通州湾港区高滩围堤设计关键技术

通州湾港区位于南通市腰沙、冷家沙区域,地处辐射沙洲南缘,低潮时滩面出露,潮差大.通州湾港区规划方案体量巨大,需通过大面积围填高滩形成港区陆域,围堤建设是陆域形成的前提条件.通过研究波浪、潮流、地质等基础资料,结合模型试验和工程实践,从堤顶高程、堤心材料、抗滑防渗防冲刷分析、施工要点等多方面进行研究、总结大潮差粉砂底质环境下高滩围堤设计的关键技术,为后续工程提供参考、积累经验.     

无填料振冲法在吹填砂地基处理中的应用

依托在建的以色列阿什杜德港项目,针对采用无填料振冲法进行吹填砂地基处理时出现的振冲点位局部欠密实的问题,对其成因进行取样分析研究,并参考吹填粉细砂条件下的无填料振冲施工经验,通过对现场实施的工艺设备进行优化与改进,保证振冲点位的整体密实,提升施工质量,同时建议采用激光粒度分析仪替代人工筛分法提高粒径分布检测数据的准确性,可供类似条件下的无填料振冲施工借鉴参考。     

The nexus between port governance and performance

The diversity of port governance models in the world, sometimes even within the same country, has aroused the interest of researchers. This study is based on contingency theory to support the port governance model. The purpose is to understand the port governance model and the relation with port performance. There are three objectives: to analyze the port governance mechanisms; to analyze the port performance factors; and to understand the influence of the governance model mechanisms on port performance. A factorial analysis was used to determine the main components, and the methodology of the structural equation model was used to analyze a survey sample of 105 valid responses from specialists and managers of port user’s companies that operate in the main Portuguese ports. This study demonstrates that port governance model influences directly the port performance. The main contribution of this paper to the literature is providing a set of factors that public managers may decide when changing the characteristics of the port governance models to ensure their performance. It was also observed the approximation of the port expert vision of port governance with models described in literature.     

Port competition with accessibility and congestion: a theoretical framework and literature review on empirical studies

This review interprets recent studies of the interactions between the competition of gateway seaports and the accessibility of landside transportation links to inland regions. Port competition is treated as part of a rivalry between two transportation chains. This article identifies the main modeling approaches and defines the different types of hinterland access systems described in the literature. A general theoretical framework is then proposed to incorporate those key components. The importance of the proposed framework is revealed by comparing and extending results from the literature. Major assumptions that need further empirical verification are identified and discussed, and related empirical studies are reviewed. Finally, avenues for further research are discussed.     

Internalization of port congestion: strategic effect behind shipping line delays and implications for terminal charges and investment

This paper develops a theoretical model to analyze the congestion internalization of the shipping lines, taking into account the ‘knock on’ effect (i.e. the congestion delay passed on from one port-of-call to the next port-of-call). We find that with the presence of the knock-on effect, liners will operate less in terminals, and an increase of a liner’s operation in one terminal will decrease its operation in the other. If the liners are involved in a Stackelberg competition, whether they operate more or less in a terminal under the knock-on effect depends on the comparison between the marginal congestion costs of terminals. Furthermore, we find that the coordinated profit-maximizing terminal charges are higher than both the socially optimal terminal charges and the independent profit-maximizing terminal charges. When the knock-on effect is small, the independent profit-maximizing terminal charges are set at higher levels than the socially optimal terminal charges; but when the knock-on effect is sufficiently large, this relationship may reverse. Besides, the capacity investment rules are the same for welfare-maximizing terminal operator and coordinated profit-maximizing terminal operator, while independent profit-maximizing terminal operators invest less in capacity. The larger the knock-on effect, the larger this discrepancy.     

Can we really measure the impact of port governance reform?

Approaches by governments to reforming the way in which ports are governed are critical to how ports operate and fulfil their roles, and much research is devoted to investigating the impact of such reform. Yet, although the challenges of such research are noted, little attention is devoted to questioning whether measuring such impact is actually possible. We argue consideration of this question is fundamentally important for policy makers and researchers. Specifically, if uncertainty exists regarding whether we have measured the impact of the reform, how can we research its effect or justify its introduction? Conversely, a more conscious consideration of whether we can really measure the impact of port governance reform arguably means a more effective contextualization and rationalization of both policy and research. In this polemical paper, we critically consider three salient areas in relation to whether we can really measure the impact of port governance reform: ‘key terms and their ambiguity’, ‘aspects of time and geography’ and ‘issues of methods and context’. We summarize the key issues and offer suggestions for policy makers and researchers to approach them in an aim to both help measure the impact of port governance reform and also aid future policy development.     

Norwegian port connectivity and its policy implications

The importance of a seaport depends on how well it is connected in a transportation network. A port’s connectivity is therefore one of the key issues in determining its competitiveness and developments in regions and countries. We construct a port connectivity index for major Norwegian ports based on a unique dataset derived from the automated identification system (AIS) for multiple vessel types over a 7-year period. Port connectivity is evaluated empirically by the number of unique vessel visits, vessel sizes, and cargo sizes. The research has implications for port authorities and policy makers in the areas of port planning, infrastructure investment, short sea shipping promotion, and environmental policies. The contributions of this research are twofold. First, the methodology linking the AIS vessel-tracking system with port connectivity is a pioneering empirical application of maritime big data. Second, the port connectivity index is constructed for multiple vessel types and regional port groups, which is an improvement from the current literature where conceptual measures are constructed based on hypothetical and usually too simple optimization rules. The methodology can be easily expanded to other regions in the world.     

Assessing cruise port of call performance: a passenger-based approach using PLS modelling

In the present context of booming cruise demand, the study aims to advance the knowledge on port of call performance from cruise passengers’ perspective. The aim of this investigation was twofold: (1) to examine the structural links among port of call perceived quality–satisfaction–future intentions (revisit and word-of-mouth (WOM) behaviour); and (2) to test the moderating effect of cruisers’ motivation (push versus pull factors) to visit the port of call on the proposed structural links. Partial least squares path modelling was used to test the proposed model with a sample of 492 cruise passengers at a Mediterranean port of call. The findings revealed that port of call quality has a positive impact on port of call satisfaction, which in turn, strongly affects revisit and WOM intention. Besides, the results of the multi-group analysis indicated that the links between port of call quality–satisfaction and port of call satisfaction–WOM are moderated by cruisers’ motivation. Implications for port authorities and cruise lines are discussed.     

连云港港主航道远期适应性及通航标准

以连云港港主航道工程为实例,综合航道与规划港口岸线资源的长远匹配性,对远期航道的适应性及通航标准进行分析。基于ANYLOGIC多智能体仿真建模平台,采用面向对象的建模方法,建立涵盖船舶进出港、锚地、航道和码头生产等环节组织实施全过程的连云港主航道水域港口运营系统仿真模型。综合远期港口通过能力、航道服务水平以及航道宽度合理性3方面分析,提出远期航道通航标准。     

厦门港嵩屿港区潮流特性物理模型试验

厦门港嵩屿规划港区位于两股潮汐水流分流、汇流处,水流流态复杂导致规划码头岸线前沿水域存在缓流区和回流区。涨、落潮流态对港区平面布置十分敏感。岸线方案如不能满足两股水流的分流要求,将在码头前沿水域产生大尺度回流区或导致泥沙严重回淤。进行24组物理模型试验,确定嵩屿港区布置方案。现场实测资料表明,物模试验成果能较好地预测嵩屿港区建成后的水流条件。