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21.
全文娟 《铁路工程造价管理》2012,27(6):40-43
近几年来,各大中城市为缓解交通拥堵问题,纷纷申报计划加大轨道交通建设力度。轨道交通建设一次性投资大、建设周期长、运营和管理成本高,为有效控制建设规模和投资,对轨道交通工程造价构成进行分析。通过分析提出控制工程造价的5个方面的主要因素和措施,即搞好轨道交通线网规划、注重资源共享,科学合理地确定线路敷设方式,合理确定车站结构与规模,选择最优施工方法,采用国产机电设备,降低工程造价。希望能对有效控制工程投资起到应有的借鉴作用。 相似文献
22.
孟繁荣 《铁路工程造价管理》2012,27(4):40-43
工程总承包模式在铁路基本建设领域处于起步和发展阶段,通过对铁路建设工程总承包模式的介绍,阐述铁路工程总承包管理模式5个方面的特点。针对工程总承包合同管理中存在的主要问题进行分析与探讨,提出拆迁工程不应划入招标范围,加强资金管理,划分工程节点并按节点进度计价支付工程款,承包方应建立工程保险等解决问题的建议。 相似文献
23.
J. Piotrowski H. Chollet 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2005,43(6):455-483
Advanced modelling of rail vehicle dynamics requires realistic solutions of contact problems for wheels and rails that are able to describe contact singularities, encountered for wheels and rails. The basic singularities demonstrate themselves as double and multiple contact patches. The solutions of the contact problems have to be known practically in each step of the numerical integration of the differential equations of the model. The existing fast, approximate methods of solution to achieve this goal have been outlined. One way to do this is to replace a multi-point contact by a set of ellipses. The other methods are based on so-called virtual penetration. They allow calculating the non-elliptical, multiple contact patches and creep forces online, during integration of the model. This allows nearly real-time simulations. The methods are valid and applicable for so-called quasi-Hertzian cases, when the contact conditions do not deviate much from the assumptions of the Hertz theory. It is believed that it is worthwhile to use them in other cases too. 相似文献
24.
The growth in container shipping poses considerable challenges to efforts to reduce the negative externalities associated with freight transport. There are particular concerns about the impacts of the associated port-hinterland freight flows. Through empirical research, this paper examines trends in the operational efficiency of the British port-hinterland container rail freight market and to assess the impacts of any changes on the overall sustainability of this market. Original survey work conducted in 2007 and 2015 has allowed longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis of the characteristics of this market.The survey findings reveal that rail’s mode share of port container throughput (in TEU) has increased from 14.7% in 2007 to 16.6% in 2015 and it is likely that its share of the associated hinterland activity has also risen. Rail was carrying 25% more TEU by 2015 without an increase in train service provision. Increases in mean train capacity and mean load factor were observed, leading to growth in the mean train load from 44 TEU in 2007 to 55 TEU in 2015. This considerable improvement in operational efficiency is expected to have reduced the negative externalities per unit of transport activity associated with the rail-borne hinterland container flows, though scope is identified for further improvements in sustainability. 相似文献
25.
以青岛蓝色硅谷城际轨道交通高架桥预制U形梁为工程背景,运用有限元方法对比分析先张法和后张法预制U形梁内力、应力状态及变形3方面的力学性能。对先张法和后张法U形梁进行静载试验,详细分析试验荷载下U形梁的刚度及抗裂性等指标。结果表明,先张法预应力U形梁力学性能优越,具有推广应用潜力。 相似文献
26.
从产品全生命周期成本概念出发,阐述了轨道交通信号控制系统生命周期的特点和成本构成;从企业视角提出了一种轨道交通信号控制系统的LCC估算方法;通过企业项目成本管理信息化系统统计产晶LCC的各项数据,结合财务数据进行归一化估算,并定期进行回归迭代,规范化实施分析与评价,从而得出产話的LCC改进建议,为公司战略决策提供了重要参考依据。 相似文献
27.
王宏勇 《铁路工程造价管理》2020,(2):47-50
随着《铁路基本建设项目投资管理办法》(铁总计统〔2017〕179号)及《关于铁路建设项目清理概算工作的通知》(发改投资电〔2019〕1号)文的出台,标志着铁路建设项目概算清理工作,将逐步交由建设单位按照不突破初步设计批复金额进行处理,因此初步设计阶段如何确保招标预算金额的准确性,体现的越来越为重要,本文通过对500米长轨营业线火车市场运费与编制办法计算运费的分析,量化两者费用存在的差异,列明差异原因,并提出相关建议。 相似文献
28.
29.
结合首都机场滑行道底板施工,分析了超长大体积钢筋混凝土结构裂缝产生原因,介绍采用补偿收缩混凝土和设置膨胀加强带的措施来保证施工质量,并介绍了相关施工注意事项。 相似文献
30.
A rising trend in state and federal transportation finance is to invest capital dollars into projects which reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, a key metric for comparing projects, the cost-effectiveness of GHG emissions reductions, is highly dependent on the cost-benefit methodology employed in the analysis. Our analysis comparing California High-Speed Rail and three urban transportation projects shows how four different accounting framings bring wide variations in cost per metric tonne of GHG emissions reduced. In our analysis, life-cycle GHG emissions are joined with full cost accounting to better understand the benefits of cap-and-trade investments. Considering only public subsidy for capital, none of the projects appear to be a cost-effective means to reduce GHG emissions (i.e., relative to the current price of GHG emissions in California’s cap-and-trade program at $12.21 per tonne). However, after adjusting for the change in private costs users incur when switching from the counterfactual mode (automobile or aircraft) to the mode enabled by the project, all investments appear to reduce GHG emissions at a net savings to the public. Policy and decision-makers who consider only the capital cost of new transportation projects can be expected to incorrectly assess alternatives and indirect benefits (i.e., how travelers adapt to the new mass transit alternative) should be included in decision-making processes. 相似文献