长江口细砂作为路基填料的设计方法

崇明岛地处长江口,地势平坦填筑高速公路路基所需的土源匮乏,长江口地区细砂来源丰富,若能结合航道疏浚产生的细砂作为路基填料则为生态岛的建设创造了有利条件。该文阐述了长江口细砂特定的物理力学特性,并且针对其区别于其他路基填料的特性提出设计要点,为土方匮乏区域路基填料的选择提供了新的方向。     

海洋环境下的公路隧道口病害防治方法研究

针对浙东海岛公路隧道洞口病害的频发问题,在分析环境影响、发病类型、致病机理的基础上,提出病害“预控”防治理念和方法,通过建立隧道口遭灾模式,确定“最不利条件”下的洞口工程设计参数,对病害实行精准“预控”,并采用系列工程质量控制措施,系统阻断有害因素的生成与累积,最终实现隧道口病害的高效、全程防治。     

夜间动态环境中驾驶员空间距离判识规律

为研究在夜间地面动态环境中驾驶员空间距离判识规律,进行了实际道路试验.32名驾驶员在夜间环境中不同深度距离、速度下,判识红、绿色障碍物空间距离.检验样本差异显著度,分析被试距离判识结果,获得判识特征值.运用曲面回归分析判识距离与速度和深度距离之间关系,获得驾驶员在夜间动态环境中,对空间距离判识变化关系的数学模型.试验结果表明：绝对距离判识值随障碍物深度距离增加而增大,随速度增加而减小.相对距离判识受深度距离影响小,受速度变化影响大,二元二次函数可很好地逼近空间距离判识的变化规律.     

Stackelberg 博弈下海盗活动地区海军护航选择优化

为了优化海军在海盗活动区域的护航选择决策,更好地保护过往船舶,维护海上运输安全,在对实际护航行动涉及的海军与海盗两方主体博弈关系分析的基础上,建立了一个包括海军和海盗双方在内的非合作非零和Stackelberg 博弈对双方行为进行描述,并选取双层规划模型将博弈关系进行数学转换.针对该双层规划模型的特点,采用基于灵敏度分析的启发式算法（SAB）对反应函数具体形式进行计算,并进行模型求解算法设计.最后,以索马里海盗活动区域为例进行实例分析,得出海军继续选择亚丁湾进行护航,海盗活动区域将向红海转移的结果,结果也说明了模型与算法的合理性.     

厦门轨道交通2号线跨海段盾构滚刀磨损与更换预测

对盾构法施工跨海隧道,有效降低由于滚刀磨损所带来的作业风险并有计划地进行滚刀更换十分重要,针对厦门轨道交通2号线跨海段地质条件,基于理论预测模型和实验预测模型对几类岩石条件下滚刀的换刀距离进行了预测。通过分析刀具更换工法的适应性,提出对厦门轨道交通2号线跨海段换刀位置与换刀工法的建议： 1）淤泥段采用切削类刀具,换刀方式采用常压开舱换刀,换刀位置在1#联络通道附近; 2）全强风化低压段采用盘形滚刀,换刀方式以带压进舱换刀为主,在该掘进段需要换刀4次,其中第3次在大兔屿1#中间风井处更换,其余3次均在海底更换; 3）全强风化高压段采用盘形滚刀,在该掘进段需要换刀4次,换刀方式以饱和气体带压进舱换刀为主; 4）中微风化硬岩段采用盘形滚刀,在该掘进段需要换刀3次,换刀方式以减压限排换刀为主。     

桥头跳车对人体心率负荷强度影响因素的研究

在桥头跳车过程中,驾驶员受到来自道路条件、交通环境等因素突变的影响,从而引发生理心理上的负担,导致心率的急速变化。根据路桥过渡段的行车实验及数据采集,主要分析了桥头跳车中车速及桥头沉降差对人体心率的影响强度及其相关性。     

公路隧道LED照明基本段亮度标准试验验证研究

在充分调研分析国内外照明设计指标验证研究成果基础上,进行公路隧道LED照明基本段亮度标准验证试验方案设计,并在1：1实体隧道开展小目标可见度验证试验。试验结果分析表明,现行标准和新标准基本照明亮度标准均满足可见度要求,可以指导公路隧道LED照明设计。     

论发展我国的海上起重抢险打捞作业

〔〕本文论述了我国海上起重抢险打捞作业的重要意义。使用大型海洋起重船进行起重打捞是一种新型的打捞方法,具有快速、强力、作业安全可靠的特点。起重打捞作业方法的实现,使海上抢险打捞的业绩达到了新的高度。     

The Origins and Early Implementation of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976

The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Management and Conservation Act, enacted in 1974, is the primary federal fishery management legislation in the United States. The political impetus that led to enactment was the extensive foreign fish off U.S. shores that expanded following World War II and the failure of international negotiations to prevent the decline in many fisheries relied upon by domestic fishers. In Congress, there was uncertainty as to whether a comprehensive management program would be created along with a unilateral extension of fishery management jurisdiction out to 200 nautical miles. The delay in agreement over a new United Nations Law of the Sea Treaty and resolution of the extent of coastal nation jurisdiction over fisheries culminated in enactment of the legislation sponsored by Senator Warren Magnuson, a Democrat from Washington State, and Senator Ted Stevens, a Republican from the State of Alaska.     

Next generation mega container ports: implications of traffic composition on sea space demand

ABSTRACT

Demand for sea space brought about by increasing container-shipping traffic has important implications on how this space is managed and used. This is particularly important given the long-term nature, high-asset specificity, high- opportunity cost of investment, and significant economic impact of container port activity on a locality. The challenge is especially pressing for ports, which are facing constraints in seaside capacity where container traffic also has to co-exist with the needs of other types of ship traffic. This challenge is likely be multiplied for next generation container ports, which are expected to handle even larger traffic volumes. These ports are also likely to face competing sea space demands from other economic and social activities especially when they are concurrently major confluences of trade, logistics, and urban populations. This is the first research to investigate in detail the impact and importance of investigating sea space requirements from the perspective of cargo traffic composition and ship capacity. Results show that transshipment containers can generate much higher demand for sea space due to the higher volume of shipping capacity that accompanies such traffic. Sustainability issues and managerial and policy implications pertaining to the development of next generation container ports are provided.