跨座式单轨平移式道岔结构数值仿真分析

根据相关规范给出平移式道岔结构在列车作用下的动力荷载类型及相应计算方法。为减少计算单元的划分数量、提高计算分析效率,提出单元重分法模拟列车移动加载。运用有限元数值仿真方法,对平移式道岔在列车运行过程中的力学行为和结构安全性进行分析。结果表明:列车运行过程中平移式道岔结构在长台车处产生最大应力,其应力比为0.86,梁体挠度小于规范规定的相应限值,说明在列车运行过程中平移式道岔的强度和刚度均能够满足结构安全性要求;长台车上部连接板的边缘处存在较大的集中应力,因此在道岔结构制造和施工过程中,需确保其焊缝连接强度不小于母材强度。     

亚临界淬火对LZ50钢车轴性能的影响

对LZ50钢车轴亚临界淬火前后的力学性能、晶粒度以及车轴表面残余应力的变化进行了试验,分析了亚临界淬火对LZ50钢车轴拉伸性能和表面质量的影响。试验表明,亚临界淬火对车轴拉伸性能无明显影响,然而车轴表面的残余应力变化很大,可由拉应力改变为压应力,而且通过优化加工工艺,表面压应力的增幅会更大,说明亚临界淬火能有效提高车轴的疲劳寿命。     

Analysis of cross effect on inherent deformation during the line heating process – Part 1 – Single crossed heating lines

This paper describes the effect of previous heating on inherent deformation by a subsequent heating line, more specifically, the case of two heating lines intersecting (crossing) each other. The paper has been divided into two parts. In the first part, the case of single crossed heating lines is studied in detail. The second part of the paper, discusses the case of more than one crossed heating lines. The novelty of the work lies in revealing the cross effect and how, factors such as, for example, the heating condition and the plate geometry, influence the resulting inherent deformation of crossed heating. In addition, relationships to easily get these influences are provided. The results are suitable for a wide range of heating conditions and plate thickness.     

Assessment of fatigue strength of steel butt-welded joints in as-welded condition – Alternative approaches for curve fitting and mean stress effect analysis

Experimental fatigue data for butt-welded joints in as-welded condition and under constant amplitude tensile loading (secondary bending included) were analyzed using the nominal stress system and the notch stress system. Two approaches were used; a standard fitting procedure and minimization of the sum of squared perpendicular distances from a line with a fixed and free slope. In all cases, the latter method gave better agreement between the experimental and predicted fatigue life and fatigue strength. The analyses showed both with all broken specimen data included and with reduced data that the FAT225 curve, as recommended by IIW, might be too optimistic for the notch stress approach in the case of butt-welded joints in as-welded condition. It was also found that use of the local stress ratio instead of the applied stress ratio might explain many issues concerning current observations and apparent inconsistencies in reported literature.     

浮冰冲击作用下的乙烯运输船体 舷侧结构强度分析

对无限航区的21000m3乙烯运输船舷侧结构,分别采用纵骨架式和横骨架式冰区加强设计。根据FSICR规范要求,更新舷侧冰带区域内构件尺寸,并针对艏部冰带区域内船体结构,分别建立了原始的、纵骨架式的和横骨架式的冰带结构设计有限元模型。通过强度计算,认为艏部冰带区新结构满足规范设计载荷要求。在此基础上,单独建立艏货舱冰区舷侧外板板架有限元模型,研究两种新设计形式适用的外板在更大浮冰冲击载荷作用下塑性变形。计算结果表明:纵骨架式结构外板塑性变形明显低于横骨架式。     

自升式平台升降装置设计与强度分析

针对自升式平台升降装置长期依赖进口的现状,自主设计研发了400英尺及以上作业水深的自升式平台电动齿轮齿条传动升降装置,并对其关键部件爬升齿轮进行了重点设计及强度分析。通过DNV及相关规范与有限元结果对比的方法对升降装置关键部位在风暴自存工况下进行强度校核,分析其结构强度性。根据方案设计生产升降装置样机,并对试验样机并进行了载荷试验、疲劳试验,试验结果表明,该装置符合设计和使用要求,为自升式平台升降装置设计提供指导与参考。     

基于规范方法的小水线面双体船疲劳强度研究

论文介绍了船舶结构疲劳强度评估基本原理,并对一条2200t级小水线面双体船进行规范法疲劳强度评估。针对小水线面双体船结构特点,采用规范进行疲劳载荷计算;结合全船有限元计算结果进行疲劳部位筛选;采用有限元法提取疲劳部位的热点应力,并计算疲劳部位的累积损伤度。分析计算结果,提出疲劳部位优化方案。     

某型气垫登陆艇燃气涡轮发电机组弹性轴断裂分析

介绍了气垫登陆艇的故障现象,通过故障现象分析,对故障进行了定位,通过对故障件进行理化分析、金相组织分析、断口分析,设计图样与实物的制造符合性分析,最后采用实例建模进行了强度校核,得出某型气垫登陆艇燃气涡轮发电机组弹性轴断裂的故障模式。     

聚合物乳液改性混凝土应用研究

通过试验探讨了羧基丁苯聚合物改性混凝土的强度、韧性及内部孔隙结构。结果表明:聚合物改性混凝土的力学性能较好;孔隙分布分析表明:羧基丁苯聚合物在混凝土中交织成网状胶膜,是混凝土的内部孔隙分布有所改善,能够降低混凝土的渗透性,从而使混凝土的抗氯离子等损害的能力有了适当的提高。     

高压气体长管半挂车车架高强度钢板强度等代设计

高压气体长管半挂车是输送高压气体的专用车辆,减小车架自重是提高单车运输效率的有效途径。对车架强度等代设计进行了研究,在车架结构优化的基础上用高强度钢板A610L代替原钢板16MnL,使车架重量减轻了455kg。强度等代设计后,车架强度余量增加,在实现轻量化的同时提高了车辆的安全性。