基于双面双弧焊接工艺的焊接接头残余应力及变形分析

本文采用数值模拟手段和小孔法测试试验,对新型双面双弧焊接工艺和现行单弧焊接工艺下船体高强度钢对接接头焊接过程及焊后残余应力、变形进行对比分析,为双面双弧焊接的实际应用及大面积推广奠定工艺基础。     

基于直接计算方法的海上超大型浮式结构物单模块强度分析

海上超大型浮式结构是由若干个与半潜平台相似的浮体通过连接器相连而成的一种新型海上结构,目前对其结构强度分析较少。文章基于直接计算方法,采用SESAM/Hydro D进行超大浮体单模块水动力分析并预报其波浪载荷,进而调用SESAM/Sestra模块进行超大浮体总体强度有限元分析。分析表明,超大浮体的三个连接部位出现了较大应力集中。选取这三处连接部位作为关键节点,采用ANSYS计算该三处关键节点的局部强度。研究结果表明,在横撑与下浮体连接处总体和局部应力均最大,该部位是易产生疲劳破坏的部位,需要重点研究。     

多通道协调加载系统在动力转向架构架强度试验中的应用研究

介绍了多通道协调加载系统的原理,结合具体实例阐述了多通道协调加载系统的应用,并给出试验结果。实践表明,多通道协调加载系统能够有效提高高速动力转向架强度试验的准确性,缩小试验结果与实际运营之间的偏差。     

Residual circulation and sediment distribution in the Ria de Aveiro lagoon, Portugal

A two-dimensional hydrodynamic and sediment transport models have been developed and applied to the Ria de Aveiro lagoon, Portugal. The application consisted in the study of the residual circulation, the residence time as well as the sediment dynamics in the lagoon. High residence time for particles situated at the far end of the main channels points out that they are retained for a long time and tend to remain there, with high probability of being deposited into the bed. Low residence time for the central areas implies that the particles are flushed out more rapidly toward the lagoon mouth, revealing that the water and the particles exchange are very effective there. Although the residual circulation due to the rivers induces an overall transport toward the lagoon mouth, the residual circulations due to the winds induce particular circulation patterns (clockwise or counter-clockwise eddies) at some locations of the lagoon, depending on the wind direction. It was found that the suspended sediment concentrations along the main channels are induced by tidal asymmetries (resulting in areas of ebb and flood dominance), as well as by the wind stress and rivers runoff effects. They contribute, in general, to increase the sediment export toward the ocean, although the wind stress may induce currents and circulations in the opposite direction of the tidal currents. High turbid zones are observed for strong tidal currents, associated with tidal asymmetries, as well as with high rivers runoff. The erosion–deposition budget indicates a tendency for sediment accumulation at important areas of the lagoon, namely the shallow ones.     

外接平板型金属夹层结构连接构件极限强度分析

激光焊接钢质夹层结构在国外已用于实船,其连接形式是亟待解决的关键问题之一。基于有限元分析软件ANSYS,研究了面内载荷作用下,I型金属夹层结构外接平板型连接构件的失效模式和极限承载能力,以及5种典型初始缺陷的尺寸和连接构件的设计参数对极限载荷的影响规律。结果显示,连接构件较短时,结构失效的主导因素是焊接接头形成了塑性铰;连接构件较长时,主导因素是连接构件失稳。对于各种类型的初始缺陷,随初始缺陷尺寸的增大,极限载荷均降低;连接构件、以及靠近连接构件的夹层面板和夹层腹板的初始缺陷对极限载荷的影响较大。在控制重量的条件下,欲增大极限承载能力,最有效的途径是增大连接构件厚度,并选取合适的连接构件长度。     

考虑应变率效应的船体板格冲击动力响应与结构强度准则研究

针对承受冲击载荷的船体板格,提出一种考虑材料动态特性的失效评估准则,并采用LS-DYNA对其合理性进行了验证。此方法考虑了材料的应变率效应对其屈服强度特性的影响以及冲击时间临界值对船体板格最大永久变形的影响,反映了结构动态失效行为特征,具有一定的工程意义和参考价值。     

Experimental and numerical investigation on welding simulation of long stiffened steel plate specimen

The paper presents the results of metal inert gas T-joint fillet welding tests of small scale rectangular stiffened steel plates longer than the standard test specimen. In the literature the focus is typically on plates with a small aspect ratio and the present work deals with plates of higher aspect ratio, which are the typical ones in marine structures, aiming to determine if there is any significant effect of welding along the longitudinal direction. Nonlinear thermo-elasto-plastic finite element models are adopted to evaluate the temperature distribution, welding induced distortions and residual stress in the stiffened plates of shipbuilding steel. Given the difficulty in data acquisition of temperature-dependent properties of the material, a simplified model of the properties is proposed, based on the values at room temperature. Good agreement is observed between the measured and simulated temperatures, indicating that the current finite element approach is appropriate to simulate the welding process. The proposed simplified material model can be efficiently used in the finite element analysis of welded steel structures. It is concluded that the welding parameters have more significant influence on the structural responses than the dimension of the plate.     

Fatigue resistance of welded steel tubular X-joints

High-cycle fatigue experiments are performed on welded tubular steel X-joints, with braces and chord of equal diameter. They are scaled-down joints, used extensively in offshore wind platforms. Three different welding procedures are considered in specimen fabrication: manual, fully-automatic and manual with HFMI post-weld treatment. Τwo possible locations for crack initiation were identified: chord “crown” and “in-between location”, also verified by numerical calculations and fractography of failed specimens. Monotonic loading tests on fatigue-cracked specimens showed good performance in terms of ultimate strength and deformation capacity, despite the presence of through-thickness cracks. The results are compared with predictions from relevant design standards.     

基于PATRAN闸刀掣链器的强度校核

基于有限元法以及相应标准的计算方法,对某闸刀掣链器的强度进行校核,通过对不同方法的计算结果进行对比分析,对超标准闸刀掣链器的强度校核提出新的方法。同时通过受力分析,认定闸刀的宽度与厚度以及掣链器本体的壁厚对强度影响较大,并通过计算和比较改变其尺寸后的应力情况,提出对该闸刀掣链器的优化方案。     

推制弯头用芯棒设计和推制过程中断裂问题的分析

通过推制弯头过程中管坯和芯棒(工装)的应力分析,运用塑性加工和金属(钢管)二次加工理论,建立了芯棒强度计算公式,解决了芯棒尺寸与管坯尺寸的合理匹配问题,同时确定了特种管件的制造工艺。