闭塞冷锻半轴齿轮的微观研究

分析了闭塞冷锻半轴齿轮残余应力分布不均的原因,研究了位错密度的分布,并用位错理论说明了材料硬化的微观原因。利用金相法测量晶粒度,发现半轴齿轮经闭塞冷锻后晶粒得到细化,与切削加工方法比较,其晶粒度提高2级。     

Computer Predictions and Experimental Verification of Residual Stresses and Distortion in Carburizing-Quenching of Steel

IntroductionInordertoobtainimprovedmechanicalpropertiesandfatiguestrengthofmachinecomponents,stlchasgears,shaftsandsoon,carburizing-quenchingprocessasamethodofstirfacehardeningisoftenusedinindustry.Howevef,carbtirizing-quenchingisusuallyaccompaniedwithcarbonconcentrationandleadtodistortion,residualstressesandhardnessofsteelparts.Theeffectofcarboncontentisspeciallysignificantonphasetransformationbel1aviorThispaPerwillpresentthesimulationresultsoftheresidualstressfieldanddistortionofasteelcylin…     

碳纤维与混凝土界面粘结应力计算方法

为了确定碳纤维加固混凝土结构承载过程中胶层部位的剪应力分布规律,判别碳纤维与混凝土界面间是否发生剥离破坏,进行了碳纤维布加固混凝土构件的拉伸试验,基于弹性理论,推导了已知力作用下的任意点胶层界面剪应力与碳纤维正应力的计算方法。计算结果表明碳纤维与混凝土界面的剪应力、正应变的分布规律与试验结果相吻合,计算方法有较高的精度,计算得出胶层部位的极限剪切强度为3.96 MPa,在实际工程中,为防止剥离破坏的发生,应确保胶层剪切应力小于此值。     

快速整周模糊度求解技术在高精度GPS定位和导航中的应用

给出了GPS卫星测量模型，分析误差源，并推导出差分值，以便提高GPS的精度。求解GPS载波相位整周模糊度是高精度定位和导航的关键。计算效率至关重要，因为它直接影响求解模糊度的时间，而且还影响模糊度求解过程的可靠性。分析了搜索空间中的独立变量，并推导出新的传递矩阵。该矩阵将所有的测量残差直接和最小求解搜索空间相关联。该技术不仅可以改善计算效率以及缩短模糊度求解时间，还能提高可靠性。通过仅选择那些与卫星几何尺寸和测量残差一致的模糊度的组合，搜索空间被最小化，应用于高精度定位和导航。     

A comparative study on the structural integrity of single and double side skin bulk carriers under collision damage

The primary aim of the present study is to investigate the collision resistance and residual strength of single side skin (SSS) and double side skin (DSS) bulk carriers subject to collision damage. The impact dynamics analyses were conducted using ANSYS LS-DYNA for the evaluation resistance forces, energy absorption and penetration depth for various collision scenarios. The struck vessels of Capsize SSS and DSS designs were assumed to be entirely standstill and the striking vessels of an Aframax-type oil tanker with different bulbous bow shapes were modeled as rigid bodies. The findings were compared, where possible, with existing analytical tools. Residual strength calculations on SSS and DSS vessels were computed corresponding to all considered collision damage scenarios. Traditional Smith's method was applied with the average stress — average strain relationships of elements based on derived semi - analytically. The effect of corrosion was also evaluated by Joint Bulker Project (JBP) Rules on the influence of plate and stiffener thickness. The safety of the vessels was determined as a ratio of the ultimate hull girder strength to bending moment in damaged condition. Finally, results and insights derived from the present work are summarized.     

Computer Prediction on Stress Distribution During Laser Quenching

IntroductionInprocessofindustry,theproblemscoupIedwiththermaIandfOrceareusuaIIymet.LaserqueIlchinginvolvingphasetransformationisoneofthem.HowtosetupafitmatheInatica1modeltosimulatetl1elaserquenchingprocessandhowtocalculateandanalyzenumericallythestresgdistributionarefolIowedwithinterestbymanyresearchersIl'2'3J.Thoseeffol'tsareimportanttooPtilnizethetechnologyparametersandprovideareliablebasisforimprovingthesyntheticallymechanicspropertiesandtheuseagesofmaterials.Alongwithdevelopmentofcomp…     

不同埋深铁路隧道仰拱受力特征研究

以董志塬区银西高铁黄土隧道为例,对不同埋深条件下隧道仰拱的基底接触压力和钢拱架应力随时间的变化规律、空间分布特征及其差异性进行了对比研究。研究结果表明,浅埋隧道基底接触压力变化时间较深埋隧道略长;不同埋深隧道仰拱处最小基底接触压力均出现在拱底中心处,最大基底接触压力均出现在拱脚处,且同一部位浅埋隧道基底接触压力明显大于深埋隧道基底接触压力;在仰拱的同一部位处,深埋隧道钢拱架应力明显大于浅埋隧道钢拱架应力;仰拱部位钢拱架承受压应力为主,浅埋黄土隧道仰拱部位的钢拱架最大压应力出现在拱底中心,可达约12MPa;而深埋隧道拱脚部位的钢拱架压应力最大,可达26~33MPa。研究结果可为黄土隧道仰拱设计优化与施工提供参考。     

压力容器的应力腐蚀及控制

应力腐蚀是压力容器腐蚀破坏的重要形式,尤其是这种断裂失效呈脆性断裂的特点,易导致灾难性后果。阐述了压力容器应力腐蚀断裂产生的条件和特征,并从合理选材、降低或消除应力和改善环境等方面提出了控制应力腐蚀断裂的技术措施。     

基于巴氏噪声研究曲轴热处理残余应力

以巴克豪森噪声(BN)原理为基础测量曲轴热处理后残余应力。结果表明调质后表面残余应力为压应力,定型工序是可以删除的,中频淬火后表面残余应力为压应力。取消定型有利于防止曲轴的变形和开裂。     

预应力砼梁开裂截面压应力计算的简化方法

根据预应力砼梁再开裂正截面预应力钢筋的应力计算经验公式,推导梁正截面首次开裂后再开裂过程中中性轴位置和受压区边缘砼正应力的计算新方法,其间考虑了预应力砼梁正截面首次开裂以及疲劳荷载重复作用对钢筋和砼应力增长的影响,并通过算例对新方法与现有方法的计算结果进行比较,验证了新方法的简便合理性.