Effects of Friends' Information Interaction on Travel Decisions

Many existing studies focus on the effects of traffic information from ATIS on travel choices. Research on the effect of friends' travel information on people's travel choice is uncommon, yet needed. In this paper, behavioral experiments are conducted to discuss what the effects of information interaction with friends can bring on individual travel decision behavior. The experimental results concluded that when the rate of friends' information interaction reaches 33.3%, the whole system is at an optimal level. Furthermore, users reach an optimum when the rate of friends' travel information interaction is 75%. The average time and cost per person is increasing when the whole system optimum transfers to the user optimum. Moreover, adjustments of departure time at the system optimum are more dispersed than at the user optimum, while travel choice changes are more concentrated.     

格丑沟大桥系杆拱桥系梁混凝土配合比优化及性能试验

格丑沟特大桥主桥为系杆拱桥,系梁采用C55混凝土,属高强高性能预应力钢筋混凝土,要求混凝土具备高工作性能(低坍落度、高流态、稳定泵送)、高抗裂性能(低收缩)、高耐久性能。该文通过掺用聚羧酸系高效减水剂、优质粉煤灰以及改善骨料质量、优化骨料级配等技术手段,对系梁混凝土进行了配合比优化及性能试验研究,为工程施工推荐了满足设计要求、经济合理的施工配合比。施工实践证明,系梁混凝土质量良好。     

磨抛机器人气电力控末端执行器负载特性研究

针对现有船舶制造业中人工打磨或砂带磨削等磨抛作业难以满足智能制造需求的现状,提出一种面向船舶磨抛机器人的气电混合式力控末端执行器,采用自适应变参数PID控制器对非对称气缸的气动力与大推力永磁直线同步电机的电磁力进行协调控制,实现作业接触力的实时补偿与精确控制。通过对气动系统、永磁直线同步电机系统、环境工件、力和速度控制器等进行建模与数值仿真,研究其负载波动响应与抗负载冲击特性。仿真结果表明,相比气动力控系统,气电混合式力控系统可消除气动系统振荡特性的影响,在35Hz范围内振动负载作用下的最大力波动幅值由138N(约为稳态值46%)减小至25N(约为稳态值8.4%)；在阶跃负载作用下气缸活塞杆位移振荡和接触力冲击次数显著减少,调整时间分别仅为前者的32.3%和27.3%,有效提高了抗负载波动与冲击特性,可提升船舶磨抛机器人作业质量。     

Gauging interventions for sustainable travel: A comparative study of travel attitudes in Berlin and London

So-called ‘soft’ policy instruments that respond to the psychological aspects of travel are regularly acknowledged as necessary complements to ‘hard’ infrastructure investments to effectively promote sustainable travel in cities. While studies investigating subjective orientations among travellers have proliferated, open questions remain including the role of recent technological advances, the expansion of alternative mobility services, locally specific mobility cultures and residential selection. This paper presents the methods, results and policy implications of a comparative study aiming to understand mobility attitudes and behaviours in the wider metropolitan regions of Berlin and London. We specifically considered information and communication technology (ICT), new types of mobility services such as car sharing, electric cars and residential preferences. In each region, we identified six comparable segments with distinct attitudinal profiles, socio-demographic properties and behavioural patterns. Geocoding of the home address of respondents further revealed varying contextual opportunities and constraints that are likely to influence travel attitudes. We find that there is significant potential for uptake of sustainable travel practices in both metropolitan regions, if policy interventions are designed and targeted in accordance with group-specific needs and preferences and respond to local conditions of mobility culture. We identify such interventions for each segment and region and conclude that comparative assessment of attitudinal, alongside geographical, characteristics of metropolitan travellers can provide better strategic input for realistic scenario-building and ex-ante assessment of sustainable transport policy.     

Measuring the car ownership impact of free-floating car-sharing – A case study in Basel,Switzerland

Free-floating car-sharing schemes operate without fixed car-sharing stations, ahead reservations or return-trip requirements. Providing fast and convenient motorization, they attract both public transport users and (former) car-owners. Thus, their impact on individual travel behavior depends on the user type. Estimating the travel behavior impact of these systems therefore requires quantitative data. Using a two-wave survey approach (shortly after launch of the scheme plus one year later) including travel diaries, this research indicates that (due to their membership) 6% of the free-floating car-sharing customers reduce their private vehicle ownership. Moreover, the results suggest that free-floating car-sharing both complements and competes with station-based car-sharing.     

规划盐泰锡常宜铁路长江桥位线路方案研究

针对盐泰锡常宜铁路越江问题,分析区域沿江城市规划、区域过江通道、水文、地质特征与河势,提出长江桥位线路方案。最后,通过长江特大桥建桥条件及引入泰锡常地区条件等全面系统分析,选出江阴铁路大桥方案为合理方案。     

CBR-V法矿质集料骨架嵌挤评价指标CBRmax求解的试验研究

CBR-V矿料级配设计方法是基于矿料特征和矿料级配特征的一种设计方法,矿料的特征及其级配的组成非常复杂,要考虑其对合成级配的影响困难较大,所以通过试验数据反映矿质集料的特征状况。由于在试验中集料的不同特征得到了综合的体现,所以可以认为试验中考虑了集料的各种特征,是一个能够体现集料全部特征的设计方法。通过32组正交试验,获取的CBR_max相比CBR-V法获取的CBR_max小7.6%,说明通过CBR-V法获取的CBR_max值更接近CBR_max。分析表明通过CBR-V法获取CBR_max是可行的,过程工作量更小,效率更高;其采用的强度传递理念是正确的且具有客观唯一性的特点。     

BIM 技术在市政改建道路管线综合中的应用研究

随着城市的快速发展，过去规划及设计的道路已经不能满足日趋增长的交通需求，在市政道路改建工程中，管线综合相比新建工程更加复杂，与传统二维设计相比，BIM技术在市政管线综合应用中具有更多优势。利用BIM技术的三维可视化信息、信息共享、碰撞检查等功能对管线综合设计方案进行优化，减少了项目的设计变更，保证项目进度并节约了项目成本。     

引汉济渭秦岭隧洞高磨蚀性硬岩TBM滚刀磨损试验研究

引汉济渭工程秦岭输水隧洞TBM掘进施工在试掘进段因遭遇高磨蚀性硬岩地层,滚刀发生严重磨损,致使施工进度严重滞后。为降低刀具磨损,节约施工成本,加快施工进度,必须对刀具磨损进行准确预测。针对高磨蚀性地层,开展滚刀磨损预测研究; 通过课题组前期研究结果,建立滚刀磨损理论预测模型; 通过室内实验,建立滚刀磨损实验预测模型; 通过现场试验,对室内实验模型及课题组前期研究建立的理论预测模型进行验证。结果表明,实验预测结果具有较高的准确性,相对误差在10%以内。