Rural mobility and mode choice: Evidence from the 2001 National Household Travel Survey

This article uses data from the 2001 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) to compare travel behavior in rural and urban areas of the U.S. As expected, the car is the overwhelmingly dominant mode of travel. Over 97% of rural households own at least one car vs. 92% of urban households; 91% of trips are made by car in rural areas vs. 86% in urban areas. Regardless of age, income, and race, almost everyone in rural areas relies on the private car for most travel needs. Mobility levels in rural areas are generally higher than in urban areas. That results from the more dispersed residences and activity sites in rural areas, which increase trip distances and force reliance on the car. Somewhat surprisingly, the rural elderly and poor are considerably more mobile than their urban counterparts, and their mobility deficit compared to the rural population average is strikingly less than for the urban elderly and poor compared to the urban average. Data limitations prevented a measurement of accessibility, however, and it seems likely that rural areas, by their very nature, are less accessible than urban areas, especially for the small percentage of car-less poor and elderly households.     

Travel time ratio: the key factor of spatial reach

An important aspect of reach and accessibility is the time people are willing to spend on reaching activity places. In this paper we see the issue of travel time in an alternative way. Instead of looking at travel time separated from time spent on activities, we examine the relation between travel time and stay time. We operationalize this relation with the concept “travel time ratio”. A hypothetical framework underlying these travel time ratios is displayed. We show that for similar types of activity places the value of travel time ratio are in accordance with each other. We find large differences between trips for mandatory activities and trips for discretionary activities. The results indicate the stability of the travel time ratios. Finally, some implications for future research and policy will be mentioned. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

高速铁路建设对沿线城市经济发展的促进作用

国内外诸多经典理论研究表明,城市的发展与地理环境、资源、人口、交通网络等诸多因素有关,其中城市交通和城市间的铁路交通网对城市的形成与经济发展影响最大。此文在阐述国内外高速铁路发展概况的基础上,依据城市经济学相关理论,建立城市通达性与城市经济总量的关系模型,通过选取样本空间,进行相关数据归纳和分析,论述高速铁路建设缩短了城市间的时空距离,提高了城市间的通达性,加快了区域间资源、技术及信息的交流,增加了城市的GDP总量,促进了城市经济的发展,对中部城市经济发展的促进作用更加明显。     

Modeling access to public transport in urban areas

It is important to measure public transport accessibility to help improve the sustainability of transport systems in metropolitan areas. Although many studies have defined different approaches for measuring public transport accessibility, there have been limited methods developed for measuring accessibility levels that incorporate spatial aspects. Population density is an important distributional indicator that has also been ignored in previous methods developed for quantifying accessibility. This paper outlines the research context for measurement of public transport accessibility and then describes a methodology developed as well as an application the Public Transport Accessibility Index in Melbourne area, Australia. Using the Victorian Integrated Survey of Travel and Activity dataset, we applied separate‐ordered logit regression models to examine how the new index performs with a series of predictor variables compared with two existing approaches. Key findings indicate that there is a higher probability of public transport patronage in areas with higher levels of accessibility. Furthermore, it was found using statistical modelling that the new index produces better results compared with previous approaches. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Structural Design of Asphalt Pavement for Low Cost Rural Roads

IntroductionIn developing countries,rural road constructionis mostly cumbered by shortage of funds.Engineersconcerns most in rural areas is how to build roadswhich not only cost less but also meet the traffic de-mands.Especially in vast rural areas of Chi…     

高铁时代甘肃省中心城市可达性演变特征分析

高铁时代,铁路网的完善与高速铁路建设对沿线中心城市可达性变化产生重要影响。选取2008年、2015年及2025年作为时间断面,以甘肃省14个地级市及全国交通数据为基础,应用可达性技术分析方法对高铁通车前后沿线中心城市的交通可达性演变进行研究。研究结果表明:2025年高铁时代,中心城市之间的交通可达性水平显著提高;沿线中心城市对周围地区辐射影响增强;宝兰客运专线建成使得天水至西安段交通可达性增幅超两倍;兰渝高铁的建成缩短甘肃省至中部及南方大部分省份时间,实现地理时空有效收敛。"一带一路"背景下,研究可达性演变有利于廓清各地市空间发展导向,明晰省内各地区和省际地区间的联系,为区域空间发展战略的制定提供参考。     

基于多路径的城市轨道交通网络末班车动态可达性研究

城市轨道交通网络末班车动态可达性基于空间可达性的时间可达性。空间可达性为路网的有效路径集,取决于路网物理结构、有效路径K值、换乘走行时间和区间运行时间等。时间可达性是在空间可达性有效路径集的基础上,匹配列车时刻表和换乘走行时间,从而确定各路径的末班车时间以及OD(起讫)对的末班车时间。分别从空间可达性和时间可达性两个方面着手,研究网络末班车动态可达性推算方法,并以广州轨道交通路网为例,验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。城市轨道交通网络末班车动态可达性计算可为乘客提供末班车时刻查询以及相应的可达路径信息。     

论农村公路的养护管理

从农村公路现状、管养体制和资金来源现状等分析了目前公路管养面临的问题,提出了解决农村公路管养难题的新思路。     

浅析农村公路网工程质量问题产生原因及对策

从设计、管理、施工、监理等方面浅析了农村公路网工程质量问题发生的原因,并提出了解决这些问题的措施.