关于现行船舶规范及未来趋势的分析研究

本文简单介绍了近期已经生效或者即将生效的规则规范,并试图通过分析总结,对未来立法趋势做一个简单预测。     

SOLAS 2009破舱稳性要求对客滚船设计的影响

分析SOLAS2009第Ⅱ-1章中,B-1部分对客滚船破舱稳性要求,并与SOLAS1990客滚船破舱稳性确定性算法和滚装船（货船）的概率论算法进行比较,同时讨论了对完整稳性的影响,为新型客滚船设计在分舱和布局上应注意的方面提供参考。SOLAS2009与SOLAS1990确定性算法,有三个显著不同点：1）对双壳宽度没有明的确限制;2）对分舱长度也不作明确限制;3）增加了对乘客人数的权重。SOLAS2009与滚装船（货船）的概率论算法比较．有两个不同点：1）要求的分舱指数公式不同;2）生存概率的算法不同。SOLAS2009对完整稳性的影响：船舶纵倾受到限制,对总体布局和线型设计的要求更高。     

船舶通风筒导管材质分析

文中通过对船舶通风筒使用材质的分析,结合SOLAS公约对其的相关规定,就目前航运市场状况进行分析并提出意见。     

An integrated analysis of workers’ physically active activity and active travel choice behavior

Using Texas add-on sample data from the 2009 National Household Travel Survey, this study examines adult workers’ daily active choice decisions in the context of physical activity and attendant health benefits. The study looked at workers’ two choice behaviors: active activity and active travel. The first choice behavior, active activity, is developed as an ordered-response model based on the number of physically active recreational activities pursued during the workday. The second choice behavior, active travel, is developed as a binary-response model that examines workers’ active travel choices—whether or not the worker used any active mode of travel during the same workday. The study improves the understanding and knowledge of observed factors influencing workers’ physically active activity-travel behavior. The study also provides several observations regarding the role (and constraints) of employment in individuals’ active choices. Using a flexible copula modeling methodology, we explore the true correlation (or dependence) between the two behavior choices that could occur due to the presence of unobserved factors, suggesting a simultaneously low or simultaneously high propensity for being physically active across workers. The study findings suggest that transportation and public health policy makers can mutually benefit from encouraging workers to be physically active (from an activity and/or travel perspective). Overall, the study draws attention to the integrated nature of the public health and transportation fields, thereby providing a distinct view of active/inactive choice behavior. To our knowledge, this is the first study exploring a rich variety of components for workers’ active activity-travel behavior through a robust copula approach.     

概率论破舱稳性新规则对汽车滚装船的影响及对策研究

针对SOLAS规范破舱稳性规则的变化,结合某型汽车滚装船设计对新规则的变化和要求作了具体介绍和分析;同时通过新老规则的对比,探讨了因满足新规则要求对汽车滚装船所采取的相应措施。     

Estimating potential increases in travel with autonomous vehicles for the non-driving,elderly and people with travel-restrictive medical conditions

Automated vehicles represent a technology that promises to increase mobility for many groups, including the senior population (those over age 65) but also for non-drivers and people with medical conditions. This paper estimates bounds on the potential increases in travel in a fully automated vehicle environment due to an increase in mobility from the non-driving and senior populations and people with travel-restrictive medical conditions. In addition, these bounding estimates indicate which of these demographics could have the greatest increases in annual vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and highlight those age groups and genders within these populations that could contribute the most to the VMT increases. The data source is the 2009 National Household Transportation Survey (NHTS), which provides information on travel characteristics of the U.S. population. The changes to light-duty VMT are estimated by creating and examining three possible travel demand wedges. In demand wedge one, non-drivers are assumed to travel as much as the drivers within each age group and gender. Demand wedge two assumes that the driving elderly (those over age 65) without medical conditions will travel as much as a younger population within each gender. Demand wedge three makes the assumption that working age adult drivers (19–64) with medical conditions will travel as much as working age adults without medical conditions within each gender, while the driving elderly with medical any travel-restrictive conditions will travel as much as a younger demographic within each gender in a fully automated vehicle environment. The combination of the results from all three demand wedges represents an upper bound of 295 billion miles or a 14% increase in annual light-duty VMT for the US population 19 and older. Since traveling has other costs besides driving effort, these estimates serve to bound the potential increase from these populations to inform the scope of the challenges, rather than forecast specific VMT scenarios.     

SOLAS概率破舱稳性及计算结果分析

以SOLAS2009规范为基础,结合Napa软件对一货船概率破舱计算结果的分析,提出优化极限GM曲线的若干方法,并对于残存因数等于零的破损状态处理方法做了详细的介绍。     

主机高压油管安全保护及隐形漏油故障分析

摘要通过分析和排除一起主机高压油管隐形泄漏的故障,阐述了MANB＆W6S50MC柴油机高压油管安全保护装置的典型结构和工作原理,介绍了SOLAS公约对船舶柴油机高压油管安全保护方面的要求和技术标准。     

利用GM/RT 2142标准评价大风环境下机车车辆的抗倾覆能力

介绍了英国标准GM/RT 2142—2009《大风环境下机车车辆抗倾覆能力》中临界倾覆风速的计算方法及评价抗倾覆能力的大致流程,并利用该标准评价了某出口机车大风环境下的抗倾覆能力。     

基于UNITEST轮机模拟器的瘫船启动分析

本文结合MSC/Circ.1176通函中的统一解释,介绍了SOLAS公约关于船舶瘫船状态的定义、瘫船启动的要求、方式以及船舶原始动力源的形式,强调了瘫船启动实验在轮机模拟器训练中的必要性和积极意义。通过阐述瘫船启动在UNITEST轮机模拟器中的实现,突出了对船舶原始动力源日常维护和管理的重要性。