电子地图轨道地理坐标描述方法研究

卫星定位在列控系统中应用时,需要使用能够描述轨道地理坐标信息的电子地图文件.首先对弯轨的两种描述方法进行优缺点分析,提出线段近似法更有利于工程应用和实施,然后对使用线段近似点进行弯轨近似描述的误差进行量化分析,提出基于最大误差的近似点间隔确定方法,该方法既可以保证轨道描述精度又能有效降低电子地图数据量.     

基于GPS的CIR卫星定位单元设计

机车综合无线通信设备(CIR)用于实现机车和调度台之间的通信,兼容当前铁路调度系统中使用的450MHz和GSM-R二种通信方式。为实现以上二种通信方式的自动切换,以及450MHz通信区段内通信频点的选择,研究设计了一种基于GPS的卫星定位单元。介绍了卫星定位单元的总体设计、硬件结构和算法软件。现场实验结果表明,设计的卫星定位单元能够在使用中准确地实现通信方式和通信频点的自动切换,满足CIR的通信要求。     

铁路卫星通信工程费用浅析

详细分析铁路卫星通信工程费用的特殊点,探讨了在项目实施的各个环节如何控制成本。     

Surface chlorophyll in the Black Sea over 1978–1986 derived from satellite and in situ data

Absolute values of chlorophyll a concentration and its spatial and seasonal variations in the Black Sea were assessed by using satellite CZCS and in situ data. Since the satellite CZCS had operated for the 1978–1986 period, CZCS data was used for assessing the past state of the Black Sea just before the onset of drastic changes observed in late 1980s. The approach used for the calculation of the absolute values of chlorophyll a concentration from CZCS data was based on the direct comparison of in situ chlorophyll a data and those of CZCS and by applying the algorithm developed for the transformation of CZCS data into chlorophyll a values. CZCS Level 2 data related with pigment concentration having a spatial resolution of 1 km at nadir were used. The daily Level 3 files were derived by binning Level 2 values into 4-km grid cells and the monthly and seasonal Level 3 files were created by averaging the daily Level 3 files over the corresponding period. In situ chlorophyll a data were obtained by spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods in 15 scientific cruises over the 1978–1986 period. Total number of ship-measured data used for the comparison with those CZCS values was 590.Chlorophyll a concentration (Chl) was derived from CZCS values (C) with regression equations Chl=kC; the coefficient of transformation k was calculated from six different data sets by taking into account distinctions between subregions and seasons. The reasons for difference in the k values have been analyzed.Statistical comparison of the chlorophyll a values measured in situ and those derived from CZCS data was based on log-transformed data and gave the following results: regression SLOPE=0.842, regression INTERCEPT=−0.081, coefficient of determination (R²)=0.806, root–mean–square ERROR=0.195. The mean monthly chlorophyll a distributions derived from CZCS data over 1978–1986 have been constructed and the mean seasonal chlorophyll a values in different regions have been calculated and analyzed. The significant difference in chlorophyll concentration between the western shelf regions and the open part of the Black Sea has been demonstrated, especially in warm season. At almost all seasons, the highest chlorophyll concentration is observed in the western interior shelf region which is under strong influence of Danube. The summer mean chlorophyll concentration in this region is 18 times higher than that in the open parts and about nine times higher than in the eastern shelf region. The greatest seasonal variations are observed in the open part of the Black Sea: chlorophyll concentration in cold season is four to six times higher than in summer and three to five times higher than in April and October. To the contrary, in the western interior shelf regions, the concentration is higher in May–October (about twice than that in November–March). Seasonal variations in the western outer shelf regions are smoothed out as compared with both the western interior shelf and the open regions.     

工程船舶生产管理信息无线传输系统设计

介绍一种基于北斗卫星系统、海事卫星系统及移动通信网络的工程船舶生产管理信息无线传输系统的设计方案。运用标准OPC接口统一多种集成控制系统的数据接口,实现数据的互通互联;运用数据压缩、网络负载平衡、纠错编码技术实现多网络条件下的数据高效传输;运用基于IIS、ASP.NET的技术实现多种应用程序的WEB发布,同时给出了该系统的设计思路和各子系统的功能定义。该系统部分功能已开发并投入使用,测试运行良好。     

CIR线路数据模拟系统的研发

机车综合无线通信设备(CIR)的线路数据,在灌装运用前必须进行充分验证,研发了一套CIR线路数据模拟系统.利用运行线路实际卫星信号对CIR线路数据的地面模拟,并接收CIR的输出数据,完成闭环验证,以降低线路数据验证难度,缩短验证周期,同时提高验证准确性,减少验证工作量.     

润扬长江公路大桥GPS +北斗变形监测系统应用探索

润扬大桥结构健康监测系统中的整体变形监测采用美国GPS全球卫星定位系统,主要用于监测悬索桥桥身和桥塔的结构位移.为解决GPS的RTK短期失锁问题,提高监测可靠度和精度,在润扬大桥GPS监测系统升级中,采用GPS＋北斗的新监测方法,文章介绍了GPS＋北斗监测系统的工作原理,并对其精度进行验证,结果表明,GPS与北斗卫星导航系统的联合使用提高了解算成功率,解决了RTK失锁问题.     

Monitoring Loggerhead Sea Turtle (Caretta caretta) Nests in Turkey Using GIS

Both the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) and the green turtle (Chelonia mydas) live, feed, and nest in the Mediterranean, mostly on the beaches of Turkey and Greece. The greatest threat to the survival of Caretta caretta has been found to be on the sandy beaches where their lives begin. In this study, the digital terrain model (DTM) of the Iztuzu Beach in Turkey where the Caretta caretta sea turtles lay their eggs was prepared using a global positioning system (GPS) and a geographic information system (GIS). A flexible coastal geographic information system was prepared integrating the DTM with digitally processed satellite images and ground truth of the nesting area and its surroundings. Researchers, decision makers, other end users, or sea turtle experts can find and query any environmental information having a possible impact on the nesting area using a computer-based GIS database. A multidate monitoring of the nesting area allows users to extract and compare much information about the location and condition of the nests and will help researchers develop better strategies for protecting sea turtles.     

Comparative analysis between operational weather prediction models and QuikSCAT wind data near the Galician coast

Wind measurements from SeaWinds scatterometer on the NASA QuikSCAT satellite and wind forecasts from two different operational numerical models provided by MeteoGalicia were compared for a 4-year period (2002–2005) in Galician coast environment. Available wind data buoy measurements were also used to complement the analysis. A statistical analysis based on mean errors, root mean square errors and complex correlation was performed from spatial, temporal and directional points of view.In the spatial comparison no significant differences between models and satellite were observed and the error magnitudes of the models are compatible with typical QuikSCAT errors. The suitability of satellite wind estimations for data assimilation in these models must be further investigated. Negative bias of models with respect to the satellite was also confirmed with buoy data, in such a way that models overestimation is smaller than the satellite one. Big errors in wind direction appear in southeasterly and southwesterly winds for both satellite and models, contributing to high RMSE values when compared to buoy data. These errors were mainly attributed to the effect of insufficient spatial resolution near shore.