用科学发展观统领地方铁路工作为地方经济和社会发展做出更大贡献

“十五”期间,在铁路跨越式发展的形势下,全国地方铁路工作取得突出成绩,在地方铁路建设和满足铁路运输需求方面发挥了重要作用。按照铁路“十一五”发展规划的总体思路,地方铁路将加强行业管理力度,结合铁道部与各省、市、自治区签订的铁路建设纪要和地方铁路建设的需求,配合铁路干线的规划搞好地方铁路的规划和建设,促进区域经济的发展。2006年,地方铁路将转变发展观念,创新发展模式,提高发展质量,建立更适应地方铁路的建设模式和运营模式。     

关于扩大铁路利用外资规模的思考

“十五”期间,铁道部积极拓展优惠的外资贷款渠道,对外资贷款项目进行合理安排,外资利用呈现出贷款规模不断扩大、融资渠道不断创新、融资成本不断降低等特点,但是与铁路跨越式发展的巨大资金需求相比仍相差甚远。铁路利用外资面临着良好机遇和巨大挑战。在扩大铁路利用外资规模方面,要继续扩大利用国外优惠贷款如国际金融组织贷款、外国政府贷款和国际商业贷款的规模,不断开发新的贷款品种,积极推进其他融资方式如项目融资和国际融资租赁,加大吸引外商直接投资的力度,并建立健全相关法律法规体系,完善有利于吸引外资的政策环境。     

The subjective measurement of seafarers’ fatigue levels and mental symptoms

Human error is the most important factor causing many ship accidents in maritime industry despite advanced technology and international regulations. Fatigue in seafarers is a well-known problem and a serious cause of ship accidents. There are many factors unique to the marine environment raising the potential for fatigue at sea. Due to the difficulties in measuring human fatigue and also in suggesting fatigue to be a root cause of accident, it is important to devise methods to detect and quantify the fatigue and mental symptoms. In this study, ‘Piper Fatigue Scale’ (PFS) has been used for measuring fatigue level and ‘Symptom Checklist 90- Revised’ (SCL-90-R) for detecting the severity of mental symptoms. Data analyses were performed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software. According to the results of PFS analysis, a slight degree of fatigue is detected in all sub-dimensions of the scale. According to the results of SCL-90-R analysis, the distress of mental symptoms perceived by seafarers is not generally highly detected. In conclusion, the purpose of this study is to determine, by using subjective measurements, the fatigue level and mental symptoms among seafarers caused by working conditions on-board.     

基于边缘角点的SIFT图像配准算法

SIFT由特征提取,特征描述符描述和特征匹配3部分构成,该算子特征提取数目庞大,建立特征描述符运算量高,导致算法效率低.提出了一种SEC (SIFT-Edge-Corner)算法,在图像尺度空间提取角点代替SIFT特征点,并根据角点是边缘曲率极值理论,预先采用Canny算子得到高斯边缘图像金字塔,再提取角点并进行尺度选择.实验结果表明:该算法在保障高准确率的前提下大幅度提高特征提取效率.     

In Search of the Link between Ship Size and Operations

Abstract

Since 1990s the liner shipping industry has faced a period of restructuring and consolidation, and been confronted with a continuing increase in container vessel scale. The impact of these changes is noticeable in trade patterns, cargo handling methods and shipping routes, in short ‘operations’. After listing factors influencing size, growth in container ship size is explained by economies of scale in deploying larger vessels. In order to quantify economies of scale, this paper uses the liner service cash flow model. A novelty in the model is the inclusion of +6000-20-foot Equivalent Unit (TEU) vessels and the distinction in costs between single and twin propeller units on ships. The results illustrate that scale economies have been – and will continue to be – the driving force behind the deployment of larger container vessels. The paper then assesses the link between ship size and operations, given current discussions about the increase in container vessel scale. It is found that (a) ship size and operations are linked; (b) optimal ship size depends on transport segment (deep-sea vs. short-sea shipping, SSS), terminal type (transhipment terminals vs. other terminals), trade lane (East-West vs. North-South trades) and technology; and (c) a ship optimal for one trade can be suboptimal for another.     

动态轨道衡偏载测试的探讨

在原有动态电子轨道衡结构基础上，对机械系统、数据采集系统和称量软件进行改进．增加了偏载测试功能，对完善动态电子轨道衡的称量体系进行了有益的尝试，并已应用于华北铁路公正计量行。     

船舶阻力的相关系数及其应用

在船模拟试验和分析和基础上，提出船模阻换算为实船阻力时可应用相关阻力系数的方法。相关系数法综合考虑了实船和船模的粗糙度和船模的尺度效应，因此其估算的实船阻力一因次法和三因闪法具有更高的严谨。     

Testing port choice models using physical and monetary data: a comparative case study for the Spanish container trades

ABSTRACT

Transport costs are useful explanatory variables in port choice research. Nevertheless, the availability of such information usually poses a problem. Thus, the formulation of an alternative approach, to be used as a proxy of these variables, would be desirable. The objective of this study is to improve the analysis of container port choice using logit models by adopting physical non-monetary indicators based on maritime distance and ship size. The statistical tests of logit models on port choice using these new variables are compared with the result of using cost variables for the same data set of choice positions. The statistical outcome is good and allows us to present this new approach as a contribution to the literature on port choice modeling.     

城市公共交通配置比例合理性分析——以芜湖市为例

城市公共交通对一个城市的健康、和谐发展具有重要作用,然而城市公共交通中出租车和公交车应如何配置比例才能发挥其最大效益,值得探讨.本文针对出租车和公交车的费用、路权占有率进行分析,分析其配置比例,为相关部门发展公共交通提供参考.     

物流中心选址的动态评价方法研究

针对物流中心的选址问题,在分析传统评价方法的基础上,综合主观评价与客观评价,提出一种主客观评价相结合、模糊技术与决策方法相结合的组合赋权动态评价方法。该方法首先建立评价指标体系。然后,对费用指标通过成本模型的启发式算法进行求解,同时结合专家组的定性评价;而在权重的确定上,以G1法确定主观权重,熵值法确定客观权重,并将主、客观方法得到的权重进行集成。从而,既可避免人为的主观能动性,又能对专家意见给予足够的认识。接着,在此基础上,借助指标满意度对定性和定量指标进行综合得到某一阶段的评价结果,最后对各阶段评价结果进行线性叠加来来解决物流中心选址这类多阶段多指标决策问题。