南海神庙国家祭祀的缘起与肇始

中国历代王朝非常重视民众的信仰问题,将王朝权力秩序构建贯穿于民众精神、灵魂的控制．海神祭祀,正是中国封建王朝经由干预涉海民众精神信仰,经略海洋边疆,确立王朝政权合法性信仰,建构王权统治合法性基础,彰显皇家权威,进而维护以皇权为核心的政治统治秩序的整肃政治仪式．     

林则徐与海神祭祀

林则徐是中国近代进步的思想家和伟大的爱国主义者,同时他也是一位虔诚的有神论者．他领导的轰轰烈烈的虎门销烟在中国历史上留下了光辉的一页,也为我们留下了不朽名篇《祭海神文》,向世界宣告了中国禁烟和拒毒的决心．     

关于加强日本海西部海事气象保障服务的建议

随着罗津港使用权的获取,自罗津港出入的中国船舶将不断增多,因此对日本海西部的气象保障服务需求势必不断增加。为加强日本海西部海事气象保障服务水平,使其能够为罗津港附近海域在海运、港口管理和海上作业等方面更好地起到规避风险、提高效益的作用,文中根据对目前日本海西部海事气象保障服务现状的调研结果,指出了当前日本海西部海事气象保障服务存在着区域划分不合理、精细化程度不足以及服务形式过于单一等问题。据此,结合目前国内外海事气象保障服务的思路,提出了针对于日本海西部的海事气象保障服务的建议,可为提升日本海西部海事气象保障服务的升级换代提供一些参考思路。     

舰船海底门过滤器杂物自动清除技术研究

由于近海海水中杂物增多,停靠和航行在港口和近海航道上的舰船容易吸入杂物,从而造成海底门过滤器堵塞,影响海水正常供给,进而影响舰船装备的使用。传统的海底门过滤器结构简单,不具备自动清除杂物的功能,只能靠人工清除。本文提出了一种新型海底门过滤器的技术方案,研制了由旋转式离心过滤器、杂物回流排出机构和智能控制器等组成的海底门杂物自动清除装置,实现了杂物自动清除和海水过滤的目的,为解决海底门过滤器堵塞问题提供了一种新的技术手段。     

海洋运输运价保值市场的研究和创新

国际上创设的多种运费衍生市场，理论上能够起到运费保值的作用，但因市场交易清淡，保值范围非常有限。针对国际集装箱运输市场的特点，本文提出了运费保值市场的架构：创设以做市商为中心的、零售性质的远期运费合同市场，以利于中小型外贸公司规避运价的不确定性，并建立集装箱远期运费协议市场，以便做市商、大货主和大船运公司在衍生市场进行运费保值。     

Multidisciplinary marine environmental database for the Aral Sea

Special unique database management and processing system (Oceanbase) have been developed to work with the large sets of multivariable interdisciplinary oceanographic and environmental data. AralBase system developed to work with the Aral Sea interdisciplinary data is a variety of the OceanBase. AralBase is a special database application with the expanded functionality designed to explore large multidisciplinary oceanographic and environmental data sets. It provides many possibilities for data loading, selection, access, processing, analysis, preview and export. The AralBase has a customizing user-friendly multi-windows interface. A user can create his/her own desktops and open and arrange as many windows as he/she needs.The most valuable feature of AralBase is the integration of many service tools that allow the user to carry out almost all data processing without any additional software. At the moment, the database is loaded with the oceanographic and meteorological data provided by the participants of the Inco-Copernicus Aral-Kum Project.The OceanBase system and the AralBase, in particular, are the very flexible systems, and they can be used in any environmental and oceanographic project or institution dealing with the water environment (ocean, lakes, rivers) data. The preloaded data bases with the Data Explorer system module can be distributed among the interested scientists and experts to simplify drastically their work with data.     

磁处理对南海原油凝点的影响规律研究

通过对原油进行磁处理,可以改善原油的流动性,降低其输送成本。通过控制磁化温度、磁化转速和磁化强度,对模拟南海原油油样进行磁处理后凝点变化规律进行了研究。结果表明:磁处理能降低南海原油的凝点,磁化温度、磁化转速和磁化强度对南海原油的凝点均有影响。在40~80℃的温度区间内,磁化温度越高,磁处理降凝效果越好;在0~100 mT的磁场强度范围内,随着磁化强度增加,凝点具有不断降低趋势;最优的磁化转速为1000 r/min,在此转速下,实验油样凝点降低了4.7%。     

Response of the Black Sea mean level to atmospheric pressure and wind forcing

The response of the Black Sea mean level to atmospheric pressure (AP) and wind forcing is investigated using 5 years of TOPEX/POSEIDON (T/P hereafter) data. A coherence analysis is first applied to mean sea level and pressure to examine the validity of the inverse barometer (IB) approximation over this area. As expected, it reveals very significant deviations from an IB response attributed to the narrowness of the Bosphorus Strait and its limiting role in water exchanges. A comparison is drawn with the Mediterranean Sea case. A single basin version of the Candela analytical model [Candela, J., 1991. The Gibraltar Strait and its role in the dynamics of the Mediterranean Sea. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans 15, 267–300], which takes linear friction at the strait into account, is then used. The model explains a significant part of the T/P mean sea level variance (about 30%, while the IB correction only explains 5% of its variance) and provides a means to correct the altimeter data for the pressure effect much better than the standard IB effect. The response of the mean sea level to wind forcing is then analysed. Coherence analysis between sea level and along-strait wind stress (WS) reveals a significant coherence at periods ranging from 40 to 100 days, with an almost steady phase of 270°. This result is confirmed with a multiple coherence analysis (mean sea level vs. WS and AP). A plausible mechanism is a piling-up of water at the northern or southern end of the strait due to along-strait wind forcing. The associated along-strait pressure gradient would modify the barotropic flow in the strait and then the mean sea level. Using an extension of the Candela model, we show that this mechanism is consistent with T/P mean sea level observations.     

Upwelling mechanisms in the northwestern Alboran Sea

From April 1996 to July 1997, a series of hydrographic surveys were carried out in the Northwestern part of the Alboran Sea to investigate the upwelling that is an almost permanent feature in this area. Simultaneously a mooring line was deployed in the north part of the eastern section of the Strait of Gibraltar to monitor the variability of the Atlantic Jet (AJ). Two mechanisms are shown to be relevant for the upwelling dynamic in the region: the southward drifting of the AJ and wind stress. A linear relation between the angle under which the Jet enters the Alboran Sea and the distance from the coastline to the front associated with the Jet has been found. This angle that has been estimated from the low passed time series of current velocity measured by the uppermost instrument of the moored line has been then used to identify the onshore–offshore excursions of the Jet. Both upwelling mechanisms are identified from hydrographic data, because each of them has associated a different type of water mass, and they take place in different locations. Wind-driven upwelling dominates in coastal zones, on the shelf, while upwelling associated with southward drifting of the AJ prevails further offshore. The amount of sub-surface water brought up to the surface by each one is of the same order. However, wind-driven upwelling contributes to the fertilization of this region in a major extent because water upwelled by wind is richer in nutrient concentration.     

系统功能语法与<老人与海>的语篇教学探析

本文以韩礼德(Halliday M.A.K.)的系统功能语法理论为指导,以海明威(Hemingway E.)的短篇小说<老人与海>中的部分语篇为例,对概念功能取向性叙述语篇和人际功能取向性叙述语篇进行了分析和比较.这对于提高学生的阅读理解水平和写作水平,以及教师的外语教学水平都有一定的指导意义和借鉴作用.