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Stratification in the Rhine ROFI is very variable; the mean water column stability is controlled by the combined effect of tidal, wind and wave stirring which, at times, brings about complete vertical homogeneity. Control by the mixing variables has been elucidated by a regression analysis of mean stratification on the components of the windstress and significant wave height. There is strong partial correlation with all three variables which explains between 56% and 65% of the variance in two time series of observations in October 1990 and September 1992, respectively. During periods of low stirring the water column was observed to re-stratify over the whole inshore region through the relaxation of the horizontal gradients under gravity and with the influence of rotation. Superimposed on the mean stratification there is strong semi-diurnal variation, occurring throughout the stratified region at times of reduced mixing. The amplitude of this semi-diurnal variation is of the same order as the mean stability and frequently results in conditions being mixed or nearly mixed once per tide. This semi-diurnal variation results primarily from cross-shore tidal straining which interacts with the main density gradient to induce stratification. The hypothesis that water column stability is controlled by the combination of these processes has been tested using a reduced physics model which has been successful in reproducing the main features of both the mean and semi-diurnal components of stratification. 相似文献
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海岸植被作为新兴的生态护岸方式受到广泛关注。针对水动力要素对岸滩演变的作用,进行波浪及水深条件对植被岸滩准静态平衡剖面的影响规律研究。采用物理模型试验的方法,通过定性和定量分析,得出不同波高、不同周期规则波对植被岸滩平衡剖面的影响规律,以及波陡与岸滩无量纲尺寸的幂函数关系式和不同水深条件下各无量纲指标的变化趋势。结果显示,波高对平衡剖面的影响规律较明显,波周期及水深的影响规律性相对较弱;波陡与岸滩无量纲尺寸相关性良好,相对淤积尺寸的拟合结果优于冲刷尺度,小波陡区域拟合结果优于大波陡区域。 相似文献
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通过Bertrand寡占模型的分析,确定了港口间的合作协商可以提高彼此的收益,即取得Pareto改进.同时还阐述了基于供应链的4种港口合作关系类型,并提出了我国沿海港口合作必须遵循的5个重要策略. 相似文献
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Ekman transport is studied close to the Galician coast by means of wind data provided by the QuikSCAT satellite from November 1999 to October 2005. Three different coastal zones are identified, western coast from Miño River to Cape Finisterre, middle coast from Cape Finisterre to Cape Ortegal and northern coast, from Cape Ortegal to Cape Peñas. In addition to existence of long-term variations, the periodicity of the transport signal is characterized by an annual component (365 days), a seasonal fluctuation (50–80 days) and a time scale related to passing storms (15–20 days). Although the periodicity of the signal is similar at the three zones due to external meteorological forcing, the Ekman transport is modulated by the presence of the coast, in such a way that seasonal patterns vary in intensity and direction along the coast. Thus, the spring–summer pattern is characterized by high transport at the western coast, pointing seaward perpendicular to the shore-line. The same orientation is observed at the middle coast although with a lower magnitude. Finally, Ekman transport at the northern coast points landward and oblique to the shore-line. The different transport orientations are shown to be responsible for the upwelling probability variation along the coast. On the other hand, the autumn–winter pattern does not show a clear trend with important inter-annual differences showing the high variability of Ekman transport for this period. 相似文献
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毛璞 《青岛远洋船员学院学报》2006,27(1):50-52
采用问卷调查法、访谈法和查阅医务档案等方法,对山东省12所高校有运动损伤史的学生进行调查,调查内容包括:性别、损伤时间、天气、影响因素、治疗手段及愈后情况。对调查结果进行统计学分析,找出造成运动损伤的主要原因,并提出预防措施。 相似文献
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Land Changes and Conflicts Coordination in Coastal Urbanization: A Case Study of the Shandong Peninsula in China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The coastal zone is an interaction region between land and ocean and an interface of geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere, as well as greatly affected by human activities. Driven by economic activities and increased population, urbanization is rapidly developing in coastal zones, and a series of land resource and environmental conflicts have occurred, especially in developing countries at times of economic transition. This article reports a case study of the Shandong Peninsula of East China. We analyze the land-use practices and land cover changes of six cities over a timeframe of nearly a decade. We then review the management conflict issues. The most commonly encountered conflicts fall into three categories: those between expanding constructed land and decreased cultivated land; those between land resource utilization and conservation; and those between increasing demand for land and degrading land quality. All in all, they reflect the fundamental conflicts between short-term economic development gains and long-term food security and ecosystem sustainability. This article puts forward an institutional approach to coordinate these conflicts so as to realize integrated and coordinated coastal management. 相似文献
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This article presents an overview of the relationship between geography and coastal management. It explores the nature of geography as well as the geographical underpinnings of key notions within coastal management, in particular, “coast,” “conflict,” and “integration.” The article considers the integrated coastal management process and tracks the influence of geography on the development of the discipline's theory and practice, as well as its academic infrastructure. The article concludes that although geography both underpins and offers useful insights into coastal management, a challenge remains to explore in greater depth the benefits of applied geographical approaches to the management of coasts. 相似文献