地铁环线列车开行方案的比选研究

分析地铁环线类型及其列车开行方案的特征,提出比选地铁环线列车开行方案时需要考虑的因素与评价指标;以上海轨道交通3、4号线为背景,进行地铁环线列车开行方案比选的实例研究。结果表明,这种列车开行方案对优化地铁环线的行车组织,具有理论意义和实用价值。     

矩形顶管在城市地下过街通道中的应用

地下过街通道在城市重要路段进行明挖顺作施工将严重影响地面交通和地下管线。大截面矩形顶管施工法是解决城市重要道路下施工地下通道的先进施工工艺,并已在众多项目中得到应用。该文通过工程实例介绍了大截面矩形顶管的设计及施工的技术要点。     

Investigating the effect of travel time variability on drivers' route choice decisions in Shanghai,China

Abstract

This paper investigates the effect of travel time variability on drivers' route choice behavior in the context of Shanghai, China. A stated preference survey is conducted to collect drivers' hypothetical choice between two alternative routes with designated unequal travel time and travel time variability. A binary choice model is developed to quantify trade-offs between travel time and travel time variability across various types of drivers. In the model, travel time and travel time variability are, respectively, measured by expectation and standard deviation of random travel time. The model shows that travel time and travel time variability on a route exert similarly negative effects on drivers' route choice behavior. In particular, it is found that middle-age drivers are more sensitive to travel time variability and less likely to choose a route with travel time uncertainty than younger and elder drivers. In addition, it is shown that taxi drivers are more sensitive to travel time and more inclined to choose a route with less travel time. Drivers with rich driving experience are less likely to choose a route with travel time uncertainty.     

上海市轨道交通网络化客流特征分析及启示

分析10年来上海市轨道交通网络化发展过程中的客流变化特征,主要体现为：换乘系数增加、平均运距缩短、既有线路出现客流突变、郊区线客运强度低和客流增长缓慢等。从网络化角度提出未来上海市轨道交通发展的几点启示,包括分散式换乘设计和客流组织以疏解换乘客流、合理增设折返站和适时制定既有线路增能计划、新线分段开通应该至少衔接两条既有线路或至少拥有两座换乘站、郊区线路应该采取区别于市区的轨道制式提供服务等。最后,提出未来上海市轨道交通的发展要侧重于满足功能层次和客流效率的双重要求。     

紧邻防汛墙基坑防汛安全影响研究

随着经济的迅速发展,上海市城区内地下建筑物的数量逐渐增加,规模也逐步增大。地下基坑的开挖对于河道防汛墙的安全将造成影响,从而也引出了一个必须考虑的防汛安全问题。该文基于陆家嘴南滨江三角绿地车库工程项目的分析和总结,将地下工程施工对于防汛墙的影响的实际监测值与计算值进行对比,分析如何控制基坑围护结构周边防汛墙实际变形,避免引起防汛墙的损害。     

Factors affecting car ownership and mode choice in rail transit-supported suburbs of a large Chinese city

As Chinese cities continue to grow rapidly and their newly developed suburbs continue to accommodate most of the enormous population increase, rail transit is seen as the key to counter automobile dependence. This paper examines the effects of rail transit-supported urban expansion using travel survey data collected from residents in four Shanghai suburban neighborhoods, including three located near metro stations. Estimated binary logit model of car ownership and nested logit model of commuting mode choice reveal that: (1) proximity to metro stations has a significant positive association with the choice of rail transit as primary commuting mode, but its association with car ownership is insignificant; (2) income, job status, and transportation subsidy are all positively associated with the probabilities of owning car and driving it to work; (3) higher population density in work location relates positively to the likelihood of commuting by the metro, but does not show a significant relationship with car ownership; (4) longer commuting distance is strongly associated with higher probabilities of riding the metro, rather than driving, to work; (5) considerations of money, time, comfort, and safety appear to exert measurable influences on car ownership and mode choice in the expected directions, and the intention to ride the metro for commuting is reflected in its actual use as primary mode for journey to work. These results strongly suggest that rail transit-supported urban expansion can produce important positive outcomes, and that this strategic approach can be effectively facilitated by transportation policies and land use plans, as well as complemented by timely provision of high quality rail transit service to suburban residents.     

上海国际航运中心内港口的区域协同发展研究

上海洋山深水港的开港,浙江宁波舟山两港的一体化以及江苏8大港口的资源整合,使长三角港口群的竞争与合作关系成为各地政府和企业关注的重要课题。以聚合度这一重要的经济学指标回顾这一地区港口发展的历史情况,并以大量的数据和竞争情报分析来探讨三地港口发展的深层次矛盾,即各地大力发展港口产业的利益着眼点不一致。为了解决这一矛盾,使上海国际航运中心内港口群能够协同发展,不但需要在经济层面上照顾到各方面的利益,更重要的是如何对3个地区的港口进行科学的定位发展。     

上海地铁2号线东延伸接拨段轨道设计研究

研究目的:上海地铁2号线既有线和2号线东延伸在龙阳路与张江高科区间的高架梁上完成拨接,为国内首次在高架梁上整体道床的拨移工程,具有很大的技术难度。本文结合该项目的成功实施,阐述整体道床拨移工程的设计思路及施工方案,对类似工程具有借鉴意义。研究结论:针对该工程封锁时间短、精度要求高、首次实施等特点,比选多种设计方案。3号梁采用了在既有轨枕间浇注承轨台方案,4～7号梁道床采用在梁场预制纵向短枕承轨台的方案,无缝线路采用现场焊接方案,并成功实施拨移工程。该工程对整体道床改造、维修方法的探索,对城市轨道交通延伸线路与既有线的轨道拨接具有重要的参考意义。     

上海港将成为东北亚转运中心

由于缺少集装箱深水港,每年我国沿海都有大量的集装箱从釜山港、高雄港等转运。上海洋山深水港区的建设将打破这个格局。随着洋山深水港区投入营运,将能保证第五代、第六代集装箱船全天候进出。凭借经济腹地优势和箱源优势,上海港将成为亚洲最重要的集装箱航线交汇港。随着上海港的发展,吸引韩国釜山、日本的货物从上海港中转将成为可能。因此,上海港可以像新加坡和香港一样发展成为东北亚轴辐式转运中心和航运交汇式转运中心。     

制度变迁与制度均衡——析上海地方治理过程中外国商会的角色

在中国的诸多商会中,发端于西方发达市场经济下的各地外国商会异军突起,正在中国地方治理中发挥越来越大的作用,但学界对此却缺乏足够的关注。本文以新制度主义为理论基础,通过对上海地方治理过程中外国商会作用的研究,反映商会发展与制度变迁的均衡演进过程。本文的研究得出了两个结论,一方面,上海外国商会作为一种非制度的资源配置方式,有效地弥补了上海地方经济中出现的部分“制度真空”,为还处于中国商会和其他非政府组织的发展提供了有益的经验借鉴;另一方面,由于旧的法律制度和传统的政治文化等所形成的路径依赖而导致的制度非均衡,使得地方治理制度的正式形成面临着诸多困难。