基于CarSim自适应巡航控制建模与仿真

文章首先利用模糊法则建立能够反映驾驶员反应时间的隶属度函数,并根据制动过程理论建立安全距离模型,通过安全距离模型建立期望加速度模型。然后分别建立加速和制动模型,在此基础上制定控制模式转换策略,基于PID算法设计巡航控制器。最后在Matlab/Simulink和CarSim联合仿真环境中验证所设计的控制系统的有效性。     

The future of road safety: A worldwide perspective

Estimates by the World Health Organization suggest that, on a yearly basis, road crashes kill 1.25 million people—nearly 3400 road fatalities per day—and injure up to 50 million. Traffic injuries are not equally spread over the world, however; some countries are hit harder than others, and the chance of being killed in a road crash depends on where one lives. Almost 90% of all traffic casualties occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Globally, the number of fatalities per 100,000 population (mortality rate) ranges from less than 3 to almost 40. The rate is less than 9 in high-income countries (HIC) but averages around 20 in LMIC, with the African region demonstrating the highest rate (26.6). While road safety trends have been positive in HIC over the last few decades, trends in LMIC are not telling a positive story: road fatalities are expected to increase to almost 2 million road fatalities per year by 2020.The United Nations has adopted several resolutions on road safety and proposes actions to tackle the global road safety crisis. Considering the current level of road safety to be unacceptable, the UN has taken several initiatives. One effort, the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011–2020, has generated substantial activity around the world over the last couple of years. Furthermore, it is very encouraging that the UN included road safety in the Sustainable Development Goals that it laid out in September 2015. Road safety is part of the public health agenda and the urban development agenda. Measured in “real actions,” however, the responses so far from the overall global community and individual countries do not suggest that we are already on the right track to bringing down the death toll on roads.The future of road safety is uncertain and definitely not the same for all regions of the world. Countries with a mature road safety approach and an ambition to make further progress are expected to move in the direction of a pro-active approach: a Safe System approach. It is reported that many LMIC, meanwhile, are on the brink of designing road safety strategies and implementing action plans. The international community is willing to support LMIC, but LMIC cannot simply copy successful HIC strategies because local circumstances differ. The principles of successful HIC strategies are applicable, but the priorities and action plans should take root in and align with local conditions.     

某车型多种正面碰撞安全性能性分析

实际生活中的正面碰撞事故往往形式复杂,因此,文章结合2018版C-NCAP和C-IASI两大规程中规定的工况以及生活中常见的正碰事故类型情况,通过仿真分析总结了某车型在四种正面碰撞工况下的安全性能,能够为全面研究汽车正面碰撞的安全性能提供参考借鉴。     

PSPC在船舶建造中的应用研究

通过对涂层性能新标准(PSPC)的分析和研究,在船舶建造的前期策划过程中,从船舶设计、工法设计、生产管理等各方面,分解涂层性能新标准(PSPC)各项要求到各个工序,再通过现场施工检验,进一步优化整个实施体系。     

北海“渔家乐”船舶存在的安全隐患及对策

＂渔家乐＂船舶是由渔船改造的一种休闲渔业船舶。文章介绍了北海旅游市场＂渔家乐＂船舶营运的现状与发展趋势,分析了＂渔家乐＂船舶存在的安全隐患及监督管理上的缺陷,并提出了相应的安全管理对策。     

船舶结构混合变量优化的遗传算法

本文针对船舶结构优化设计中普遍存在的混合离散变量现象，对遗传算法进行了若干探讨和改进，以直接获得实用的最优解。通过两个船舶结构优化的算例，验证了本文方法的有效性。     

基于灰评估的船舶航向优选方法研究

依据船舶耐波性理论计算结果,运用灰色关联综合评估理论对大风浪中船舶耐波性进行了综合评估,然后根据评估结果确定船舶在波浪中以某一航速航行时的优选航向,并通过实例应用与分析表明,使用该方法能为船舶安全航行提供科学指导。     

隐式中墙连拱隧道平行中隔壁工法设计与分析

分析连拱隧道工法研究现状和趋势,结合隐式中墙复合式连拱隧道[1-2]结构形式,提出一种新的连拱隧道施工方法—平行中隔壁法,其无需中墙临时支护,预留岩体保护中墙,减小对环境的影响,大幅提高连拱隧道的施工效率,实现连拱隧道的快捷施工。对平行中隔壁法进行详细设计与分析,并对其进行数值模拟。结果表明:平行中隔壁法可保证隐式中墙复合式连拱隧道施工安全,各上台阶步序开挖和拆撑为控制竖向变形的关键工序,左洞拱腰与中墙连接处和左洞仰拱与中墙连接处是初期支护的安全控制点。     

船舶内共振动力学行为的研究

本文考虑船舶横摇与纵摇的非线性耦合运动，采用摄动分析及数值计算方法，研究了船舶存在内共振时的非线性动力学行为。研究表明，船舶非线性运动的重要特征是响应不对称、调幅调相及饱和等现象，为揭示船舶在高海情下的倾覆机理奠定了基础。     

大开口船波浪载荷长期预报和弯扭强度整船有限元分析

大开口船全船弯扭联合变形与应力的精确计算，必须在整船结构模型上完成。本文以一艘5万吨级大开口船为例，用三维流体动力计算程序进行了波浪随机载荷的长期预报，并在此基础上导出设计波参数组，进而在全船整体结构有限元模型上计算了船体结构在各设计波上的应力分布，并采用嵌入精细舱口角区有限元网络的方法，在整船分析的同时计算出舱口角的应力集中值，获得了船体结构强度的详尽信息。文中阐述了波浪载荷的特点，设计波的确定，浮体完整结构计算的惯性平衡及大开口船的全船计算方法。