Design of bridges against ship collisions

The paper outlines a rational design procedure for bridge piers and pylons against ship collision impacts. Firstly, a set of risk acceptance criteria are proposed. This is followed by a mathematically based procedure for calculation of the probability of critical ship meeting situations near the bridge, and the probability of ship collision accidents caused by human errors as well as technical errors. This first part of the paper leads to identification of the largest striking ship, “design vessels”, a given bridge pier must withstand without structural failure in order for the bridge connection to fulfil the risk acceptance criteria. The final part of the paper is devoted to an analysis of the needed impact capacity for the bridge pylons and piers exposed to ship bow impact loads from these “design vessels”. For a number of different ship types and different tonnage merchant vessels, load – displacement relations for ship bow collisions against rigid walls are derived. Based on these comprehensive numerical results, a new empirical relation is derived which is suited for design against bow collisions. This expression for maximum bow collision forces is compared with a previously published expression for ice-strengthened ships and with existing standards for assessment of bow crushing forces. It is shown that there is need for an update of these existing standards. For design of piers and pylons against local impact pressure loads, a pressure - area relation for bulbous bow impacts is derived.     

大型集装箱船极限强度准则可靠性研究

本文对某一万箱级和某两万箱级的2型超大型集装箱船的极限承载能力分布、静水弯矩分布、波浪弯矩极值预报以及UR S11A要求的极限强度进行了分析，采用改进的一次二阶矩法（FORM），对2型船的失效概率进行计算，旨在验证满足UR S11A极限强度要求的超大型集装箱船的安全水平，以验证此强度准则的可靠性。     

舰船航态监测及预报系统研究

基于随机理论基础的研究方法 ,应用矩函数法求解随机风浪中舰船的非线性横摇响应 ,提出了风浪中舰船安全航行的动稳性简化指标 ,研究建立将理论研究成果与测量技术、数据处理、计算机应用相结合的舰船浮态、稳性监测系统数学模型 ,给出舰船航态监测及预报系统设计方案     

《船长业务信息管理系统》的研究

提出《船长业务信息管理系统》的结构、编制该系统的原则和要求,介绍了编制该系统的步骤,对研制船长业务信息管理系统有重要的指导意义,它弥补了船长业务管理在计算机应用领域的空白,能取得较好的经济效益和社会效益,具有广阔的推广应用前景。     

H∞ control design to include nonlinearities. Second report: nonlinearities in equations of motion

In our first report, a method to deal with the nonlinearity of saturation was proposed. A method of dealing with nonlinearity in equations of motion is proposed in this paper. The nonlinear equations of motion are expressed as variations of linear equations of motion. The nonlinear equations can be linearized around a specific point with a tangential plane or line. Accordingly, nonlinear equations effective in a certain domain can be obtained by variations in this tangential line. A control system with varying elements can be designed using the general H _∞ control theory. As an example, we present a speed and heading changing system for large vessels at low speeds during berthing maneuvers, where the equation will vary during motion. The nonlinearity of the equations is caused by the speeds. The control system is essentially designed to be robust in disturbance and noise. In this example, the saturation in the propeller is also considered using the method proposed in the first report. The results show that the method proposed in this paper is effective. Received: February 20, 2001 / Accepted: December 11, 2001     

升力鳍伺服系统非定常水动力特性的研究

重点研究了升力鳍升力及转矩与鳍角的非定常水动力特性。通过对鳍升力和转矩的非定常水动力特性试验数据的分析,提出了升力鳍系统的鳍角与升力的换算关系应建立在非定常水动力的基础上。以Theodorsen理论为基础,利用水动力试验数据,修正了基于Theodorsen理论的计算升力系数的公式,提出了修正的升力转矩非定常水动力的数学模型,经实例计算仿真结果与水池试验结果比较,验证了该数学模型的正确性。利用该数学模型直接计算升力,可以省去复杂的、可靠性低、误差大的升力测量装置及复杂的升力计算。该研究也进一步充实了升力鳍非定常水动力特性的理论研究,解决了升力计算的问题。     

新型船用2D气动数字阀动态特性仿真分析

利用伺服螺旋机构设计的二级气动数字伺服阀(简称“2D气动数字阀”),简化了传统二级气动伺服阀的结构,但性能却有较大提高[1]。由于该阀是一种闭环机构的结构设计,所以要同时提高它的稳定性、快速性和精度等性能指标是不可能的,改变阀机构的模型结构参数和工作参数对上述性能指标的影响也是非线性、非单调的。因此,为了提高2D气动数字阀的综合性能,必须对其特性作进一步的分析和研究。针对2D气动数字阀左侧端盖是否设置阻尼腔、阻尼腔结构参数变化及阀体结构参数变化对该阀动态特性产生的影响进行仿真分析。     

船用柴油发电机组及其调速系统的动、静态仿真

根据船用柴油机及其调遣系统运行特性，设计了一套数字—物理混合仿真装置，该装置能较好地模拟船用柴油机及其调速系统动、静态特性，为船舶电站的设计、研制和运行提供了有效的试验手段。     

嵌入式CAN/Ethernet网关在船舶信息集成中的应用

研究了船舶集成平台中的信息集成，设计了嵌入式CAN/Ethernet网关，以实现船舶集成平台中CANBus和Ethernet之间的数据交换和信息集成。     

不均匀流中船舶操纵运动仿真模型及应用

本文给出不均匀流中船舶操纵运动数学模型，研究了在不均匀流中作用于船体上流体动力的估算及不均匀流场的生成，提出了不均匀流中船舶操纵运动的仿真方法。最后介绍了在港口引航实践中的两个仿真应用。