防止国内航行船舶封闭处所安全事故的思考

该文分析了国内航行船舶进入封闭处所安全管理的现状和存在的问题,从制度制定、航运公司安全管理、船员训练操作、海事安全监管等角度进行归纳分析,提出了制定完善国内船舶进入封闭处所法规规范、加强对国内航行船舶实施进入封闭处所安全管理的相关建议,希冀对改进国内船舶安全管理水平、减少因进入封闭处所操作导致的伤亡事故具有一定指导意义。     

不同敏感性参数下船舶-碎冰碰撞的船体结构响应

基于我国第七次北极科学考察获得的夏季北极海冰空间分布情况,模拟真实碎冰分布,采用LS-DYNA软件中的流固耦合方法,研究在船舶航速、碎冰尺度、碎冰厚度及碎冰密集度等因素影响下船舶-碎冰碰撞的船体结构响应。结合试验数据得到船体结构的应力、吸能和碰撞力。结果表明：船舶-碎冰的主要碰撞区域为艏部及舷侧的水线附近;在船舶航行于碎冰域时,船体结构的应力、吸能和碰撞力的峰值随碎冰域的船舶航速、碎冰尺度、碎冰厚度及碎冰密集度的增加而增加,但分布情况不同。研究结果为船舶在极地冰区航行提供一定的安全性参考。     

Health externalities of ship air pollution at port – Piraeus port case study

This paper is employing the well-known methodology of impact pathway approach to assess the external costs in human health from ship air pollution at port areas. The passenger port of Piraeus, Greece is the scenery of the study. Piraeus port is in the vicinity of the greater Athens metropolitan area where almost half of the country’s population lives. Hence, this port is the central hub of the Greek coastal passenger ship system which connects the islands of the Aegean Sea with land and is characterized by heavy ship traffic. The case study presented in this paper assesses the annual external cost in human health from air emissions produced by all passenger ships and cruise ships calling the port of Piraeus. Health cost from ships at port has been estimated at both local (Athens metropolitan area) and regional level (entire territory of Greece). Results show that higher costs occur at the local level. The dominant pollutants creating this cost are particulate matter (PM_2.5, and PM₁₀). Overall, the results indicate that the health impact of Piraeus’s passenger port emissions is not negligible; however the cost of PM₁₀ is considerably lower than the corresponded cost deriving from the land based industries of the Athens regional area for which comparison has been available.     

船舶自动避碰仿真平台的构建与测试方法研究

船舶避碰智能决策的自动生成是实现船舶自动避碰的关键技术之一,如何利用船舶操纵模拟器技术来检验现阶段的研究成果是值得研究的课题。根据船舶避碰智能化方法的研究现状,简述船舶避碰智能自动化方法的基本思想;着重论述基于船舶操纵模拟器技术的“航行安全及自动避碰(NSACA)仿真测试平台”的构建及其实现船舶自动避碰仿真试验的方法;并列举一个典型的仿真试验示例加以分析。试验结果表明:该平台已实现了宽水域船舶避碰决策自动生成与避碰过程自动监控的测试,不失为一种行之有效的测试方法;与实船试验相比,这种测试方法具有灵活高效、安全性和经济性等优点。     

地铁车站建筑形式的选择

结合天津地铁5号线淮外路站建筑形式的确定，对岛式站台与侧式站台方案从结构安全、使用功能、经济评价等方面利用价值理论进行综合比较、分析、研究，从而最终确定采用岛式站台方案作为实施方案。     

中国企业进入船舶电子及导航设备产业之形势分析

通过对世界造船业的形势及我国造船业发展状况进行分析,得出船舶配套设备落后是我国目前造船工业发展瓶颈的结论：分析了中国企业进入船舶电子及导航设备产业的形势；确认中国企业应该进入船舶电子及导航设备产业,为中国造船业及中国经济的发展作出贡献；并给出中国企业进入船舶电子及导航设备产业之基本设想。     

某型高速动车组开关侧门故障分析及解决措施

高速动车组的空调通风系统会对车内外产生一定的压力差,而塞拉门的开启与关闭需在一定的压力范围内才能正常工作。针对无法开关塞拉侧门的故障进行了分析,主要是由于车内外的压力差引起,从而对空调通风系统进行了一定的改进和优化,以保证侧门的正常开闭。     

Fully coupled BEM-FEM analysis for ship hydroelasticity in waves

This paper considers the problem of ship hydroelasticity, which is an important technical issue in the design of ultra-large vessels. For the analysis of fluid-structure interaction problems, a partitioned method is applied. The fluid domain surrounding a flexible body is solved using a B-spline Rankine panel method, and the structural domain is handled with a three-dimensional finite element method. The two distinct methods are fully coupled in the time domain by using an implicit iterative scheme. The numerical results of natural frequency and the motion responses of simple and segmented barges are computed to validate the present method through comparisons with experimental and numerical results. This study extends to the application to two real ships, 6500 TEU and 10,000 TEU containerships, for more validation and also observation on the practicality of the present method. Based on this study, it is found that the present method provides reliable solutions to linear ship hydroelasticity problems.     

Reducing emissions through speed optimization in supply vessel operations

This paper examines how optimizing sailing speeds can reduce supply vessels emissions in the upstream supply chain to offshore installations. We introduce several speed optimization strategies to be used in construction of periodic vessel schedules. The strategies consider vessel waiting times before the start of service at installations and at supply base. Tests carried out on real instances from Statoil’s activities on the Norwegian continental shelf indicate that a 25% emissions and fuel cost reductions can be achieved without fleet size increase.     

船舶航行数据远程采集系统

介绍了一种基于卫星通信的船舶数据远程采集系统,该系统采用嵌入式控制设计,组合船舶C站和自动识别系统(AIS)设备组建系统,利用C站的卫星通信功能接收陆地远程控制指令,通过嵌入式控制系统实现对C站和AIS设备的远程控制。采集C站和AIS设备中的船舶航行信息,通过卫星通信将航行信息传送到陆地船舶管理系统,实现了船舶数据的远程采集,为提高船舶自动化和现代化管理水平提供了技术平台。