Vertical random vibration analysis of vehicle–track coupled system using Green's function method

A vertical vehicle–track coupled dynamic model, consisting of a high-speed train on a continuously supported rail, is established in the frequency-domain. The solution is obtained efficiently by use of the Green's function method, which can determine the vibration response over a wide range of frequency without any limitations due to modal truncation. Moreover, real track irregularity spectra can be used conveniently as input. The effect of the flexibility of both track and car body on the entire vehicle–track coupled dynamic response is investigated. A multi-body model of a vehicle with either rigid or flexible car body is defined running on three kinds of track: a rigid rail, a track stiffness model and a Timoshenko beam model. The results show that neglecting the track flexibility leads to an overestimation of both the contact force and the whole vehicle vibration response. The car body flexibility affects the ride quality of the vehicle and the coupling through the track and can be significant in certain frequency ranges. Finally, the effect of railpad and ballast stiffness on the vehicle–track coupled vibration is analysed, indicating that the stiffness of the railpad has an influence on the system in a higher frequency range than the ballast.     

Investigation of the effects of sleeper-passing impacts on the high-speed train

The sleeper-passing impact has always been considered negligible in normal conditions, while the experimental data obtained from a High-speed train in a cold weather expressed significant sleeper-passing impacts on the axle box, bogie frame and car body. Therefore, in this study, a vertical coupled vehicle/track dynamic model was developed to investigate the sleeper-passing impacts and its effects on the dynamic performance of the high-speed train. In the model, the dynamic model of vehicle is established with 10 degrees of freedom. The track model is formulated with two rails supported on the discrete supports through the finite element method. The contact forces between the wheel and rail are estimated using the non-linear Hertz contact theory. The parametric studies are conducted to analyse effects of both the vehicle speeds and the discrete support stiffness on the sleeper-passing impacts. The results show that the sleeper-passing impacts become extremely significant with the increased support stiffness of track, especially when the frequencies of sleeper-passing impacts approach to the resonance frequencies of wheel/track system. The damping of primary suspension can effectively lower the magnitude of impacts in the resonance speed ranges, but has little effect on other speed ranges. Finally, a more comprehensively coupled vehicle/track dynamic model integrating with a flexible wheel set is developed to discuss the sleeper-passing-induced flexible vibration of wheel set.     

车辆路面纵向振动信号再现方法研究

基于自回归滑动平均模型(ARMA)的方法,实现了不同车速和路面条件下的随机振动信号的实验室再现。并对某货车的半主动悬架物理模型进行了路面随机振动信号再现和平顺性试验,通过对实际信号和再现信号的统计数据、累积频率分布(CFD)和功率谱密度(PSD)的效果比较,表明其优点是方法简单、准确度高、周期短、费用低。     

甘肃西洞倒虹吸工程斜拉钢管桥设计

斜拉钢管桥是很好的跨沟建筑物。笔者介绍了西洞倒虹吸工程设计。提出了解决了单面索斜拉钢管桥设计中风振、温度补偿和充水时塔柱摆动等三个问题的具体处理措施。     

基于缸盖振动信号分析的柴油机失火故障检测

用小波软阈值降噪的方法提高了柴油机缸盖振动信号的信噪比。对降噪后的振动信号进行了功率谱分 析,通过比较单缸断油前后功率谱的变化,找到了缸盖燃烧冲击振动的频段。以频段内振动信号的能量与总能量 的比值为诊断参数,识别了柴油机的失火故障。用实测数据证明了该方法的有效性。     

Dynamics of the railway track and the underlying soil: the boundary-element solution, theoretical results and their experimental verification

A combined finite-element boundary-element method is presented in detail to calculate the dynamic interaction of the railway track and the underlying soil. A number of results are shown for ballasted and slab track, demonstrating the influence of the stiffness of the soil and the rail pads on the vertical compliance of the track. The compliance of the track is combined with a simple model of the vehicle giving the transfer function of vehicle-track interaction. An experimental verification of the theoretical results is achieved by harmonic and impulse excitation with and without static (train-) load and by combined measurements of train-track-soil interaction. A clear vehicle-track resonance is found for the slab track with elastic rail pads and for higher frequencies at highspeed traffic, the dynamic axle loads due to sleeper passage are reduced.     

用MATLAB计算发动机悬置系统的固有频率和主振型

介绍了计算发动机橡胶悬置系统固有频率和主振型的过程,利用MATLAB编程并验证程序的正确性。通过程序的运行,能快速获得悬置振动系统的固有特性,为设计人员判断悬置系统是否会发生共振提供理论依据,也为进一步分析系统的响应打下了必要的基础。     

桥梁冲击系数理论研究和应用进展

为推动桥梁冲击系数理论和应用研究的进一步深入开展,从计算方法、理论与数值模拟、现场试验与测试3个方面系统梳理国内外公路、城市和铁路桥梁工程领域冲击系数(或动力系数)的研究进展,并探讨其不足和发展趋势.计算方法方面,从桥梁冲击系数的定义出发,详细阐述典型国家最新规范冲击系数表达式;理论与数值模拟方面,分析了车辆参数、桥梁...     

基于风洞试验的变截面圆灯柱涡激振动与影响因素研究

为了研究某实桥变截面圆灯柱发生的风致二阶振动现象,采用多段薄壁空心铝管焊接并覆盖泡沫管和柔性PVC薄膜的方法,设计制作了满足相似比要求的变截面灯柱气弹模型,解决了低质量比、低阻尼比变截面细长结构风洞试验不便模拟的问题.通过风洞试验,采用非接触式视频测量位移系统和眼镜蛇探针测试了不同风速下灯柱位移响应和尾流风速,重现了灯...     

石首长江公路大桥斜拉索杠杆质量阻尼器应用研究

石首长江公路大桥主桥为主跨820 m的双塔六跨连续不对称空间双索面混合梁斜拉桥,最长斜拉索长约440 m,在外部激励作用下极易发生面内、外振动.针对石首长江公路大桥斜拉索的振动特性,在常规阻尼器的基础上进行构造优化设计,研发了一种双杆倒Y形连接杆斜拉索杠杆质量阻尼器,具有景观协调性好、横向连接刚度大、减振效果好等优点....