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51.
We propose a route choice model that relaxes the independence from irrelevant alternatives property of the logit model by allowing scale parameters to be link specific. Similar to the recursive logit (RL) model proposed by Fosgerau et al. (2013), the choice of path is modeled as a sequence of link choices and the model does not require any sampling of choice sets. Furthermore, the model can be consistently estimated and efficiently used for prediction.A key challenge lies in the computation of the value functions, i.e. the expected maximum utility from any position in the network to a destination. The value functions are the solution to a system of non-linear equations. We propose an iterative method with dynamic accuracy that allows to efficiently solve these systems.We report estimation results and a cross-validation study for a real network. The results show that the NRL model yields sensible parameter estimates and the fit is significantly better than the RL model. Moreover, the NRL model outperforms the RL model in terms of prediction. 相似文献
52.
Most of existing route guidance strategies achieves user optimal equilibrium by comparing travel time. Measuring travel time, however, might be uneasy on an urban road network. To contend with the issue, the paper mainly considers easily obtained inflow and outflow of a link and road capacity as input, and proposes a route guidance strategy for a single destination road network based on the determination of free-flow or congested conditions on alternative routes. An extended strategy for a complex network and a feedback approximation for avoiding forecast are further explored. Weaknesses of the strategy are also explicitly analyzed. To test the strategy, simulation investigations are conducted on two networks with multiple parallel routes. The results indicate that the strategy is able to provide stable splitting rates and to approximate user optimal equilibrium in different conditions, in particular when traffic demand is high. This strategy has potential to be applied in an urban road network due to its simplicity and easily obtained input data. The strategy is also applicable for single destination if some alternatives and similar routes are available. 相似文献
53.
Sebastián Raveau Juan Carlos Muñoz 《Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice》2011,45(2):138-147
This article presents a route choice model for public transit networks that incorporates variables related to network topology, complementing those found in traditional models based on service levels (travel time, cost, transfers, etc.) and users’ socioeconomic and demographic characteristics (income level, trip purpose, etc.). The topological variables represent concepts such as the directness of the chosen route and user knowledge of the network. For both of these factors, the necessary data is endogenous to the modelling process and can be quantified without the need for information-gathering beyond what is normally required for building route choice models. Other novel variables in the proposed formulation capture notions of user comfort such as vehicle occupancy rates and certain physical characteristics of network stations. We conclude that these new variables significantly improve the explanatory and predictive ability of existing route choice specifications. 相似文献
54.
This paper proposes a unified approach to modeling heterogonous risk-taking behavior in route choice based on the theory of stochastic dominance (SD). Specifically, the first-, second-, and third-order stochastic dominance (FSD, SSD, TSD) are respectively linked to insatiability, risk-aversion and ruin-aversion within the framework of utility maximization. The paths that may be selected by travelers of different risk-taking preferences can be obtained from the corresponding SD-admissible paths, which can be generated using general dynamic programming. This paper also analyzes the relationship between the SD-based approach and other route choice models that consider risk-taking behavior. These route choice models employ a variety of reliability indexes, which often make the problem of finding optimal paths intractable. We show that the optimal paths with respect to these reliability indexes often belong to one of the three SD-admissible path sets. This finding offers not only an interpretation of risk-taking behavior consistent with the SD theory for these route choice models, but also a unified and computationally viable solution approach through SD-admissible path sets, which are usually small and can be generated without having to enumerate all paths. A generic label-correcting algorithm is proposed to generate FSD-, SSD-, and TSD-admissible paths, and numerical experiments are conducted to test the algorithm and to verify the analytical results. 相似文献
55.
质量改进小组活动被越来越多的企业的实践证明是一种成熟的质量改进方式,成为企业质量管理活动中不可缺少的重要组成部分。目前．在土木工程领域．QC小组活动的应用有益于规避隐患．降低造价．提高质量。将QC方法应用于怀通高速公路江市段路线方案的优选,取得了较好的效果。 相似文献
56.
Recent studies have demonstrated that Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD), which provides an aggregated model of urban traffic dynamics linking network production and density, offers a new generation of real-time traffic management strategies to improve the network performance. However, the effect of route choice behavior on MFD modeling in case of heterogeneous urban networks is still unexplored. The paper advances in this direction by firstly extending two MFD-based traffic models with different granularity of vehicle accumulation state and route choice behavior aggregation. This configuration enables us to address limited traffic state observability and to scrutinize implications of drivers’ route choice in MFD modeling. We consider a city that is partitioned in a small number of large-size regions (aggregated model) where each region consists of medium-size sub-regions (more detailed model) exhibiting a well-defined MFD. This paper proposes a route guidance advisory control system based on the aggregated model as a large-scale traffic management strategy that utilizes aggregated traffic states while sub-regional information is partially known. In addition, we investigate the effect of equilibrium conditions (i.e. user equilibrium and system optimum) on the overall network performance, in particular MFD functions. 相似文献
58.
列车进路数据是CTC系统分散自律控制的重要依据,列车进路数据的准确与否直接关系着CTC系统整体控制的有效性与安全性。实际应用中,由于列车进路数据本身的多样性及不同车站列车进路数据的差异性较大,导致进路数据制作后的校验工作繁重、效率低。本文结合CTC列车进路控制原理,针对列车进路数据关键点进行拓展性分析,依据车站站场图数据与进路数据各属性之间的关联,找到列车进路数据校验的判断依据,并以列车接车进路和发车进路为例,研究制定数据自动校验方法,达到提高列车进路数据制作效率、保证列车进路数据准确性、强化CTC系统分散自律控制可靠性的目的。 相似文献
59.
60.
文山至蒙自铁路位于云贵高原南缘,地跨文山壮族苗族自治州和红河哈尼族彝族自治州,是国家中长期铁路网规划中西南沿边铁路和云南省规划的\"三横四纵\"铁路网骨架的重要组成部分。沿线分布有文山断陷盆地地貌、中山地貌、岩溶地貌和蒙自湖积盆地地貌,总体地势中间高两侧低,具有\"大高差、多岩溶、强构造\"的典型高原山区地质特点。为确定最优线路方案,采用复杂山区铁路选线的相关理念,结合经济据点、运输组织、工程地质、环境敏感区、建设条件及工程投资等因素,研究了北线、中线和南线三大走向方案。在选线过程中,利用比较成熟的数字地球软件及高清卫星影像,实现了大面积、高精度选线。经比较,南线方案新建线路最短,投资最省,客货运输径路最优,且基本绕避环境敏感点、矿区、暗河发育区,串联了较多的乡镇经济据点。因此,推荐采用南线方案。 相似文献