基于Memetic算法的动态武器目标分配问题研究

考虑时间和空间的影响,动态武器目标分配是一个复杂的问题。针对时间和空间对武器目标分配过程的约束,建立了动态武器目标分配数学模型;提出了一种Memetic算法来解该问题,采用遗传算法作为全局搜索策略,模拟退火算法作为局部搜索策略,根据Any-time算法的特性,设置了一种有限时间元级控制策略来响应分配动态过程。最后,通过仿真实例,验证了该算法的有效性和实用性。     

前言

基于RP(Revealed Preference)和SP(Stated Preference)调查数据，利用潜在类别模型对高铁旅客进行细分，得到旅客对平行车次不同服务属性，如列车运行时间、发车时段和舒适度的偏好程度，并对其进行量化；引入收益管理，以多列车整体收益最大为目标，构建平行车次动态差别定价模型，并设计模拟退火算法进行求解；最后，通过京沪高铁进行实例验证.结果表明：与固定票价进行客票销售相比，所提方案能够适应高峰期和平峰期不同客流特点，提高铁路客票总收益，为高铁平行车次灵活定价提供参考.     

Prediction of residual stresses induced by low transformation temperature weld wires and its validation using the contour method

Welding residual stresses are one of the main factors influencing the engineering properties of welded structures, and should be taken into account during designing and manufacturing products such as ships, bridges, etc. Recently, both computational and experimental methods play a significant role for providing residual stresses. The contour method (CM) became one of the most powerful techniques that can provide measurement of residual stresses normal to a plane of interest. In this method a component is cut at any plane of interest. Displacements normal to the cut surface are measured and then processed. Using the Thermal–Elastic–Plastic Finite Element Method (TEP-FEM), residual stresses after welding can be predicted. As well as, the elastic FEM can be used to reproduce residual stresses from measured longitudinal displacements in the CM.The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of different low transformation temperature (LTT) weld wires using TEP-FEM and the CM. In the simulation part, a computational approach is developed to numerically simulate both of welding and the CM. In the TEP-FEM, phase transformation is considered for LTT welds, additionally volume change and variation of mechanical properties with temperature are considered. In the simulated CM, welded specimens to be measured are replaced by TEP-FE models. Then the procedure of the CM is examined before applying it to real measurements. The simulated CM successfully predicted how the CM would reconstruct the residual stresses if applied experimentally. In the experimental part, welding is conducted using conventional and various LTT weld wires. Longitudinal residual stresses produced due to welding are measured using the CM. The results of TEP-FE simulation and the CM show the effectiveness of the different LTT weld wires in introducing compressive stresses in the weld. It is also observed that the applied LTT weld wires, which have almost the same martensitic transformation start temperatures, do not show big difference in the induced compressive residual stresses in the weld metal.     

Optimality versus run time for isolated signalized intersections

Simulation-based optimization of traffic signal timing has become pervasive and popular, in the field of traffic engineering. When the underlying simulation model is well-trusted and/or well-calibrated, it is only natural that typical engineers would want their signal timing optimized using the judgment of that same model. As such, it becomes important that the heuristic search methods typically used by these optimizations are capable of locating global optimum solutions, for a wide range of signal systems. However off-line and real-time solutions alike offer just a subset of the available search methods. The result is that many optimizations are likely converging prematurely on mediocre solutions. In response, this paper compares several search methods from the literature, in terms of both optimality (i.e., solution quality) and computer run times. Simulated annealing and genetic algorithm methods were equally effective in achieving near-global optimum solutions. Two selection methods (roulette wheel and tournament), commonly used within genetic algorithms, exhibited similar effectiveness. Tabu searching did not provide significant benefits. Trajectories of optimality versus run time (OVERT) were similar for each method, except some methods aborted early along the same trajectory. Hill-climbing searches always aborted early, even with a large number of step-sizes. Other methods only aborted early when applied with ineffective parameter settings (e.g. mutation rate, annealing schedule). These findings imply (1) today’s products encourage a sub-optimal “one size fits all” approach, (2) heuristic search methods and parameters should be carefully selected based on the system being optimized, (3) weaker searches abort early along the OVERT curve, and (4) improper choice of methods and/or parameters can reduce optimization benefits by 22–33%.     

应急救援中多目标车辆路径问题研究

针对突发事件下应急物流的特点,综合考虑救援时间最短、救援成本最低的应急物资车辆路径调度方法。相对于传统的车辆路径模型,模型中引入道路通畅率这一重要因素作为约束条件,建立适合于解决实际问题的模型与算法。实例结果表明:相对于传统的应急车辆路径求解方法,该模型与算法可有效地缩短救援时间,减少救援成本。     

区段站阶段计划自动编制模型和算法研究

阶段计划是铁路车站作业计划之一,目前仍采用手工编制方法,在编制过程中,通常都要耗费大量的时间、精力,劳动强度大。相反如果采用自动化编制方法,将有效地提高编制速度及质量,进而提高路网通过能力,并能在很大程度上减轻车站调度员的劳动强度。分析区段站各种作业过程。阐述启发式算法理论基础,扼要介绍遗传算法、模拟退火算法及图的着色理论的主要思想及其在作业计划编制中的应用。应用遗传算法中的求解数值优化理论,对建立的车流推算模型求解。应用图的着色理论建立调车机车(调机)与到发线应用模型,并用遗传算法和模拟退火算法安排调…     

基于用户平衡分析的旅客列车始发时间分布优化

设计了基于旅客列车始发时间分布的旅客出行选择网络，并研究了该网络上旅客的各项出行费用，以旅客出行总费用最少为优化目标，建立了车站旅客列车始发时间分布的双层规划模型，同时设计了模拟退火启发式算法。模型反映了列车能力对客流分布的影响和拥挤条件下的旅客群体选择行为。算例分析结果表明，采用该模型与算法取得较好优化效果。     

遗传算法在自航水雷航路规划中的应用研究

简要介绍了遗传算法在自航水雷航路规划中的应用，分析了可能产生的问题及原因。借鉴模拟退火的思想，研究并提出了改进的遗传模拟退火算法并用以解决自航水雷航路规划问题。仿真结果表明这种算法能够有效地提高航路规划的计算速度和保证航路规划的质量。     

UM71无绝缘轨道电路的模拟制作、联锁试验及故障查找

本文介绍了UM71无绝缘轨道电路模拟电路的制作和调试的方法和步骤,并对联锁关系和故障查找进行了分析。     

An Effective Hybrid Optimization Algorithm for Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem

IntroductionVehicle routing problem(VRP)is a well-known combinatorial optimization problem and isalso a focal problem of distribution managementwithin the area of service operations managementand logistics.Capacitated vehicle routing problem(CVRP)is a very hard vehicle routing problem.The problem is to simultaneously determine theroutes for several vehicles from a central depot to aset of customers,and then return to the depotwithout exceeding the capacity constraints of eachvehicle.In prac…