自平衡试桩法在上海铁路南站工程中的应用

在钻孔灌注桩桩基工程中,为确保工程安全,需要进行静载试验。传统的静载荷试桩法费力、费时、费钱。现通过在上海铁路南站工程中进行自平衡试桩法测试桩的承载力,并与锚桩试桩法测试结果进行对比,取得了满意的结果。测试结果表明,自平衡试桩法与常用的锚桩试桩法相比,具有节约工期、节省测试费用、对施工影响小等特点。     

大型滚装船弯扭强度整船有限元分析

以大型滚装船为研究对象,采用现代的三维全船有限元分析技术及DNV船级社的SESAM软件系统,为全面研究整船弯扭强度,建立了全船有限元结构模型、质量模型、水动力计算模型;应用三维辐射—绕射理论和有限元程序进行波浪载荷的长期预报,在此基础上确定设计波参数;对全船结构有限元模型在设计波载荷作用下分析计算得到各种工况下船体结构的应力、变形响应,获得船体结构强度特点,对该类船舶的结构设计优化和强度分析有一定的参考价值,同时对其他类型船舶弯扭强度全船有限元分析有借鉴意义。     

Difference in ship motion and wave load in long and short crested irregular waves北大核心CSCD

[Objective]To investigate ship motion and load responses in realistic 3D waves and overcome the limitations of the traditional 2D wave assumption, this paper develops a method for predicting ship motion and load responses in short-crested waves. [Method]The long- and short-term responses of ship motion and load in long- and short-crested waves are numerically predicted using the spectral analysis and statistical probability methods, respectively. The influence of directional function on ship response is also numerically analyzed. Moreover, tank model tests and a large-scale model sea trial are comparatively conducted to validate the difference between ship response and statistics in long- and short-crested irregular waves. [Results]The results show that when navigating against the waves in the same sea condition, the long-crested wave assumption overestimates the statistical mean value of ship load response, but underestimates extreme load in real seas. For long-crested waves, the ship motion and acceleration power spectrum is concentrated around a certain frequency band. [Conclusion]Ship motion and load responses in realistic 3D waves are significantly different from those in 2D long-crested waves. The directional function of short-crested waves also has a significant effect on ship motion and load responses. © 2023 The Author(s).     

Wave load computation in direct strength analysis of semi-submersible platform structures

A wave load computation approach in direct strength analysis of semi-submersible platform structures was presented in this paper. Considering the differences in shape of pontoon, column and beam, the combination of accumulative chord length cubic parameter spline theory and analytic method was adopted for generating the wet surface mesh of platform. The hydrodynamic coefficients of platform were calculated by the three-dimensional potential flow theory of the linear hydrodynamic problem for platform with low forward speed. The equation of platform motions was established and solved in frequency domain, and the responses of wave-induced loads on the platform can be obtained. With the interpolation method being utilized, the pressure loads on shell elements for finite element analysis(FEA) were converted from those on the hydrodynamic computation mesh, which pave the basis for FEA with commercial software. A computer program based on this method has been developed ,and a calculation example of semi-submersible platform was illustrated. Analysis results show that this method is a satisfying approach of wave loads computation for this kind of platform.     

轴力作用下X型焊接管节点热点应力的分布规律

海洋平台中的焊接管节点的疲劳寿命是由热点应力的大小和分布决定。热点应力的大小决定了管节点在疲劳失效前所能承受的循环荷载的次数,而热点应力的位置则决定了疲劳裂纹的萌生位置和扩展方式。文中采用有限元方法分析了承受轴向拉力作用的X型焊接管节点在焊缝周围的热点应力的分布情况,通过对112个X节点进行的模型分析,研究了节点几何参数对热点应力大小和分布规律的影响。     

半潜式火箭发射平台的水动力性能

本文研究的火箭发射平台主体,为六立柱半潜型式。波高相对于特征长度为小量,考虑到波浪对平台主体大尺度结构的辐射和绕射作用,采用三维频域势流理论对其波浪载荷进行计算分析。对于横撑等小尺度构件,其直径远小于波长,波浪的绕射效应可以被忽略,而粘性作用十分重要,采用了修正的Morison方程对其求解。计算分析结果将为火箭发射平台水动力性能研究提供参考。     

大面积堆载对轨道吊桩基础的影响

由于拟建露天卷钢堆场地基土持力层为深厚淤泥及淤泥质土,大面积卷钢堆载引起土体产生的竖向及侧向位移将严重影响堆场轨道吊桩基础的安全和使用,故必须对地基土进行处理。采用有限元数值分析的方法,对未处理、水泥搅拌桩处理、堆载预压3种情况下大面积卷钢堆载对轨道吊桩基础影响进行分析,得出3种情况下桩基的受力及变形情况。通过多方面对比分析,最终确定适合本场地的地基处理方案。     

极地船舶吊舱结构冰载荷计算方法研究

该文根据国外船级社规范,初步探索了一套适用于吊舱结构冰载荷应用分析的计算方法.选取典型吊舱作为计算对象,对两种典型冰况作用条件下的吊舱包结构开展有限元计算工作,验证了本方法的工程适用性.与采用挪威船级社和中国船级社新推荐方法得到的吊舱冰载荷计算结果相比,本方法得到的计算结果没有出现非常离散的情况,差别不大.     

壳单元和实体单元模拟爆炸荷载作用钢板动力响应的差异性比较

以舰船舱室钢板为研究对象,利用动力分析有限元程序Ls-dyan,分别采用壳单元和实体单元2种建模方式对爆炸荷载作用下钢板的动力响应进行数值模拟研究.对比钢板的应力分布云图、中线上各点最大位移曲线图,发现2种方法计算结果与试验值大致吻合,采用壳单元建模在保证计算结果准确性的前提下可以大大提高计算效率.如何正确地选择单元进行分析是数值模拟很重要的一个环节,通过对壳单元和实体单元计算结果的初步对比,为舰船舱室数值模拟研究如何选取单元提供参考.     

地面施工荷载对地铁暗挖车站影响分析

针对北京地铁7号线广渠门内站施工场地限制,施工中车站上方安置施工机械及堆载土体,造成较大的地面附加施工荷载的情况,建立地面施工荷载对地铁车站的影响分析计算模型,并采用有限元法进行求解分析。研究不同地面施工荷载下地铁车站施工引起地层变形及支护结构受力情况,并对地基承载力进行验算。针对地面施工荷载导致车站地基承载力不足情况,提出采用注浆方案加固地基。