沿海地区软土路基处理方案研究

为解决辽宁沿海产业地区及周围地区软土路基处理问题,提出了路基开槽填筑灰土山皮石和底层戗灰+山皮石填筑这两种处理方案加固软土路基土,该处理方法能保证路基的长期稳定性和耐久性.     

地铁盾构双隧道施工诱发的地层变形规律分析

以大连地铁202标段双隧道盾构施工工程为背景,考虑土体的分层以及隧道施工过程中盾构推进、注浆和衬砌拼装等工序,运用FLAC3D软件对盾构双隧道同向先后施工过程进行三维精细数值模拟,并与现场测量数据进行对比分析.结果表明:先施工的右线隧道掘进完成后,隧道上方各层土体越靠近地表,盾构施工引起的地层竖向变形越小,而地层的沉降槽宽度越大,地表沉降槽宽度系数为0.56;近距离双隧道同向先后开挖时,土体相互扰动,地层距离隧道轴线的高度越小,地层竖向变形非对称“双峰”特征越明显,岩层的成层性使得双峰特征消失时岩层距离隧道轴线的高度有差别;两隧道中心线和轴线附近地表有不同方向水平变形,此区域的桩基、剪力墙在隧道掘进时将受到附加剪切作用,易出现裂缝,故在施工中应做好切实的防护措施;监测结果验证了数值模拟方法的正确性,在盾构掌子面距离监测点12 m范围内,地表沉降发展得较快.     

高速铁路桩网结构加筋网垫受力计算方法

基于高速铁路桩网结构各单元间的协调工作机理,对加筋网垫承担的竖向静动荷载及其引起的加筋体拉力、边坡推力效应引起的加筋体拉力等计算方法进行研究.土拱效应引起的桩间土竖向应力采用球形拱假设计算,动荷载引起的竖向应力采用Boussinesq假设计算;加筋体拉力由竖向荷载和边坡推力效应两部分引起,对于竖向荷载引起的拉力采用悬索理论计算,并首次考虑加筋体初始挠度的影响;计算边坡推力效应时,不仅考虑路基边坡主动土压力的产生和平衡,还综合考虑基底摩擦的协同工作.加筋网垫受到的拉力全部由加筋体承担.作为主要加筋体材料的土工格栅加筋体的最低强度可取使用年限内发生失效应变时的强度,但应考虑工程施工和环境等因素的影响.     

关于土壤渗滤技术在净化高速公路附属区污水的应用探讨

根据高速公路沿线环境条件及附属区污水水质特点,利用土壤渗滤技术处理高速公路附属区生活污水.研究结果表明,该技术在高速公路污水处理中具有处理效果好、水质稳定、处理水可进行中水回用等优点,具有很好的应用推广前景,能取得较好的社会效益和经济效益.     

ISS离子稳固剂稳定土反应机理及其应用探讨

探讨了ISS离子稳固剂稳定土的反应机理,通过对ISS离子稳固剂稳定低剂量石灰土的试验段分析,并通过室内试验确定了ISS离子稳固剂对3种土的抗压强度和抗折强度的改良效果,最后阐述了其作为土壤稳固剂的应用价值和社会经济效益。     

新铁高速公路软土地基碎石桩加固处理

本文通过对新铁高速公路软土区的地质情况和特点的分析,确定采用碎石挤密桩来加固软土地基。由碎石桩设计、施工过程、工艺控制、质量检查等进行详细的阐述;施工后通过对桩基、装间土和复合地基承载力的检测试验,证明该处高速公路碎石桩能够满足地基处理的要求。     

可液化土层对地下结构地震反应的影响研究

为了研究砂土液化大变形对地铁车站结构产生的重要影响,使用FLAC~(3D),采用PL-Fin土体液化本构模型,总结地下结构位于可液化土层时,液化土层从液化初始到产生液化大变形时刻,土体液化、结构位移变形和结构周围土体应力与结构应力变化规律,并与非液化场地下的地下结构地震反应进行对比。主要结论有:地铁车站结构从底部开始液化,引起两侧土体的移动和结构的倾斜上浮;由于结构两侧土体液化较轻微,结构左侧墙临近土体应力及结构应力在液化和非液化场地中的变化规律比较类似,底部土体液化较严重导致液化地层中结构底板及底板相邻土体应力变化同非液化土层存在较大差异。     

Comparative life-cycle assessment of conventional (double lane) and non-conventional (turbo and flower) roundabout intersections

This research studied and compared different construction techniques for the road subgrade, embankment and pavement of different types of roundabout intersections in order to assess their environmental sustainability. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was carried out on double lane, turbo- and flower roundabouts.We considered virgin materials and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) for the pavement construction. Also the environmental effects due to in situ lime stabilization of fine-grained soils were assessed in order to reduce the use of virgin material in road subgrades.The use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) can lead to a significant reduction in pollutant emissions and energy consumption (especially due to the lesser material transport) – though with a slightly different impact according to the different percentages employed – compared to the pavements constructed with virgin materials. The same consideration can be made for fine soils with in situ lime stabilization: on the one hand, the technique allows to improve significantly the mechanical properties of soils which would be otherwise dumped and, on the other, to provide considerable environmental benefits. The life cycle assessment of the pavement was carried out with the help of the PaLATE software (by comparing different maintenance scenarios) while emissions and energy consumption in the use phase at intersections were evaluated by means of closed-form models (to estimate vehicle delays and speeds of vehicles) and the COPERT software.Finally, the generalized costs covered in the whole life cycle of roundabouts (i.e. sum of construction, maintenance and environmental costs) were assessed and associated to the different construction options.     

Foundation damping for monopile supported offshore wind turbines: A review

Today, an important challenge for offshore wind energy is to design efficient and reliable offshore wind turbines (OWTs). The overall damping of OWTs plays an important role in the design process as it limits the amplitude of the OWT dynamic response at frequencies near resonance. Therefore, an accurate estimation of OWTs damping is necessary for the efficient design of these systems. The foundation damping is one of the main sources overall turbine damping and is the least well understood. This paper presents a critical review of recently published studies on foundation damping for OWTs on monopiles and explains how soil damping contributes to the total damping of OWTs. It also reviews the main methods that have been used for the estimation of foundation damping in numerical and experimental studies. In addition, the importance of damping to the OWTs fatigue life is discussed. Finally, a discussion is provided on the challenges to be overcome and recommendations for the accurate estimation of foundation damping.     

大直径SMW工法设计与施工关键技术分析

深基坑支护设计,不仅要保证基坑内的正常作业,而且要防止基坑及坑外土体的移动,确保基坑附近建筑物、道路、管线等的正常使用.因此,深基坑围护结构的安全性显得尤为重要.在众多围护方法中,SMW工法(型钢水泥土搅拌墙)以其适用性强、围护成本低、施工周期短而倍受关注.文章结合工程实践,对大直径SMW工法在软土地基深基坑支护中的支护结构设计及施工要点及难点进行了分析和探讨.