尾涡/固体边界交互作用下表面压力的数值模拟

当强劲的尾涡撞击到结构时,其表面压力将呈现大幅的变化.这种大幅变化的脉动压力是引起结构震动以及水动力噪声的主要原因之一.许多相关的工程领域都希望使用相对经济的方法对此压力脉动进行有效地预报.本文介绍一种已经嵌入一面元法程序(PROPELLA)的尾涡砰击模型,及其在一吊舱桨尾涡撞击支柱诱导表面压力模拟中的应用.由模拟的时均表面压力分布和相均压力的时序变化与对应的实验数据的比较来看,数值模拟与试验结果吻合较好.     

Structural-acoustic optimization of stiffened panels based on a genetic algorithm

For the structural-acoustic radiation optimization problem under external loading,acoustic radiation power was considered to be an objective function in the optimization method. The finite element method(FEM) and boundary element method(BEM) were adopted in numerical calculations,and structural response and the acoustic response were assumed to be de-coupled in the analysis. A genetic algorithm was used as the strategy in optimization. In order to build the relational expression of the pressure objective function and the power objective function,the enveloping surface model was used to evaluate pressure in the acoustic domain. By taking the stiffened panel structural-acoustic optimization problem as an example,the acoustic power and field pressure after optimized was compared. Optimization results prove that this method is reasonable and effective.     

Numerical prediction and mitigation of out-of-plane welding distortion in ship panel structure by elastic FE analysis

As an application to predict and mitigate the out-of-plane welding distortion by elastic FE analysis based on the inherent deformation theory, a panel structure of a pure car carrier ship is considered. The inherent deformations of different types of welded joints included in this ship panel structure are evaluated beforehand using thermal elastic plastic FE analysis. Applying idealized boundary condition to focus on the local deformation, elastic FE analysis shows that the considered ship panel structure will buckle near the edge and only bending distortion is dominant in the internal region. In order to mitigate out-of-plane welding distortion such as buckling and bending, straightening using line heating is employed. In the internal region, only inherent bending with the same magnitude as welding induced inherent bending is applied on the opposite side of welded joints (fast moving torch). On the other hand, only in-plane inherent strain produced by line heating is introduced to the edge region to correct buckling distortion (slow moving torch). The magnitude of out-of-plane welding distortion in this ship panel structure can be minimized to an accepted level.     

计及残余应力和附连板屈曲后应力分布变化影响的船体板架加强筋侧向屈曲

作为薄壁杆件,船体加筋板架中的加强筋在轴向压力的作用下可能发生绕定轴的侧向屈曲.本文采用了Faulkner残余应力模型和经验公式计算附连板屈曲以后应力分布的变化.在用能量法求解加筋板的侧向屈曲弹性临界应力时,在广义特征值方程中计及残余应力和附连板屈曲后应力分布变化的影响.     

真空绝热板及其在冷藏集装箱上的应用研究

介绍了真空绝热板的结构性能、传热机理以及芯材、高阻隔薄膜、吸气剂的制作选择,以及真空绝热板的制作流程.真空绝热板因导热系数极低,应用于冷藏集装箱预计可以节能30%以上.     

Prediction of Hydrodynamic Performance of Marine Propellers by Surface Panel Method

The potential based low order surface panel method is used to predict the hydrodynamic performance of marine propellers. In present method the hyperboloidal quadrilateral panels are employed to avoid the gap between the panels. The influencecoefficients of panels are calculated by Morino's analytical formulations for increasing numerically calculating speed.The pres-sure Kutta condition is satisfied on the trailing edge of propeller blade by Newton-Raphson iterative procedure.Therefore the     

基于速度势迭代的面元法预报对转桨性能

采用基于诱导速度势迭代的面元法预报对转桨的定常水动力性能,在计算中,前桨和后桨的相互干扰通过影响系数实现;前桨尾涡面距后桨表面太近时的异变影响系数通过Lagrange插值求出。同时采用基于诱导速度迭代的面元法预报对转桨水动力性能,并与基于诱导速度势法进行对比,计算结果表明,采用诱导速度势迭代的方法计算的结果与试验值吻合良好。与基于诱导速度迭代的方法相比,计算结果精确,且可以节省计算时间。     

船体背液板架碰撞损伤机理研究

为研究舱内液货对船体结构损伤机理的影响,利用数值仿真软件MSC.Dytran,计算出背液板架流固耦合力、碰撞力、损伤变形以及能量吸收等,并与背空板架进行了对比分析.结果表明,背液板架的损伤机理明显区别于背空板架,流固耦合力使得结构的变形模式发生了改变、碰撞力增加、极限撞深减小.     

透浪系数计算方法的探讨

对于透空式码头来说,准确计算透浪系数推算港内波高,是进行结构设计的关键因子.结合东营港扩建工程桩基挡板透空码头的结构尺度参数及波浪参数,在Wiegel、Kriebel等学者理论分析的基础上,对透浪系数Kt值的计算作了进一步的理论推导,得出了较为适用的透浪系数计算公式,分别与Wiegel公式、Kriebel公式、挡板间距△W=0.0时的试验结果进行了比较.结果表明,计算得到的Kt值是合理的,并提出了分区间计算透浪系数的设想,可供工程设计时参考.     

穿浪双体船兴波阻力数值计算

利用基于面元法的船舶兴波阻力和兴波波形的势流计算方法,将CFD与CAD技术联系在一起,数值计算高速穿浪双体船的兴波阻力与兴波波形。兴波阻力的计算与实船的剩余阻力曲线趋势符合,对实船船型参数的选择和优化有一定的指导意义。