试用流体力学分析沥青混合料的粒料运动

从粒料运动角度出发,提出用流体力学的研究方法来探讨沥青混合料及其运动,寻求改善沥青混合料离析、提高沥青路面施工效果的方法。突破了从宏观上研究沥青混合料的传统方法,提出以流体力学研究混合料的粒料运动的全新研究方法。     

超大跨度斜拉桥的横向约束体系

为了确定超大跨度斜拉桥的合理横向抗震约束体系,以苏通长江公路大桥为研究对象,采用非线性时程分析方法,分析了3种边墩、梁横向约束体系即横向滑动体系、全限位体系和减隔震体系(流体黏滞阻尼器连接体系)对超大跨度斜拉桥地震反应的影响,重点研究了阻尼器的合理设置方式及阻尼器参数。结果表明:对于超大跨度斜拉桥,横向滑动体系和全限位体系均不是理想的抗震体系;而在边墩、梁之间设置横向流体黏滞阻尼器可以显著减小边墩的横向内力以及梁端的横向位移,流体黏滞阻尼器应分散设置在各边墩上。     

某乘用车空调系统配气比及气动噪声分析优化

空调系统设计与布置合理与否直接影响乘员舱内舒适性。空调系统设计要求配气比必须满足标准要求,而且风道的气动噪声必须控制在合理的范围内。本文通过对某乘用车空调系统原方案进行配气比及气动噪声分析,对空调系统风管内流场分布以及气动噪声源产生与传播进行了详细分析,从而提出两种优化方案。通过配气比及噪声试验,3#优化方案满足配气比标准要求,并且驾驶员右耳处噪声较原方案降低3.7dB,效果显著。     

Tractor–semitrailer model for vehicles carrying liquids

This article presents a model for solving solid–fluid interactions in vehicles carrying liquids. A tractor–semitrailer model is developed by incorporating suspension systems and tire dynamics. Owing to the solid–fluid interaction, equations of motion for the vehicle system are coupled. To simplify the complicated solution procedure, the coupled equations are solved separately using two different codes. Each code is analyzed separately; but as the parameters of the two codes depend on each other, the codes must be connected at the end of each time step. To determine the dynamic behavior of the system, different braking moments are applied. As the braking moments increase, braking time decreases. However, it turns out that increasing the braking moment to more than a certain level produces no significant results. It is also shown that vehicles carrying fluids need a greater amount of braking moments in comparison to vehicles carrying solids during braking. In addition, as the level of the fluid inside the tanker increases, from one-third to two-third of the tanker’s volume, the sloshing forces applied to the tanker’s walls increase. It was also concluded that the strategy used in this article to solve for the solid–fluid interaction by incorporating vehicle dynamic effects represents an effective method for determining the dynamic behavior of vehicles carrying fluids in other critical maneuvers.     

Semi-active suspension systems for railway vehicles using magnetorheological dampers. Part II: simulation and analysis

In this paper, the semi-active suspension system for railway vehicles based on the controlled (MR) fluid dampers is investigated, and compared with the passive on and passive off suspension systems. The lateral, yaw, and roll accelerations of the car body, trucks, and wheelsets of a full-scale railway vehicle integrated with four MR dampers in the secondary suspension systems, which are in the closed and open loops respectively, are simulated under the random and periodical track irregularities using the established governing equations of the railway vehicle and the modelled track irregularities in Part I of this paper. The simulation results indicate that (1) the semi-active controlled MR damper-based suspension system for railway vehicles is effective and beneficial as compared with the passive on and passive off modes, and (2) while the car body accelerations of the railway vehicle integrated with semi-active controlled MR dampers can be significantly reduced relative to the passive on and passive off ones, the accelerations of the trucks and wheelsets could be increased to some extent. However, the increase in the accelerations of the trucks and wheelsets is insignificant.     

Semi-active engine mount design using auxiliary magneto-rheological fluid compliance chamber

Engine mounts are used in the automotive industry to isolate engine and chassis by reducing the noise and vibration imposed from one to the other. This paper describes modelling, simulation and design of a semi-active engine mount that is designed specifically to address the complicated vibration pattern of variable displacement engines (VDE). The ideal isolation for VDE requires the stiffness to be switchable upon cylinder activation/deactivation operating modes. In order to have a modular design, the same hydraulic engine mount components are maintained and a novel auxiliary magneto-rheological (MR) fluid chamber is developed and retrofitted inside the pumping chamber. The new compliance chamber is a controllable pressure regulator, which can effectively alter the dynamic performance of the mount. Switching between different modes happens by turning the electrical current to the MR chamber magnetic coil on and off. A model has been developed for the passive hydraulic mount and then it is extended to include the MR auxiliary chamber as well. A proof-of-concept prototype of the design has been fabricated which validates the mathematical model. The results demonstrate unique capability of the developed semi-active mount to be used for VDE application.     

电流变转向控制器的研究

研制了一种电流变转向器，介绍它的工作原理，结构和控制方法。为了模仿人的行为，采用步进电机，实现多种波形的转动。利用NI虚拟仪器，建立了电流变转向控制机构的自动控制系统。     

内燃机内流动的研究

较系统地从流动试验测试手段和装置、流动数值模拟3个方面叙述了目前该领域内研究的现状和发展趋势。对内燃机几种重要的流动形式的形成及其对内燃机性能的影响进行了归纳,特别是将燃油射流形成的流动作为重要的流动形式之一进行了论述;总结了内燃机流动试验研究的几种测试手段和装置;介绍了几种流动数值模拟软件及其特点。     

2车道公路隧道射流风机空间布局优化的CFD分析

为解决2车道公路隧道射流风机的空间布局优化问题,依托明堂山隧道工程,采用以往公路隧道射流风机通风效果数值模拟研究中不同的边界条件,将隧道出入口边界条件均设为大气压强,并不预先给定隧道入口风速大小。对影响射流风机升压力大小的因素,如风机纵向间距、风机布置高度、风机横向间距展开讨论,得到： 风机应设在距建筑限界15～30 cm高度处;风机横向净距应设为1.5～2倍风机直径;风机纵向间距应设在150 m以上。明堂山隧道实际风机布置方式所采用的参数均在优化结果范围内,按隧道实际长度及设计射流风机台数建模,模拟结果表明风机在进行优化布局后,隧道通风效果能够达到设计要求。     

Exact Solution of Unsteady Flow of Viscoelastic Fluid in a Pipe with Fractional Maxwell Model

The unsteady flow of viscoelastic fluid in a cylindrical pipe was investigated using the fractional Maxwell model. Two special cases of unsteady pipe flow were expressed. The first is start-up flow, and the second is oscillating flow. The exact solution of start-up flow under a constant pressure gradient was obtained by using the theories of Laplace transform and Fourier-Bessel series for fractional derivatives. The exact solution of oscillating flow was obtained by utilizing the separation of variables.