公路交通引起的地下深层土体振动实测及其衰减分析

为了研究公路交通荷载引起的振动随深度的衰减规律,分别对深度为5.5 m.19.5 m、34.5 m.39.5 m的孔中测点以及孔口附近地面测点进行了位移振动同步测试,并在时域和频域上分别对有车工况和无车工况下的实测数据进行了分析。结果表明:随着深度的增加,交通振动中的高频部分会迅速衰减.低频部分则衰减缓慢,铅垂方向位移衰减因子相比水平方向衰减因子衰减得更快;有车工况下,铅垂方向位移幅值在深度39.5 m处仅为地面的15%.振动衰减已很明显。     

船舶齿轮箱用磁流变弹性体动力吸振器的仿真研究

船舶齿轮箱是船舶动力装置的重要传动装置,同时齿轮箱振动又是船舶振动的主要振源之一。因此,对其安装有效的吸振装置很有必要。本文设计了一款用于齿轮箱吸振的磁流变弹性体动力吸振器模型,通过ANSYS软件对其进行不同激励电流下的模态分析和热力学分析。结果表明,该吸振器拥有较宽的移频特性,能够有效控制齿轮箱的振动,同时该模型在强制对流工况下工作性能较好。     

Parameter optimization and parametric deviation influence for shock resistance of double-stage vibration isolation system with limiters北大核心CSCD

［Objectives］For marine nuclear power plants, the relative displacement of the pump supported by a vibration isolation system should be strictly restricted. In order to improve the shock resistance of a vibration isolation system with displacement limiters, the parameter optimization and parametric deviation influence are studied. ［Methods］The theoretical model of a double-stage vibration isolation system with typical limiter parameters is established, the analysis of the shock response characteristics of the system is carried out using the direct integration method, the optimal limiter parameters are obtained using a genetic algorithm, and the influence of parameter deviation on the shock resistance of the system is studied. ［Results］Limiter parameters significantly affect the shock response characteristics of the vibration isolation system. The optimal limiter parameters improve the shock resistance of the system, but parameter deviation has a great influence on shock resistance. Based on the influence of parameter deviation, a deviation control strategy is proposed in which the elastic parameter should have a positive deviation and the gap parameter a negative deviation. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy can effectively alleviate the shock resistance degradation caused by deviation.［Conclusions］The results of this study can be used to guide the design, manufacturing and variation control of limiters for vibration isolation systems. © 2022 Journal of Clinical Hepatology. All rights reserved.     

美国气垫登陆艇推进垫升系统的改进与发展

介绍美国气垫登陆艇推进垫升系统在三十余年使用过程中遇到的问题及解决措施。随着艇装载量、耐波性、全寿命周期维护等总体性能和作战使用要求的提高以及主机功率不断增大,结合现代技术分析手段,推进垫升系统正不断改进优化。在广泛采用新技术及复合材料后,艇载重大量幅增加且耐波性有所提高。     

Minimizing lifetime structural costs: Optimizing for production and maintenance under service life uncertainty

Current naval shipowners are being forced to extend the service lives of their aging vessels from budgetary and political constraints. This is causing them to incur significant costs due to maintaining the structure of these older ships to keep the ships in operation. These increasing costs make it desirable to design new naval structures with their minimization in mind, as well as ensuring that such vessels are robust to changes in expected service life with respect to their total lifetime cost. However, such structures will necessarily have higher production costs, therefore, an optimization framework is presented to estimate both production and maintenance costs for a naval vessel's internal structure and develop trade-spaces between these two competing objectives in order to find designs that represent a balance of both.     

The effect of railway local irregularities on ground vibration

The environmental effects of ground-borne vibrations generated due to localised railway defects is a growing concern in urban areas. Frequency domain modelling approaches are well suited for predicting vibration levels on standard railway lines due to track periodicity. However, when considering individual, non-periodic, localised defects (e.g. a rail joint), frequency domain modelling becomes challenging. Therefore in this study, a previously validated, time domain, three-dimensional ground vibration prediction model is modified to analyse such defects. A range of different local (discontinuous) rail and wheel irregularity are mathematically modelled, including: rail joints, switches, crossings and wheel flats. Each is investigated using a sensitivity analysis, where defect size and vehicle speed is varied. To quantify the effect on railroad ground-borne vibration levels, a variety of exposure–response relationships are analysed, including: peak particle velocity, maximum weighted time-averaged velocity and weighted decibel velocity. It is shown that local irregularities cause a significant increase in vibration in comparison to a smooth track, and that the vibrations can propagate to greater distances from the line. Furthermore, the results show that step-down joints generate the highest levels of vibration, whereas wheel flats generate much lower levels. It is also found that defect size influences vibration levels, and larger defects cause greater vibration. Lastly, it is shown that for different defect types, train speed effects are complex, and may cause either an increase or decrease in vibration levels.     

悬索桥吊索高阶涡激振动及摆锤式MTMD减振技术研究

为了解大跨度悬索桥吊索出现的大幅高频振动现象,并进行减振,以国内某主跨1688 m的悬索桥为背景(最长吊索长184.6 m),基于理论方法和施工期吊索大幅高频振动实测结果,分析吊索的振动类型及参数(频率、阻尼比);提出一种摆锤式多重调谐质量阻尼器(MTMD,其由一定形状的锤头提供质量参数,由钢绞线提供刚度及阻尼参数),采用有限元和室内试验的方法,分析其振动特性,并进行实桥验证。结果表明:该桥吊索振动频率范围为5~25 Hz,阻尼比低,单个吊点的多根吊索易发生同相位的高阶涡激振动;摆锤式MTMD单个锤头具有2个控制主频,自身阻尼比约10%,具有位移放大作用,对高频振动的响应灵敏,在很宽的频率范围内具有很好的减振性能;摆锤式MTMD可有效增加吊索自身阻尼比,控制吊索高阶涡激振动,实测减振效果达到90%以上,具有很好的实用性。     

U形-箱形组合结构连续梁力学特性研究

U形-箱形组合连续梁计算现阶段缺乏具体的经验和理论公式,文中在杆系模型分析的基础上,采用通用有限元程序ABAQUS分析了结构典型部位的受力情况,研究了该类桥梁在多种工况下的力学行为和受力机理。结果表明:U形-箱形组合连续梁力学特性明显区别于传统梁型,空间受力特性明显;由于横向变形导致U形梁腹板内、外侧应力存在差异,平截面假定已不适用。     

救援通道施工爆破对已建高铁隧道的振动安全分析

为确保已建金山顶高铁隧道衬砌结构的安全,有必要在救援通道爆破施工过程中对其开展爆破振动监测。采用TC-4850N无线网络爆破测振仪进行监测,监测结果表明:既有隧道迎爆侧的衬砌结构断面振动最大;基于最小二乘法对监测数据进行回归分析并得到了爆破振动萨道夫斯基经验衰减公式参数;根据公式参数对后续爆破提出了爆破振动控制措施,做到当振动速度超过安全阀值时及时调整爆破参数,取得了较好的效果。     

高速换挡异响和振动问题的研究及对策

描述了对某车型在高速换挡时发生的车内异响和踏板振动问题的研究及处理方法。结合异响与振动的发生机理及试验验证，对该问题进行了系统的研究，提出了可行的改善方案，最终通过优化传递路径的方式解决了该问题，以较低的成本达到了改善整车NVH品质的目的。