新型轨检小车整体车架结构设计与分析

基于传统T型轨检小车车架存在着装配繁琐、稳定性不足、刚度差的缺点,设计一种新的Y型车架结构,该车架的主体结构采用一体成型技术,整体重心降低45mm,提高装配效率与使用寿命的同时使轨检小车在推行过程中稳定性更好。通过对新Y型车架横梁连接螺栓的强度校核,验证其螺栓连接的可靠性,并根据新Y型与传统T型车架的ANSYS Workbench有限元分析结果得出,新Y型车架刚度显著提高。     

Study on rail corrugation of a metro tangential track with Cologne-egg type fasteners

In Chinese metro lines, rail corrugation on both tangential and tight curved tracks with Cologne-egg type fasteners is very severe. Based on the viewpoint of friction-induced vibration causing rail corrugation, the rail corrugation on a tangential track with Cologne-egg type fasteners is studied in this paper. A vibration model of an elastic multiple-wheelset-track system with Cologne-egg type fasteners is established. Both the complex eigenvalue analysis and the transient dynamic analysis are performed to study the stability and the dynamic performance of the wheelset-track system. The simulation results show that a low rail support stiffness value is responsible for rail corrugation on the tangential track. When the Cologne-egg fasteners characterised by a lower stiffness value are replaced with the DTVI2 fasteners characterised by a higher stiffness value, rail corrugation disappears. However, rail corrugation on tight curved tracks cannot be suppressed using the same replacement. The above conclusions are consistent with the corrugation occurrences in actual metro tracks.     

邻近营业线隧道小净距控制爆破施工技术

重庆枢纽北左、北右联络线隧道与既有蔡东联络线双碑隧道水平最小净距只有7 m,设计采用控制爆破施工,要求既有隧道爆破振速不大于5 cm/s,施工难度极大。为减少施工对既有隧道的影响,通过试爆获得振动衰减规律,验证开挖方式的可行性,利用试爆结果,完善了最终的爆破方案,并在正式施工中得到了成功应用,保证了重庆枢纽联络线隧道开挖工程的安全高效完成。     

土岩交错地层隧道爆破施工的振动响应及空洞效应分析

以汕湛高速揭博段水墩隧道为工程背景,运用数值模拟计算的方法,建立上软下硬地层下爆破振动的有限元计算模型,对爆破荷载作用下上部初期支护和围岩的振动响应及空洞效应进行研究。结果表明： 1）掌子面下部基岩爆破施工的振动荷载主要通过支护结构传递给拱顶围岩,而掌子面上部前方围岩（未成洞区）和后方围岩（成洞区）振动分布并不对称,其中成洞区围岩的振动速度和振动范围远大于未成洞区,说明上软下硬地层隧道爆破振动存在空洞效应; 2）成洞区单向约束是造成振动加剧的根本原因,围岩振动的纵向最不利位置为掌子面后方约2 m处,径向为软硬交界结构面与隧道外轮廓的切点处; 3）振动方向以径向为主,即拱顶围岩振动以竖向振动为主,初期支护拱脚以水平振动为主; 4）距离掌子面1倍(洞径)范围的拱顶围岩及初期支护拱脚是控制爆破振动的关键部位。     

自由面与最小抵抗线对爆破振动的影响分析

为研究自由面与最小抵抗线对爆破振动的影响,以青岛地铁2号线延安路站右线TBM始发导洞近接建筑物爆破施工为背景,通过对地表爆破振动速度的同步监测,回归拟合导洞上台阶不同爆破区域的场地系数K和衰减系数α,进而得出自由面与最小抵抗线对爆破振动的影响规律,并据此对原爆破参数进行优化,取得了显著的经济技术效果。结果表明： 1）爆破振动受自由面与最小抵抗线共同影响; 2）上台阶不同爆破区域的场地系数K和衰减系数α不同,其中掏槽区域的K值和α值最大。     

孔外延期网路在隧道侧穿危楼爆破中的应用研究

为解决在单孔单段起爆时因普通导爆管雷管段数的限制需分次起爆的问题,针对隧道近距离侧穿危楼爆破开挖时提出一种新的起爆网路,即利用20段普通导爆管雷管进行多组之间的孔外延期,同时利用3段普通导爆管雷管在每组内部之间进行孔外延期。现场试验表明,该起爆网路可以使起爆次数从原来的5次降至2次。且现场振动监测数据显示,振速峰值与原来分次爆破的振速峰值基本处于同一水平,振速平均峰值较原起爆网路提高5%,并未发现有振动叠加的现象。     

无锡地铁运行引起上马墩站振动的现场试验研究

高频次的地铁运营引发的超量振动对于周边生活和工作造成了明显的负面影响,为了获取地铁诱发振动的传播规律,在无锡地区进行从车站到上盖物业的现场振动实测。在上马墩站搭建整套加速度信号振动测试系统,获取各测点3个方向时域加速度信号,分析结构在时域和频域的基本特征,对地铁运行造成上马墩站振动影响进行评价。研究发现： 1）垂向振动在通常情况下明显占优,横向、纵向振动相当; 2）上盖物业振动主要集中为25~50 Hz; 3）车站的Z振级接近规范规定白天限值,超出了夜间限值,有必要采取结构优化或减振措施对地铁运行引起的振动进行控制。     

Experimental investigation into the mechanism of the polygonal wear of electric locomotive wheels

Experiments were conducted at field sites to investigate the mechanism of the polygonal wear of electric locomotive wheels. The polygonal wear rule of electric locomotive wheels was obtained. Moreover, two on-track tests have been carried out to investigate the vibration characteristics of the electric locomotive's key components. The measurement results of wheels out-of-round show that most electric locomotive wheels exhibit polygonal wear. The main centre wavelength in the 1/3 octave bands is 200?mm and/or 160?mm. The test results of vibration characteristics indicate that the dominating frequency of the vertical acceleration measured on the axle box is approximately equal to the passing frequency of a polygonal wheel, and does not vary with the locomotive speed during the acceleration course. The wheelset modal analysis using the finite element method (FEM) indicates that the first bending resonant frequency of the wheelset is quite close to the main vibration frequency of the axle box. The FEM results are verified by the experimental modal analysis of the wheelset. Moreover, different plans were designed to verify whether the braking system and the locomotive's adhesion control have significant influence on the wheel polygon or not. The test results indicate that they are not responsible for the initiation of the wheel polygon. The first bending resonance of the wheelset is easy to be excited in the locomotive operation and it is the root cause of wheel polygon with centre wavelength of 200?mm in the 1/3 octave bands.     

新型折流板装置运动机构优化研究

随着燃机动力的发展,现有活动式折流板装置在动力试验尾气折流中已无法满足未来的使用要求。针对现有折流板装置的不足,采用将折流板气流冲刷面与车辆通过面分离的方法,提出一种新型折流板方案,并对新型方案的车辆通过面和运动执行机构进行优化,以降低装置的重量及对动力源的需求。最后对新型装置的性能参数进行分析,为后续设计提供参考。     

1100TEU船振动和噪音研究分析及方案实施

论述了有关振动和噪音的最新生效的规范规则及其影响,设计院所、船级社和船厂协同对1100TEU小型集装箱船的振动和噪音进行规范研究分析,进行了有限元建模计算分析和船模试验的理论分析论证,并对设计方案和工程践行工艺提出了具有极高使用价值的实施建议,为确保江南造船1100TEU(船号H2538~43)振动噪音考核的重要性能指标均达到了设计目标而按期顺利交船提供了技术支持。