观音沙特大桥上部构造设计验算与长期跟踪监测

介绍了观音沙特大桥上部构造T构设计。采用新、旧规范对T构进行验算,并在营运期长期跟踪桥梁病害及挠度变化,力图从结构设计及营运期产生的病害中找到相关性,从根本上对病害进行处治,也对设计成果跟踪反馈,为同类桥型深化设计提供经验。     

Optimization of transport investment and pricing policies: the role of transport pricing in network design

This paper investigates the role of transport pricing in network design and describes two facts about flow pattern in a transportation system. The first, illustrated by an example of Braess paradox, is that adding a new link to the network does not necessarily minimize the total travel time. The second is that introducing of appropriate toll pricing may reduce not only the total network time but also the travel time for each individual traveller. It follows with the investigations of different system objectives and different pricing policies (only toll pricing and distance‐based pricing are considered), and shows how they affect the system performance and flow pattern. Lastly, a systematic optimization process is proposed for integrated planning of transport network and pricing policies.     

基于环境协调理念的公路设计研究

在公路工程正式动工之前,设计单位要根据所收集的数据信息进行方案设计,为后期的施工作业提供合理的指导策略。针对近年来我国公路建设重心向山区转移的特点,以具体的工程案例为指导,采用环境协调理念对山区公路设计的新策略加以分析,为公路设计提供新的思路。     

A time‐staged multi‐objective network‐design model

A multi‐objective, time‐staged network‐design problem is formulated. Through transformation, the problem is decomposed into a set of single‐period, single‐objective problems. Lexicographic ordering is instrumental in effecting this transformation; it also allows a backward‐recursion algorithm to be applied using strong pruning criteria. Furthermore, monotonicity properties enable us to solve the problem using the familiar tree‐search algorithms. The solution method has several desirable properties — as shown by an example and a case study of Tripoli Province, Libya. First, the algorithm ensures continuity of project implementation over the multi time‐periods and provides optimality in later computational stages irrespective of the decision at an interim stage. Second, the algorithm tends to provide accessibility to unconnected regions in the study area at low user‐cost without employing weights to the two objective functions of accessibility and user‐cost efficiency. Such a property is deemed advantageous for suggesting transportation investments based purely on purchasing the greatest benefit for each dollar, with political neutrality strictly maintained.     

纤维碎石封层技术的推广与应用

主要通过对纤维碎石封层技术作用原理、技术特点、适用性能、配合比设计和工程应用情况等方面的研究和探讨,分析该技术的工程应用价值,阐述其工程应用空间和优缺点.     

软土地基桥涵设计方法探析

软土地基是桥梁建设经常遇到的地基问题.针对软土地基的特点及桥梁在软土地基上的设计和建设的原则进行探讨,以期能为我国桥梁建设提供一些有意义的参考.     

沥青路面病害及处治措施

沥青路面作为国内高速公路主要构造形式，其病害的发生对高速公路具有严重影响。鉴于此，在对常见沥青路面病害分析的基础上，从路面设计角度对如何预防、规避病害提出若干措施，以期为相关工程提供参考。     

强关联性地铁车站的界定及设计要点分析

强关联性车站作为一种新出现的车站形式其被界定的时机对车站方案设计影响重大,在设计阶段需要特别注意,及早甄别。通过定义强关联性车站,从其界定的最佳时机、基本分类以及隐蔽性强关联性车站设计实例,介绍强关联性车站界定要点说明,指出强关联性车站内在关联性以及判别的外在切入点。     

装载机连杆机构优化设计

结合传统设计方法和现代优化方法有效地解决了原设计中装载机不能满足平移性和自动放平性的问题;在用作图法确定铰接点大致位置的基础上,建立了连杆机构参数化模型,并对模型进行了优化研究。结果表明:新机构能满足平移性和自动放平性要求。该方法对类似的机构优化问题有一定的参考价值。     

高桥墩桩基础的优化设计及因素分析

在高桥墩桩基屈曲能量法分析的基础上,提出兼顾结构稳定、强度和经济性的优化模型,并应用优化算法中非线性序列二次规划法,进行优化设计探讨,同时给出优化设计算法流程图,编制了相应的优化计算程序;为了解桥墩高度、轴向荷载、地基比例系数和混凝土弹性模量对于高桥墩桩基屈曲的影响,结合优化设计模型进行了因素分析,探讨了参数变量对目标函数最优值的影响规律和程度,比较结果说明,在进行高桥墩桩基的屈曲受力分析时,高桥墩的大变形影响不容忽视;而一般在工程设计中,可考虑将桩周土体和混凝土弹性模量的增强作用作为设计的安全储备。