自动控制跟踪激光导向系统在地铁中的应用

主要介绍了自动控制跟踪激光导向系统的性能、原理以及在地铁施工中的应用     

矢量图的统一表示框架

为了兼容多种格式矢量图,提出一个矢量图的统一表示框架。以“点链”拓扑模型组织数据,将无拓扑的矢量图视为是它的1个子集,而对完全拓扑模型作一些删减;以C 基本模板库构建内核,提供清晰的系统接口和应用接口。该表示框架使用简单、执行效率高、可移植性强,能够满足无需复杂空间分析功能的应用需要。     

油料应用技术

主要介绍机械设备中常用的燃料油、润滑油、润滑脂、液压油和某些特种油的特性、牌号、分类和使用范围，以及实际工作中如何正确选用．     

铁路客运专线900t箱梁提运架设备研究

研究目的:客运专线建设目前已成为我国铁路发展的大趋势,而实现900t箱梁的吊装、运输和架设的提梁机、运梁机和架桥机则是客运专线建设中至关重要的施工装备,是决定客运专线能否如期建成的关键因素之一,因此对其进行研究,以配合实际施工。研究结果:成功研制提梁机、运梁车和架桥机,并在铁路客运专线建设中达到广泛应用。对设备选型应重点考量的问题、设备的应用和管理也获得了一定成果。     

基于GA和SVM的水火弯板焰道布置优化方法

水火弯板是目前船舶建造中普遍采用的曲型外板加工方法,由于机理复杂,其加工过程参数确定往往依赖于工人的加工经验,难以实现标准化和规范化。文章提出基于遗传算法(GA)和支持向量机(SVM)的水火弯板焰道布置优化方法,以成形曲面和设计曲面之间的形状误差最小为优化目标,将焰道布置优化问题分解成计算最小形状误差和搜寻最佳匹配位置两个问题,并分别运用嵌套GA和SVM来实现这两个问题的求解。实例验证表明该方法能快速高效确定最优的加热线布置方案。     

Analyzing passenger train arrival delays with support vector regression

We propose machine learning models that capture the relation between passenger train arrival delays and various characteristics of a railway system. Such models can be used at the tactical level to evaluate effects of various changes in a railway system on train delays. We present the first application of support vector regression in the analysis of train delays and compare its performance with the artificial neural networks which have been commonly used for such problems. Statistical comparison of the two models indicates that the support vector regression outperforms the artificial neural networks. Data for this analysis are collected from Serbian Railways and include expert opinions about the influence of infrastructure along different routes on train arrival delays.     

Categorizing bicycling environments using GPS-based public bicycle speed data

A promising alternative transportation mode to address growing transportation and environmental issues is bicycle transportation, which is human-powered and emission-free. To increase the use of bicycles, it is fundamental to provide bicycle-friendly environments. The scientific assessment of a bicyclist’s perception of roadway environment, safety and comfort is of great interest. This study developed a methodology for categorizing bicycling environments defined by the bicyclist’s perceived level of safety and comfort. Second-by-second bicycle speed data were collected using global positioning systems (GPS) on public bicycles. A set of features representing the level of bicycling environments was extracted from the GPS-based bicycle speed and acceleration data. These data were used as inputs for the proposed categorization algorithm. A support vector machine (SVM), which is a well-known heuristic classifier, was adopted in this study. A promising rate of 81.6% for correct classification demonstrated the technical feasibility of the proposed algorithm. In addition, a framework for bicycle traffic monitoring based on data and outcomes derived from this study was discussed, which is a novel feature for traffic surveillance and monitoring.     

Towards data-driven car-following models

Car following models have been studied with many diverse approaches for decades. Nowadays, technological advances have significantly improved our traffic data collection capabilities. Conventional car following models rely on mathematical formulas and are derived from traffic flow theory; a property that often makes them more restrictive. On the other hand, data-driven approaches are more flexible and allow the incorporation of additional information to the model; however, they may not provide as much insight into traffic flow theory as the traditional models. In this research, an innovative methodological framework based on a data-driven approach is proposed for the estimation of car-following models, suitable for incorporation into microscopic traffic simulation models. An existing technique, i.e. locally weighted regression (loess), is defined through an optimization problem and is employed in a novel way. The proposed methodology is demonstrated using data collected from a sequence of instrumented vehicles in Naples, Italy. Gipps’ model, one of the most extensively used car-following models, is calibrated against the same data and used as a reference benchmark. Optimization issues are raised in both cases. The obtained results suggest that data-driven car-following models could be a promising research direction.     

Analysis of air traffic control operational impact on aircraft vertical profiles supported by machine learning

The Air Traffic Management system is under a paradigm shift led by NextGen and SESAR. The new trajectory-based Concept of Operations is supported by performance-based trajectory predictors as major enablers. Currently, the performance of ground-based trajectory predictors is affected by diverse factors such as weather, lack of integration of operational information or aircraft performance uncertainty.Trajectory predictors could be enhanced by learning from historical data. Nowadays, data from the Air Traffic Management system may be exploited to understand to what extent Air Traffic Control actions impact on the vertical profile of flight trajectories.This paper analyses the impact of diverse operational factors on the vertical profile of flight trajectories. Firstly, Multilevel Linear Models are adopted to conduct a prior identification of these factors. Then, the information is exploited by trajectory predictors, where two types are used: point-mass trajectory predictors enhanced by learning the thrust law depending on those factors; and trajectory predictors based on Artificial Neural Networks.Air Traffic Control vertical operational procedures do not constitute a main factor impacting on the vertical profile of flight trajectories, once the top of descent is established. Additionally, airspace flows and the flight level at the trajectory top of descent are relevant features to be considered when learning from historical data, enhancing the overall performance of the trajectory predictors for the descent phase.     

解析铁道国家标准《铁路道岔转辙机》

铁路道岔转辙机的安全性和可靠性直接影响铁路行车安全,为满足现有使用条件,修订GB/T 25338(所有部分)—2010《铁路道岔转辙机》,形成GB/T 25338(所有部分)—2019《铁路道岔转辙机》。介绍标准修订背景,标准主要修订内容和修订依据,详细说明耐振性能相关规定,并提出标准实施建议。