城市轨道交通钢轨电位和新型回流装置研究

以成都地铁为例,基于钢轨绝缘节的老化和单向导通装置频繁导通问题,将车辆段及停车场等效为小电阻接地支路进行仿真。仿真结果表明,小电阻接地支路可使正线钢轨电位最大提升27.2 V,威胁了正线的安全运营。据此提出一种应用于车辆段与停车场的新型钢轨回流装置,并介绍其控制方法。该新型钢轨回流装置具有辅助列车安全通过绝缘节遏制车辆段与停车场内杂散电流、评估钢轨绝缘节绝缘性能和测量出入段线钢轨过渡电阻的功能。     

Local joint flexibility of tubular X-joints stiffened with external ring or external plates

In the present paper, the Local Joint Flexibility (LJF) of the ring-stiffened X-joints and plate-stiffened X-joints under compressive load is investigated. In the first phase, a finite element (FE) model was generated and verified with the results of available experimental tests and equations. In the next phase, a set number of 234 FE models were created to evaluate the role of the external ring size (β_r and τ_r), the external plate size (β_p and τ_p), and the connection geometry (γ, τ, and β) on the LJF factor (f_LJF). In these FE models, the weld connecting the chord and brace members was generated. The results indicated that the f_LJF of a plate stiffened joint can be down to 76% of the f_LJF of the corresponding un-stiffened joint. Also, the effect of the ring size on the f_LJF was more than the effect of the plate size on the f_LJF, because of the stiffener position. Despite the notable effect of the ring and the plate on the f_LJF, there is not any study or formula on tubular connections stiffened with ring or plate. Therefore, the FE results were used to propose two parametric formulas for determining the f_LJF in X-joints with external ring or external plate under brace compressive load. Moreover, the derived formulas were checked based on the UK DoE acceptance criteria.     

联合重要度在部件相依时的兼容性算法

在含有相依部件的系统中提出一个联合重要度的兼容性算法，即在基本部件不独立（相依）条件下，将故障树的系统结构特点和部件自身的可靠性因素兼容考虑进行联合重要度计算，并将此算法同其它算法的计算结果进行比较，从而验证说明这一算法的有效性．     

南昌红谷沉管隧道短管节干坞内拉合对接施工技术

沉管隧道最终接头短管节在牵移和拉合过程中易发生偏移与倾斜,且GINA止水带压缩到设计值难度较大。以南昌红谷沉管隧道为例,从准备、牵移、拉合及后处理4个阶段介绍短管节对接拉合施工工艺。通过对底钢板打磨、涂抹黄油等,减小底部摩擦阻力。采用计算机控制液压同步提升系统、液压数据量测、钢端壳间距测量等措施,对短管节轴线及平面控制。实践表明:GINA止水带压缩量误差仅为+4 mm,短管节轴线及平面偏差均在可控范围内,短管节干坞内拉合对接操作可行、质量可靠。     

Study on T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells in patients with Graves＇ disease combined with type 2 diabetes

Objective To investigate changes in T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells in patients with simple Graves' disease (GD)and Graves' disease combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus (GD/T2DM). Methods Fifteen cases of GD/ T2DM were selected from our hospital from November 2001 to November 2004. Before and after therapy thyroid function, thyroglobulin antibody (TGA), thyroid microsomal antibody (TMA) and blood glucose level were measured, and T lymphocyte subsets (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8) and NK cells (CD56) were measured by immunofluorescence double labeling monoclonal antibody and flow cytometry, respectively. At the same time, comparison was made with simple GD (15 cases), T2DM (15 cases) and healthy control (20 cases). Results Before therapy, CD4/CD8, CD4 and NK cells in GD/T2DM were less than normal, and there was no significant difference in comparison with simple GD (P<0.05). In T2DM group, only CD4/CD8 and CD4 were less than those of healthy controls (P<0.05). When thyroid function recovered after 1 to 3 months of methimazole treatment in both GD/T2DM and simple GD groups, various indexes recovered, which were more obvious in simple GD. Conclusion Immune hypofunction of GD may be the key to the immune abnormality of GD/T2DM, which is more significant than that of simple GD or T2DM. The recovery of thyroid function and immune abnormality is not consistent, and the recovery of GD is more significant than that of GD/T2DM.     

某商用车散热器面罩开裂分析与改进

为解决散热器面罩开裂问题,提出了焊点优化方案和散热器面罩加强板外置/加强板内置方案,并进行了模块化设计,制定了2组改进措施。有限元分析结果表明:2种改进措施与原状态相比,均有良好应力改善效果,满足应力要求。     

弥漫性轴索损伤后CD4~+/CD8~+ T细胞比值、IL-6、IL-10水平变化及预后相关危险因素的Logistic回归分析

目的研究弥漫性轴索损伤(DAI)后患者外周血CD4+/CD8+T细胞比值及炎症因子IL-6、IL-10水平的变化,探讨影响DAI患者预后的相关危险因素及可能的预测因子。方法收集115例DAI患者的相关临床资料及伤后至少6个月的随访结果,并将采集的患者外周血采用流式细胞仪检测CD4+、CD8+T细胞及其比值,ELISA法检测IL-6、IL-10水平,对免疫炎症指标及临床资料进行单因素和多因素分析,多因素分析采用Logistic回归分析。结果DAI后合并其他脑损伤、瞳孔改变、伤后昏迷时间及入院时GCS评分是影响患者预后的危险因素,而其他因素则与预后不相关。CD4+/CD8+T淋巴细胞比值降低是DAI后发生ARDS/ALI的危险因素,CD4+/CD8+T淋巴细胞比值与患者预后关系不大,而ARDS/ALI的发生则是影响DAI患者预后的重要危险因素。IL-6增加与DAI后ARDS/ALI密切相关,可作为ARDS/ALI发生的预测因子,其水平是患者预后的危险因素,而IL-10则在此过程中与ARDS/ALI不相关,且与患者预后无关。结论 CD4+/CD8+T淋巴细胞比值降低是DAI后发生ARDS/ALI的危险因素,IL-6可作为ARDS/ALI发生的预测因子。DAI后与患者预后相关的危险因素包括合并其他脑损伤、瞳孔改变、伤后昏迷时间、入院时GCS评分、IL-6水平及并发ARDS/ALI。     

CD4~+CD25- CD45RB~(high) T细胞转移性肠炎模型的建立

目的建立CD4+CD25-CD45RBhighT细胞转移性肠炎模型,并分析其在炎性肠病中的研究价值。方法流式细胞仪分选和纯化CD4+CD25-CD45RBhighT细胞并通过静脉注射移植到Rag1-/-小鼠,记录每组小鼠体质量变化,根据标准程序制作结肠组织切片进行HE染色检查,分离肠黏膜固有层CD4+T细胞并采用ELISA方法检测TNF-α和IFN-γ的表达水平。结果 CD4+CD25-CD45RBhighT细胞重建Rag1-/-小鼠3周后出现体质量下降,至第6周时体质量下降更加急剧并伴有明显腹泻。结肠组织切片结果发现明显的炎性细胞浸润,结肠上皮出现局灶性溃疡,炎症进一步蔓延至黏膜下层。结肠黏膜固有层CD4+T细胞TNF-α和IFN-γ的表达水平明显高于对照组。结论CD4+CD25-CD45RBhighT细胞转移性肠炎模型在研究炎性肠病的发病机制中具有重要作用。     

T型接头横向埋藏裂纹扩展特性

基于断裂力学理论和有限元分析,研究T型接头横向埋藏裂纹扩展特性,实现了双向拉伸载荷作用下T型接头横向埋藏裂纹扩展形状变化的数值模拟。结果表明:T型接头横向埋藏裂纹扩展至结构表面时的形状为近圆形,与裂纹埋藏位置和初始形状无关;埋藏于焊趾端部板材中的裂纹扩展快于埋藏于焊缝中的裂纹扩展。