AS-900HL多平台激光雷达测量系统在河道地形测量中的应用

数字城市的发展对基础数据提出更高的要求,获取地表三维空间信息的需求日渐增加。AS-900HL多平台激光雷达测量系统是一种集成高精度激光扫描仪与惯性导航的系统,可搭载在多种平台进行数据采集,具有工作效率高、扫描速度快、测点密度大、成果形式多样等特点。以鸭绿江白马浪至云峰大坝段河道地形测量为实例,对AS-900HL在河道地形测量的应用进行探讨。该河段地形高低起伏巨大,不具备直接接触测量的条件,由于对岸是朝鲜,无法登陆架设远程测量设备,也不能采用无人机航飞,属于实施难度很大的特殊河段。通过踏勘、路线设计、外业采集、内业处理和成果输出,验证了该系统在河道地形测量中的可行性。该系统适用于河道地形测量,尤其在特殊困难河段,能填补常规测量技术无法施测的空缺,可推动数字航道和数字城市建设。     

大跨径无桥台斜腿刚架桥的展望

无桥台斜腿刚架桥是近年发展起来的一种新桥型。通过研究其受力特性和构造形式，指出该桥型向大跨径发展的可能性。     

深水张力腿平台非线性涡激特性及水动力性能研究

平台涡激运动易导致立管及系泊系统疲劳损伤,危害其安全稳定性。该文引入雷诺平均法求解NS方程结合DES湍流模型对不同流速下深水张力腿平台三维涡激运动及流场特性进行了数值研究。采用GAMBIT软件建立计算网格,将求解动力学控制方程的代码嵌入UDF求解器中,采用动网格技术实现流场更新并求得作用于平台立柱和浮箱上的瞬时升力和拖曳力。采用最大值统计法和均方根统计法进行数据统计。研究发现:张力腿平台涡激运动流向振幅的大小随着约化速度的增大而增大,但在小范围内波动;横向振幅曲线最大值出现在0°来流、约化速度U~*=8.0处,大小为0.38D;三种来流工况流向平衡位置随无因次速度的增大而增大,但增长速度有所区别,22.5°和45°下流向平衡位置的增加速度要明显大于0°来流;22.5°来流升力系数谱能量较为分散,立柱及浮箱之间的干扰具有强非线性效应;最后对张力腿平台表面压力系数分布及涡量等值面特性进行了分析和探讨。     

自动化轨道吊门腿形式对轨道运行公差的适应性

针对自动化轨道吊"双刚腿"和"一刚一柔"两种门腿形式,根据技术参数和计算工况,分析在不同轨道运行公差情况下的适应性,并结合2种门腿形式轨道吊的运行案例,提出对堆场基础沉降导致轨道变形的敏感性,为码头建设单位轨道吊选型提供参考。     

一种由集装箱拼装而成的自升式简易平台

文章介绍了一种新颖、奇特、简易的由标准集装箱接装而成的自升式平台的组成与特点,并概述了此种平台设计中的结构总体强度分析、局部强度分析和稳性分析,以及应着重关注的一些特殊问题。此种平台对我国滩海、浅海、内陆江河湖泊等水域的施工作业装备的开发具有很好的借鉴意义。     

嘉兴港乍浦三期港区美福项目(码头工程)平面布置特点

根据工程实例,介绍石化码头平面布置特点。码头采用大、小作业平台相结合的布置形式,不仅满足大宗成品油装卸要求,还适用于散化品小批量、多货种的装卸。     

Experimental and finite element analysis of fatigue strength for 300 mm2 copper power conductor

The fatigue strength of a 300 mm² stranded copper conductor was investigated experimentally and by finite element (FE) analysis. An analytical model was also developed and validated. Wires taken from the outer layer of the conductor were fatigue tested in tension–tension loading and compared with similar data for wires taken from a 95 mm² conductor. The wire cross section was deformed due to the compacting process that was applied during fabrication. When corrected for stress concentrations due to the deformation the data for the two sets of wire fell within the same scatter-band. Full scale testing was carried out in a specially designed rig with constant tensile load and reversed displacement controlled bending with a fixed curvature variation. The loading is a simulation of the loading of a power cable hanging from a floating vessel through a bellmouth. Conductors were tested in two states; dry and lubricated. A finite element model was established for the copper conductor. The model was formulated by a combination of elastic beam and beam-contact elements that included the effects of friction. The effect of local bending due to contact forces was included in the model. Two contact conditions were investigated; the point (trellis) contact between adjacent layers of wire and the inline contact within each layer and between the first layer (centre wire) and the second layer. The FE model was validated by a calibration test of a full scale conductor, and by sensitivity studies varying the size and the number of elements of the model. Fatigue analysis of the conductor was carried out, based on the S–N curve for individual wires. Taking into account the effects of friction and local bending, agreement was obtained between predicted and experimental fatigue strength of the conductor, for the FE model as well as the analytical model.     

Response-based extreme value analysis of moored offshore structures due to wave, wind, and current

Floating moored offshore structures have a significant future in offshore operations as an attractive economic alternative to fixed structures in deep waters and/or in areas where there is no existing infrastructure. This paper describes an analysis procedure based on the structure variable approach to estimate load and response values of a moored offshore platform at a given return period by taking into account the joint occurrence of wave, wind, and current. The results show that the most severe mooring loads may not occur when wind, wave, and current are collinear and are at their maximum design values, i.e., the 50- or 100-year case. It is recommended that the extreme mooring design loads for moored offshore systems should be determined through a range of physical or numerical simulations where wave, wind, and current are noncollinear and act with less severe magnitudes than the 50- or 100-year case. This recommendation has also been adopted in the ITTC/Ocean Engineering Committee recommendations to the ITTC Conference held in September 1996.     

深水管中管结构动态边界条件非线性时域分析

随着海洋油气开发工程作业水深的增加,管中管结构承受的波浪、海流深海环境载荷增大,可能会引发强度破坏以及疲劳损伤,造成重大损失,所以开展深水条件下管中管系统的力学行为分析研究是有必要的。本文考虑了顶部张紧力和动态边界,利用有限元模型来模拟管中管结构及其力学行为。并利用接触单元模拟内外管接触的约束条件。综合统计了管柱的接触碰撞位置和应力危险位置,提出了新型扶正器的布置方案,以达到减缓碰撞保护管柱的目的,并对比了等距离设置扶正器的方案。通过对比研究发现本文提出的扶正方案有效减缓了内外管的应力等级,对于实际工程和研究具有一定指导价值。     

自升式风电平台冲桩系统设计与研究

冲桩系统是自升式风电平台关键的辅助系统。该文介绍了自升式风电平台冲桩系统,列举了目前常见的几种冲桩系统配置方案,对各种方案进行了对比,并通过冲桩系统在实际平台上的第一手应用数据,得出了在特定海床土质情况下,高压水冲桩系统具有较好冲桩效果的结论。结论对最新一代自升式风电平台冲桩系统的设计有着重要的指导意义,对今后自升式风电平台冲桩系统的设计也提供了思路。