Sea level and Eddy Kinetic Energy variability in the Bay of Biscay, inferred from satellite altimeter data

Twelve years (1993–2005) of altimetric data, combining different missions (ERS-1/2, TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1 and Envisat), are used to analyse sea level and Eddy Kinetic Energy variability in the Bay of Biscay at different time-scales. A specific processing of coastal data has been applied, to remove erroneous artefacts. Likewise, an optimal interpolation has been used, to create a series of regional Sea Level Anomaly maps, merging data sets from two satellites.The sea level presents a trend of about 2.7 mm/year, which is within the averaged values of sea level rise in the global ocean. Frequency spectra show that the seasonal cycle is the main time-scale affecting the sea level and Eddy Kinetic Energy variability. The maximum sea level occurs in October, whilst the minimum is observed in April. The steric effect is the cause of this annual cycle. The Northern French shelf/slope presents intense variability which is likely due to internal tides. Some areas of the ocean basin are also characterised by intense variability, due to the presence of eddies.The Eddy Kinetic Energy, in turn, is higher from December to May, than during the rest of the year and presents a weak positive trend from April 1995 to April 2005. Several documented mesoscale events, occurring at the end of 1997 and during 1998, are analysed. Altimetry maps prove to be a useful tool to monitor swoddy-like eddies from their birth to their decay, as well as the inflow of seasonal slope water current into the southeastern corner of the Bay of Biscay.     

海口综合枢纽港建设的构想

根据海南省未来经济发展目标,对海口港建设成综合枢纽港提出构想,一是充分利用琼北地区海岸建设深水港的自然优势,选择与海口市毗邻的澄迈湾西侧的玉包角建设新的林诗深水港,二是在建设步骤上,先是调整和整合现有海口港的港口功能,即调整秀英港,整合和适度发展原有的马村港区,在此基础上启动林诗深水港,最终形成海口综合枢纽港。对于原计划在盈滨半岛建设的东水港港址,应充分利用其砂坝———泻湖海岸特有的景色,建成与海口中心城市相匹配的旅游度假胜地。     

汕头海湾隧道超大直径泥水盾构针对性设计及不良地质施工技术

为应对海域环境土-岩-孤石复合地层超大直径泥水盾构施工存在的重难点及风险,以汕头海湾隧道为工程依托,对泥水盾构的刀盘刀具、冲刷系统、主驱动等进行针对性设计以提高设备适应性,并在孤石处理、刀具配置、掘进参数、施工管理等方面采取针对性施工方案。通过采取以上措施,实现了降低刀具损坏、控制管片上浮、提高施工效率的效果,保障盾构安全、快速通过了不良地质地层。     

The Elliott Bay/Duwamish restoration program: A status report

Injuries to natural resources from the release of hazardous substances into aquatic environments have led to hundreds of millions of dollars in compensatory damages awarded under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) and other legislation. The institutional mechanisms for negotiating and carrying out the terms of CERCLA natural resource settlements are still in their infancy, and each case has a unique set of injuries, assigned damages, payout schedules, trustee council membership and operating procedures, and environmental conditions and constraints. One of the settlements that has made significant progress toward large‐scale habitat enhancement has occurred in Elliott Bay, a busy, seriously impacted urban harbor in Washington State. The Elliott Bay case is unique among natural resource injury settlements because of the active involvement of two local governments, the City of Seattle, and Metro, who were named as defendants in a lawsuit brought by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) on behalf of the natural resource trustees of Elliott Bay. Both local governments have maintained, and continue to operate, outfalls that discharge into Elliott Bay, and both entities were subject to attempts to recover damages under CERCLA. Following the filing of the lawsuit over injuries to the natural resources of the estuary, alleged to have resulted from the operation of these outfalls, the parties involved negotiated a consent decree settlement. The Elliott Bay/Duwamish Restoration Program has established a process to redress some of the injuries that were attributed to the operation of these outfalls.     

Seasonal variation of riverine nutrient inputs in the northern Bay of Biscay (France), and patterns of marine phytoplankton response

Seasonal variations in nutrient inputs are described for the main rivers (Loire and Vilaine) flowing into the northern Bay of Biscay. The river plumes are high in N/P ratio in late winter and spring, but not in the inner plume during the summer. Conservative behavior results in most nutrients entering the estuary and eventually reaching the coastal zone. Temporal and spatial aspects of phytoplankton growth and nutrient uptake in the northern Bay of Biscay distinguish the central area of salinity 34 from the plume area. The first diatom bloom appears offshore in late winter, at the edge of the river plumes, taking advantage of haline stratification and anticyclonic “weather windows.” In spring, when the central area of the northern shelf is phosphorus-limited, small cells predominate in the phytoplankton community and compete with bacteria for both mineral and organic phosphorus. At that period, river plumes are less extensive than in winter, but local nutrient enrichment at the river mouth allows diatom growth. In summer, phytoplankton become nitrogen-limited in the river plumes; the central area of the shelf is occupied by small forms of phytoplankton, which are located on the thermocline and use predominantly regenerated nutrients.     

国外城市自行车发展模式分析及对我国城市自行车发展的启示

在我国城市自行车交通出行比例有所下降,但保有量依然很大的背景下,探索自行车交通的发展出路.通过分析哥本哈根、东京两个城市中不同的自行车交通发展模式,从中得到我国城市自行车交通发展出路的一点启示.并将东京与上海市的城市结构、交通特性进行比较,得出上海市的人口密度、交通结构以及交通发展政策与东京相似,东京的自行车交通发展对...     

相邻隧道爆破震动波的传播规律研究

针对胶州湾海底隧道青岛端接线工程匝道开挖对主隧道的振动影响,在主隧道内进行爆破振动监测。以实测振速数据为依据,分析主隧道内对应匝道工作面前后震动波的传播规律,得到垂直振速、水平径向振速以及水平切向振速随测点距工作面距离不同的变化规律。分析发现,主隧道内已开挖区爆破振速大于未开挖区振速,未开挖区振速在一定范围内相对稳定。     

渤海湾浮游植物种群变化及其影响因素

根据2004~2007年的调查数据,结合以往资料,分析了近20 a来天津港海域浮游植物种类、丰度、生物量及多样性的变化规律及其影响因素。结果表明,天津港海域共有浮游植物7门126种,以硅藻和甲藻为主。2000年后,夏季甲藻比例升高,绿藻开始出现。与20世纪90年代相比,2000年后浮游植物的丰度和生物量均维持在较高水平,表现为春季达到重度富营养水平,夏季为中营养水平。浮游植物多样性在2005年呈现下降趋势。研究表明,港口航道工程可能是影响天津港海域浮游植物种群变化的重要原因。     

谈湄洲湾海域环境污染的防控及执法监管

通过对湄洲湾海域生态环境和人文环境的描述,结合中国海洋环境污染的典型案例,阐述保护湄洲湾海域环境的法律措施,并展望保护湄洲湾海域环境的设想。     

台风时期钢套箱的加固措施浅析

钢管桩嵌固深度和波流要素是决定钢套箱受力状况的两个主要因素。按较不利组合原则,确定台风时期钢套箱的验算荷载和边界条件,对加设“井”字撑和箱内充水两种加固措施进行了比较验算,结果表明:台风时期不宜增设“井”字撑加固措施;箱内充水是改善钢套箱受力状况的简单有效措施,充水深度应低于潮水位,可取钢套箱内外水头差的一半。