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为缓解日益严重的交通拥堵及其带来的环境问题,中国很多城市开始发展轨道交通系统.但是轨道交通能否达到预期的分担率还取决于其相对于路面交通方式是否具有明显的优势.有效的运行管理系统不仅有利于轨道交通的建设与发展,也有利于提升整个城市交通系统的运行效率.针对拥挤线路,在一定的管理目标约束下,本文建立了票价、发车频率和车厢数的优化模型.模型还考虑了负外部性的噪声污染因素、车内拥挤度的反作用以及正外部性的缓解道路拥挤因素.选取苏州市为例,详细说明了某运输通道下轨道交通线路定价的有效性和服务供应的合理性的评价方法.理论与实例综合分析表明,与经济效益最大化相比,社会效益最大化的需求为低票价、多车厢数和高载客率.从现行的运行管理模式向社会效益最优转化需要降低票价、增大发车频次并增加车厢数.     

城乡一体化中发展轨道交通的几点思考

在城乡一体化发展进程中,轨道交通必将以其大容量、快速交通的优势,成为城乡一体化交通体系的骨干,满足新的交通需求.结合30多年来香港新市镇发展中城乡轨道交通发展的实例,从轨道交通在城乡一体化发展中的功能角色、既有铁路在城乡一体化轨道交通中的利用、如何建设节约型的城乡轨道交通以及城乡轨道交通与沿线协调发展四方面,对城乡一体化中轨道交通的发展提出一些建议和思考.     

Open registry tanker operations: a comparative cost analysis

The pull of economic gravity on traditional tanker operators towards open registries has been caused primarily by the need to be cost‐competitive in a market which itself is competitive. By using transcendental logarithmic cost functions to model the cost structures of open and traditional tanker operations, this study highlights the general structure of the production technology of tanker services, the cost differentials between the two flag groupings and provides insights into the comparative statics effects of their production functions in the form of elasticities of factor substitution and demand, and scale economies.     

What transportation modeling needs from a GIS: a conceptual framework

Both the geographic information system (GIS) and transportation modeling environments have seen continually developing analytic concepts and techniques. However, these developments have seldom resulted in the integration of GISs and transportation models. This paper explores the potential inherent in merging of these environments through a systematic investigation of the fundamental basis of integration. To do this, the traditional four step transportation modeling process is extended to include input and output steps. We then define functional components for GIS data handling — data management, manipulation, and analysis. The steps of modeling are matched against the list of GIS data handling functions within a matrix‐based framework. GIS functions that enhance a land‐use based urban transportation modeling process are then categorized. Conclusions are drawn and directions for future developments are discussed.     

加强政府职能转变 提高海上搜救水平

海上搜救作为一种国家组织实施的公益性事业．是国家应急管理体系的重要组成部分，体现政府的应急处理能力，我国正在积极构建社会主义和谐社会，对海上搜救工作提出了更高的要求。目前我国海上搜救工作在取得明显成效的同时，存在立法滞后、设施设备不成系统、公共服务产品缺乏等诸多问题。“必须按照政府职能转变的要求，从加快立法进度、推广宣传教育、完善基础设施、发挥海事主导作用等方面，努力提供人民群众满意的海上搜救公共服务产品。     

Dynamic characteristics of a WPC-comparison of transfer matrix method and FE method

To find the difference in dynamic characteristics between conventional monohull ship and wave penetrating catamaran (WPC), a WPC was taken as an object; its dynamic characteristics were computed by transfer matrix method and finite element method respectively. According to the comparison of the nature frequency results and mode shape results, the fact that FEM method is more suitable to dynamic characteristics analysis of a WPC was pointed out, special features on dynamic characteristics of WPC were given, and some beneficial suggestions are proposed to optimize the strength of a WPC in design period.     

含分层损伤复合材料层合板频率响应函数分析

振动分析中含分层损伤复合材料层合板的动力特性是非常重要的，本文主要研究含分层损伤层合板的频率响应函数（FRFs)。首先，建立分层模型和基于FOSD理论的有限元层合板单元，为保证分析模型中避免出现上子板与下子板间的脱离或嵌入，引入了16节点虚拟界面罚单元，其次，根据Adams应变理论，由层合板SDC推导出相应结构振动的模态阻尼；最后，对0%-80%不同分层大小层合板的分析计算结果，讨论了不同分层大小对受损结构的固有频率，SDC和FRFs的影响，本研究不仅有助深入理解含分层复合材料层合板的动力特性，而且可发展用来预报复合材料层合板分层损伤的程度。     

AT1000A型沥青混凝土转运车应用的温度分析

在渝湛高速公路沥青路面施工中,广东省长大公路工程有限公司率先在省内采用转运摊铺联合作业新工艺。文中对该新工艺施工的路面进行了大量的温度采集与分析,证明沥青混凝土转运车对改善温度离析有良好的效果,这一新工艺可以推广应用。     

重型卡车单级桥桥壳后盖焊自动线的改进

原开元集团制造的单级桥桥壳后盖内、外侧焊自动线在运行中存在的问题是稳定性差,由外侧向内侧焊送料移载小车与焊接夹具相碰撞现象、电动卡盘防损坏的改进,原因分析,防碰撞的硬、软件设计和效果。     

车辆内部异常噪声的传递途径研究

针对某车型开发过程中车内异常噪声问题进行了试验分析,确定了发动机支承为该车辆车内异常噪声的主要来源,识别出异常噪声向车内传递的传递途径,并对发动机支承进行了优化.试验结果表明,优化支承使车内右后座位处500 Hz附近的声压敏感度峰值降为原来的50%;倍频带噪声级下降了约3 dB;主观评价显示该异常噪声得到了明显改善.