Transport network criticality metrics: a comparative analysis and a guideline for selection

ABSTRACT

Transport network criticality analysis aims at ranking transport infrastructure elements based on their contribution to the performance of the overall infrastructure network. Despite the wide variety of transport network criticality metrics, little guidance is available on selecting metrics that are fit for the specific purpose of a study. To address this gap, this study reviews, evaluates and compares seventeen criticality metrics. First, we conceptually evaluate these metrics in terms of the functionality of the transport system that the metrics try to represent (either maintaining connectivity, reducing travel cost, or improving accessibility), the underlying ethical principles (either utilitarianism or egalitarianism), and the spatial aggregation considered by the metrics (either network-wide or localised). Next, we empirically compare the metrics by calculating them for eight transport networks. We define the empirical similarity between two metrics as the degree to which they yield similar rankings of infrastructure elements. Pairs of metrics that have high empirical similarity highlight the same set of transport infrastructure elements as critical. We find that empirical similarity is partly dependent on the network’s topology. We also observe that metrics that are conceptually similar do not necessarily have high empirical similarity. Based on the insights from the conceptual and empirical comparison, we propose a five-step guideline for transport authorities and analysts to identify the set of criticality metrics to use which best aligns with the nature of their policy questions.     

快速路与邻接交叉口分散换道和速度引导方法

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The underground economy: Tracking the higher-order economic impacts of the São Paulo Subway System

Over one million workers commute daily to São Paulo City center, using different modes of transportation. The São Paulo subway network reaches 74.2 km of length and is involved in around 20% of the commuting trips by public transportation, enhancing mobility and productivity of workers. This paper uses an integrated framework to assess the higher-order economic impacts of the existing underground metro infrastructure. We consider links between mobility, accessibility and labor productivity in the context of a detailed metropolitan system embedded in the national economy. Simulation results from a spatial computable general equilibrium model integrated to a transportation model suggest positive economic impacts that go beyond the city limits. While 32% of the impacts accrue to the city of São Paulo, the remaining 68% benefit other municipalities in the metropolitan area (11%), in the State of São Paulo (12.0%) and in the rest of the country (45%).     

Transport resilience and vulnerability: The role of connectivity

This paper aims to adopt a critical stance on the relevance and interpretation of the recently emerging concepts of resilience and vulnerability in transportation studies. It makes a clear distinction between engineering and ecological interpretations of these concepts and offers a systematic typology of various studies in this field. A core element in the study is the linkage between the aforementioned concepts and connectivity/accessibility in transport networks. The methodological findings in the study are put in perspective by addressing also such concepts as robustness, reliability and friability of transport systems.     

Assessment of antenna characteristic effects on pedestrian and cyclists travel-time estimation based on Bluetooth and WiFi MAC addresses

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Integrated planning of static and dynamic charging infrastructure for electric vehicles

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介绍了北京市成立交通委员会后她作为首任交通委主任感觉到北京市的交通，一个突出的问题就是“堵”.但是“堵”实际上是现代化、城市化、机动化发展到今天各种矛盾的一个表象，到处堵车，“堵”字背后有很多复杂的原因，她分析了造成这些堵点的原因.还介绍了两年来北京市交委己完成了建立新dh京综合运输体系的规划，完成了《北京交通发展纲要》的编制工作.分析了北京交通现在存在着四个方面问题.即;1.北京交通城市规划建设和北京交通发展不协调;2.北京公共交通发展滞后且基础非常薄弱;3.北京交通基拙建设不配套，甚至不街接;4.北京交通存在着管理问题.在分析存在问题的原因后对如何解决北京交通问题她提出了首先是确定解决北京交通发展的两大战略，即对城市空间布局必须进行调整，把北京城市功能进行了定位，即国家首都、国际城市、历史城市、宜居城市;其次是要大力发展公共交通，建立以执道交通为骨干的公共交通体系，推行五项政策和七大行动，加快信息化与智能化建设，加强交通法制建设.还介绍了当前北京道路建设情况发言后回答了北京交通大学、重庆交通学院代表提出的发展公交、交通一体化以及北京城市和交通发展成功与失误等问题.     

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