Algorithmic formulation of clay and sand pipe–soil interaction models for on-bottom stability analysis

This paper presents a new algorithmic formulation of the clay and sand pipe–soil interaction models recommended by the DNV-RP-F109 code for dynamic on-bottom stability analysis of submarine pipelines. The pipe–soil force update algorithm is formulated within the framework of computational elasto-plasticity and applies Backward-Euler integration to ensure stability and robustness for large time step sizes. Algorithmic optimization techniques are developed by utilizing a closed-form solution and subincrementation. A numerical verification study covering full cyclic displacement ranges of a 12 inch pipeline is presented. The new formulation is shown to increase the time step size by a factor of up to 50 compared to commercial software tools for on-bottom stability analysis. This achievement will be particularly beneficial for long-duration 3D nonlinear time domain on-bottom stability analysis.     

Description of a flexible and extendable physical–biogeochemical model system for the water column

A modelling system for coupled physical–biogeochemical simulations in the water column is presented here. The physical model component allows for a number of different statistical turbulence closure schemes, ranging from simple algebraic closures to two-equation turbulence models with algebraic second-moment closures. The biogeochemical module consists of models which are based on a number of state variables represented by their ensemble averaged concentrations. Specific biogeochemical models may range from simple NPZ (nutrient–phytoplankton–zooplankton) to complex ecosystem models. Recently developed modified Patankar solvers for ordinary differential equations allow for stable discretisations of the production and destruction terms guaranteeing conservative and non-negative solutions. The increased stability of these new solvers over explicit solvers is demonstrated for a plankton spring bloom simulation. The model system is applied to marine ecosystem dynamics the Northern North Sea and the Central Gotland Sea. Two different biogeochemical models are applied, a conservative nitrogen-based model to the North Sea, and a more complex model including an oxygen equation to the Baltic Sea, allowing for the reproduction of chemical processes under anoxic conditions. For both applications, earlier model results obtained with slightly different model setups could be basically reproduced. It became however clear that the choice for ecosystem model parameters such as maximum phytoplankton growth rates does strongly depend on the physical model parameters (such as turbulence closure models or external forcing).     

城市地铁施工对近邻短桩桥基的影响研究

结合北京地铁10号线国贸站西北风道施工对邻近短桩桥基影响这一工程问题,运用ABAQUS软件,在对施工过程进行三维动态模拟的同时,重点研究了施工过程中桥基的变形和受力性态以及桩土相互作用机理,并将部分计算结果与量测结果作了比较。研究成果为该工程施工提供了决策和指导作用,也可供类似工程参考。     

考虑流固耦合影响的水中桩基结构振动特性分析

水-结构的耦合振动是一个比较复杂的问题,在设计中,只有考虑水体对结构基频及阻尼比等振动特性的影响,才能使结构设计更为合理、可靠。以往研究多分析水体的附加质量效应对桩柱基频的影响,对水深、桩径、上部结构等因素的影响尚缺乏进一步的研究,对水体的阻尼比增大效应也缺乏定量分析。鉴于工程的需要,利用有限元分析软件ADINA建立水体-桩基结构相互作用的三维有限元数值模型,对流固耦合作用下结构的基频和阻尼比进行计算,分析多种因素对水中结构振动特性的影响,并给出水体产生的阻尼比推荐值。结果表明,水体会引起结构基频降低及结构阻尼比增大,流固耦合作用对振动特性的影响不容忽视。     

潜艇艉轴及电机激振对电机基座加速度的影响

电机振动为潜艇噪声的重要振源,掌握其特性对于优化艇体结构设计有着重要的意义。采用结构有限元耦合流体边界元的附加质量阻尼算法,对潜艇的2种不同位置激振的工况进行水下振动计算,并对数值计算结果进行了比较和分析。从离散频率的加速度值和功率两个层面上初步讨论了低频段内艉轴激振力与电机激振力对电机基座上加速度的影响。结果表明：在艉轴激振力比电机激振力大一个数量级的情况下,艉轴激振力对电机基座加速度的影响远小于电机激振力对其的影响,因而可以忽略。在实艇航行中,当艉轴与电机激振力同时存在的情况下,确保了电机振动特征信号测量的准确性。     

拓宽路基变形的流固耦合数值分析

以深圳市水官高速拓宽工程为依托,运用有限元软件ABAQUS对路基拓宽工程中的新老路基之间的差异沉降进行模拟分析,对拓宽路基在修筑阶段及工后运营阶段的变形特性、应力和孔压的变化进行研究,揭示拓宽路基差异沉降的规律和机理。     

基于桩土共同作用的桩基工程特性分析

在应用土的弹塑性理论、非线性有限元基本原理及桩土共同作用原理的基础上,采用Drucker-Prager材料模型,考虑桩土接触面问题,建立群桩模型,利用ANSYS软件对桩土共同作用模型的沉降、位移、桩土应力比等进行分析研究,得到了一些规律,可供同类工程参考。     

追越状态下船舶临界失控水动力干扰区研究

基于船舶操纵运动数学模型和船-船水动力干扰数学模型,提出了由于船间水动力干扰导致的船舶临界失控发生的条件,分析追越状态不同船舶横向间距、不同船舶速度以及不同水深吃水比等条件下船船干扰力和力矩与船舶横向力、船舶舵力及力矩间的关系,研究船舶临界失控区的尺度,证明船舶临界失控水动力干扰区的存在,给出了船舶临界失控水动力干扰区随船舶横向间距、船舶速度及水深吃水比的变化规律.追越船转船力矩失控区在(-0.6～-0.5)L,追越船速度提高,临界失控干扰区尺度减小;被追越船干扰力临界失控区在(-1～1)L,转船力矩失控区域在船尾方向(-0.5～0.5)L.     

滚刀岩机作用综合实验台液压系统设计

为满足通过实验平台对滚刀破岩机制进行研究的需要,以滚刀岩机作用综合实验台结构框架为基础,从控制实验台的推进系统入手,通过开发滚刀岩机作用综合实验台电液伺服控制系统,实现了对滚刀破岩推力、推进速等参数进行无级控制,满足了滚刀破岩参数与破岩效率之间的关系研究。