水岩作用对文笔沱滑坡群形成与演化的影响

滑坡的发生与水有密切的联系,不同的滑坡在水的作用下表现出不同的破坏机理。通过对三峡库区文笔沱滑坡群的实地考察和对现有资料的分析,探讨了该地区水岩作用机理及其与滑坡之间的关系。分析结果显示,该地区水岩作用条件成熟,具有3种典型的作用形式,它们对文笔沱滑坡群地质灾害的诱发和形成有重要影响。     

Parallel processing based on ship maneuvering in identification of interaction force coefficients

The parallel processing based on the free running model test was adopted to predict the interac-tion force coefficients (flow straightening coefficient and wake fraction) of ship maneuvering. And the multi-population genetic algorithm (MPGA) based on real coding that can contemporarily process the data of freerunning model and simulation of ship maneuvering was applied to solve the problem. Accordingly the optimalindividual was obtained using the method of genetic algorithm. The parallel processing of multi-populationsolved the prematurity in the identification for single population, meanwhile, the parallel processing of the dataof ship maneuvering (turning motion and zigzag motion) is an attempt to solve the coefficient drift problem.In order to validate the method, the interaction force coefficients were verified by the procedure and thesecoefficients measured were compared with those ones identified. The maximum error is less than 5%, and theidentification is an effective method.     

Robust optimisation of railway crossing geometry

This paper presents a methodology for improving the crossing (frog) geometry through the robust optimisation approach, wherein the variability of the design parameters within a prescribed tolerance is included in the optimisation problem. Here, the crossing geometry is defined by parameterising the B-spline represented cross-sectional shape and the longitudinal height profile of the nose rail. The dynamic performance of the crossing is evaluated considering the variation of wheel profiles and track alignment. A multipoint approximation method (MAM) is applied in solving the optimisation problem of minimising the contact pressure during the wheel–rail contact and constraining the location of wheel transition at the crossing. To clarify the difference between the robust optimisation and the normal deterministic optimisation approaches, the optimisation problems are solved in both approaches. The results show that the deterministic optimum fails under slight change of the design variables; the robust optimum, however, has improved and robust performance.     

紧致插值曲线CIP方法及其应用

波浪与建筑物的相互作用过程会涉及到波浪破碎、水气掺混和结构物的动力响应等复杂过程,对数值算法提出了更高要求。文章基于紧致插值曲线CIP（Constrained Interpolation Profile）方法建立了可模拟波浪破碎、翻滚等自由面大变形流动问题的数学模型。模型以CIP方法为流场基本求解器,离散了纳维—斯托克斯（Navier-Stokes：N-S）方程,同时还以CIP方法捕捉了自由面,通过多相流理论描述了流—固—气之间的相互作用。对强非线性自由表面流动问题的典型算例溃坝问题开展了数值模拟,并通过与他人实验结果的比较验证了模型的有效性。最后开展了极端波浪对浮式结构冲击过程的模拟,准确地预测了甲板上浪和结构的动力响应等问题。     

波纹夹芯杂交夹层板入水砰击动力响应特性研究

以波纹夹芯杂交夹层板(Hybrid Sandwich Plate with Corrugated-Cores,HSP)为研究对象,建立气-液-固三相数值模型,对结构在不同撞水速度下(1～10 m/s)动力响应特性进行数值计算分析.首先将其与相同质量的无填充轻质波纹夹芯夹层板(Light Weight Corrugated-Core Sandwich Plates,LWCCSP)在入水砰击下的非线性力学行为进行对比,分析探讨2种结构的能量吸收特点以及砰击压力和变形的分布规律,同时研究波纹夹芯杂交夹层板主要设计参数对其抗砰击性能的影响.分析结果表明,波纹夹芯杂交夹层板较同质量的无填充轻质波纹夹芯夹层板具有更好的抗砰击性能;在一定范围内,增加触水面板厚度及芯层厚度对提升波纹夹芯杂交夹层板的抗砰击性能有积极作用,且增加芯层厚度效果更为显著.     

Material Selection for Hawsers for a Side-by-side Offloading System

In order to provide a theoretical guide for choosing the material for the hawsers for the FPSO side-by-side offloading system, which is moored by the yoke system, the 3D potential flow theory and full coupled time-domain analysis are presented to study the dynamic response of the offloading system. The MingZhu FPSO offloading system in the field BZ25-1 is simulated here; and four different characteristic fiber ropes are used as the material for the hawsers. To acquire an accurate hawser line tension, the polynomial fitting method is used to calculate the nonlinear stiffness of the hawsers. By comparing the hawser lines＇ tension and the relative motion between the FPSO and the shuttle tanker, a suitable material for the hawser lines is chosen and discussed in this paper. The results indicate that the nonlinear stiffness characteristic of the fiber rope has a small effect on the relative motion of the vessels, but the hawser lines＇ tension is greatly influenced by the different characteristics of the fiber ropes. The hawser lines＇ tension with nonlinear stiffness is in accordance with the one with the upper and lower bound linear stiffness, which proves this method of fitting the fiber ropes＇ nonlinear stiffness is reasonable and reliable.     

三维非赫兹滚动接触理论在 轮轨滚动接触中的应用* ——TPLR 的编制及应用

应用Kalker 的三维弹性体非赫弱滚动接触理论, 将运动于直线轨道上的单轮对蠕滑率 ?力关系, 建立在TPLR (非赫兹轮轨蠕滑力数表) 中。分析了不同正压力所对应的蠕 滑力值以及用表中的数值修正的蠕滑力值的精度。简单介绍了该表的使用方法。      

从轨道方面看发展25t轴重货车的可行性

本文从轨道方面就发展25t轴重货车的可行性,从轨道准静态效应、轨道垂向动力效 应及翻谴振动效应等方面对高质量低刚度的轨道结构进行了较全面的分析。分析认 为,提高轴重是扩能的需要,运用现代科学技术和国内外铁路的运营经验,实现重轴 重大型货车的低轮轨力和低振动效应的车辆和轨道的相互作用,是能够获得所期望 的效果的。      

昆明城市轨道交通与土地一体化规划研究

在我国城市发展轨道交通的过程中,公共交通导向土地使用的开发策略(TOD)理念虽已成为共识,但在具体实施过程中,尚未充分发挥轨道交通对城市规划的引导作用。为深入分析以上问题,以昆明市为例,研究在城市现状及远景规划控制下,轨道交通周边的用地、人口、岗位分布情况,发现TOD发展理念并未很好地融合到我国现有规划体系中,实施中缺少轨道交通对建设用地分布的"强反馈"机制。提出总规、控规、轨道交通规划3个层面上的规划建议,以期对我国城市轨道交通规划与城市规划良性互动提供一定的参考。     

基于动网格的物体下沉运动的二维数值模拟

为精确求解流固耦合问题中物体大幅度运动时的受力情况和运动轨迹,采用基于任意拉格朗日-欧拉方法(Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian)的动网格技术,计算水气两相粘性流体中下沉物体的运动规律,并与模型试验的结果进行对照。结果表明,数值模拟所得物体的下沉轨迹和速度与模型试验吻合较好,从而验证了程序的可靠性和精度,可用于实际的溃坝堵口组件运动的数值模拟。