导流板对弯管流激噪声和流致振动的影响(英文)

The effect of a guide vane installed at the elbow on flow-induced noise and vibration is investigated in the range of Reynolds numbers from 1.70×105 to 6.81×105, and the position of guide vane is determined by publications. The turbulent flow in the piping elbow is simulated with large eddy simulation(LES). Following this, a hybrid method of combining LES and Lighthill's acoustic analogy theory is used to simulate the hydrodynamic noise and sound sources are solved as volume sources in code Actran. In addition, the flow-induced vibration of the piping elbow is investigated based on a fluid-structure interaction(FSI) code. The LES results indicate that the range of vortex zone in the elbow without the guide vane is larger than the case with the guide vane, and the guide vane is effective in reducing flow-induced noise and vibration in the 90° piping elbow at different Reynolds numbers.     

流速对Ω形波纹管变形补偿与承载能力影响

为研究流速对Ω形波纹管变形补偿与承载能力的影响,分别采用有限单元法和有限体积法对该波纹管内的空气流动进行数值模拟,计算出不同空气流速作用下的压力载荷;将该压力载荷作用于波纹管内壁面上,采用有限单元法和有限体积法得出不同空气流速作用下Ω形波纹管的轴向刚度和最大等效应力。结果表明：Ω形波纹管的变形补偿能力随流速的增大呈增强趋势,承载能力随流速的增大呈减弱趋势,且2种数值模拟方法计算结果的相对误差小于8％。     

Motorcycle-based adolescents’ travel behaviour during the school morning commute and the effect of intra-household interaction on departure time and mode choice

We hypothesise that intra-household interaction influences home departure time and mode choice for the morning commute. In Indonesia, over 71% of vehicles on the road are motorcycles. This fact increases the significance of household interaction in influencing transport mode choice since the simplicity of the motorcycle allows a great degree of versatility in regard to multiple family member transport. To emphasise this point, our study focuses on the unique travel behaviour of adolescents during the school morning commute which, due to the use of the motorcycle, is a combination of the travel behaviour of accompanied children and escorting adults. Our study discovers that adolescents are likely to shift their school arrival time very early or close to the designated starting time in relation to motorcycle-based parental escort to school. In regard to mode choice, adolescent students prefer to be escorted by motorcycle rather than take public transport.     

弹性接触下车辆—变截面梁桥竖向振动分析

基于Hertz弹性接触理论,分别推导了变截面梁单元和车辆动力方程,然后根据分析目的提出了系统方程组装和求解思路,解决了传统分析中“车轮密贴”假设和结构简单的不足.新方法系统质量和阻尼矩阵不再时变,采用Newmark-β方法直接求解,不需迭代,并采用自动半步长法准确确定接触状态发生改变时刻.数值算例表明,新方法能更为精细分析系统动力响应,并能准确模拟脱离现象.应用新方法分析了两种不同车辆模型对耦合系统动力响应的影响,结果表明:整车模型能直接准确获得车辆动力响应;若采用集总车辆模型,可采用将其前后两簧上质量加速度平均的方法近似评估车体加速度.     

A comparative study of the dynamic behaviour of a fast patrol boat travelling in rough seas

This paper describes a comparative study between full scale measurements recorded on a fast patrol boat encountering heavy winter seas, south of the Isle of Wight and theoretical predictions accounting for the slamming behaviour of the flexible hull. A hydroelastic approach is adopted and satisfactory agreement between measured and predicted responses demonstrated.     

提速列车与曲线轨道的横向相互动力作用研究

基于机车车辆—轨道耦合动力学理论,仿真计算典型的提速机车车辆通过不同曲线轨道时的轮轨动态横向相互作用性能指标,包括提速客货列车通过山区铁路小半径曲线强化轨道、160 km.h-1提速客运列车及120 km.h-1提速货运列车通过不同半径曲线轨道。根据现行动力学性能评定规范,对轮轨相互作用性能指标进行了综合评估分析。理论分析结果表明:提速后列车通过曲线轨道时轮轨横向动态相互作用加剧,动力性能指标的最大峰值均出现在圆曲线上,并且客运机车车辆的曲线通过性能接近,货车车辆的曲线通过性能要优于货运机车的性能。为了确保列车提速后的行车安全性,山区铁路的小半径曲线轨道须采取加强措施,提速客运列车以160 km.h-1和提速货运列车以120 km.h-1速度运行时的最小曲线半径分别取1 400 m和1 000 m。     

Elastic local buckling strength of stiffened plate considering plate/stiffener interaction and welding residual stress

An analytical formula for estimating elastic local buckling strength of a continuous stiffened plate subjected to biaxial thrust is derived considering the influence of plate/stiffener interaction and welding residual stresses. Through a comparison of calculated results with those by FEM eigenvalue analysis, high accuracy of the proposed formula is demonstrated. A series of buckling strength analyses is performed on the deck and bottom plating of actual ships. It has been found that:

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基于虚拟现实的远程操作在物料搬运机械系统中的应用展望

有毒,危险品的装卸和把人从恶劣环境下解放出来并提高工作效率是当前物料搬运中有待于解决的难题。基于虚拟现实的远程操作技术是解决这一问题的有效途径之一。本文探讨了这一技术应用于物料搬运机械和系统的方法,重点讨论了其中具有沉浸感的人机接口,场景表达,体系生成和控制技术等方面的问题。     

钢质悬链线立管与海床土体相互作用的数值模拟

对海洋钢悬链线立管(SCR)与土体的相互作用研究越来越得到业界的重视,不同计算方法得到的结果准确性如何尚未做过对比分析.文章采用有限元法和有限差分法对管—土的相互作用进行了数值计算.在有限差分法中采用弹簧单元,在有限元法中采用接触单元模拟悬链线立管与海床土体的相互作用,得到端部施加不同位移载荷下的立管弯矩、土体反力、触底点位置并与实验结果作比较.分析了端部位移载荷大小对触地点(TDP)位置及对土体反力的影响.文中采用的方法在模拟静态端部位移加载下的管—土相互作用与实验结果吻合较好.为进一步模拟循环载荷下管—土相互作用奠定了基础.     

土与结构相互作用对桥梁抗震的影响研究

该文以某钢管混凝土拱桥为例,应用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS对该桥在考虑或不考虑桩土相互作用的两种情况下对地震响应的差异进行了分析研究,可为今后大型桥梁的设计研究提供参考。