AUV中SINS/DVL组合导航技术研究

针对水下自主潜器的特点，重点介绍一种采用捷联惯导系统与多普勒计程仪的组合导航技术。通过引入多普勒计程仪提供的绝对速度，提出了输出校正与反馈校正相结合的混合校正集中卡尔曼滤波方案，仿真结果证明该方案可有效提高系统导航精度。     

拱泥机器人原理样机的研制

研制了一台拱泥机器人原理样机，针对洪泥机器人在泥土环境中前进时转向阻力矩大的特点，设计了一种简单灵活的转向机构，采用充气胶囊作为支撑，提高了蠕动爬行机构的驱动能力。提出了拱泥机器人传感器检测系统的方案，解决了拱泥机器人水下位姿的检测问题，进行了原理样机控制系统设计和作业流程设计。最后在实验室环境中完成了原理样机的蠕动爬行实验，验证了总体方案的可行性。     

拱泥机器人的运动分类及控制

提出一个简单、可靠的运动分类及控制方案,将机器人的复杂运动分解为两类基本运动——自律运动和姿态调整,分别采用程序控制和人工控制模式进行控制。     

Internet-based Teleoperation Platform For Mobile Robot

An Internet-based teleoperation platform for Mobile Robot is introduced in this paper. The hardware of the system mainly consists of a mobile robot. Its software employs client-server architecture for robot control and feedback information display . Different communication protocols are adopted according to the characteristics of message exchanged between the robot server and the client. The user interface is designed for the purpose of interaction. The great benefit of this client-server architecture is that the client software is insulated from the lowest level details of the mobile robot. Thus, it is very easy to implement and test new advanced teleoperation control algorithms, interface designs and applications on this platform without large programming work.     

Locomotion by mechanical pectoral fins

The objectives of this study were the development of a new device for maneuvering an underwater vehicle using the mechanism of a fish swimming, an experimental and theoretical analysis of the hydrodynamic characteristics of the device, and its application to maneuvering a fish robot. Observations and experimental analysis of the pectoral fins of a black bass (Micropterus salmoides) revealed that the locomotion of the fish, such as swimming forward at low speed, swimming backward, and turning in a horizontal plane is generated by using a combination of a feathering motion and a lead-lag motion of the pectoral fins. A mechanical pectoral fin making a feathering motion and a lead-lag motion generates a thrust force in a range of phase differences between both motions. The unsteady vortex lattice method, including the effect of viscosity, can express fairly well the unsteady forces acting on the mechanical pectoral fin in the range of phase differences where it exerts the thrust force. The fish robot, consisting of a model fish body and a pair of mechanical pectoral fins, can not only swim forward and turn in almost the same position, but can also swim in a lateral direction without changing the yaw angle. Translation of an article that appeared in the Journal of The Society of Naval Architects of Japan, vol. 182 (1997): The original article won the SNAJ prize, which is awarded annually to the best papers selected from the SNAJ Journal, JMST, or other quality journals in the field of naval architecture and ocean engineering.     

浅海海底管线检测与维修中的对线控位方法研究

浅海海底管线电缆的检测和维修需要维修装置在非线性的海洋条件下，在管线上方进行对线控位。以便装置能够坐沉海底，通过将维修舱打入海底泥沙并骑在管线上对管线进行维修。这要求对线控位时维修装置的纵向中心线偏离待维修管线中心的距离不大于0．3米。本文采用模糊滑模变结构进行装置的对线控位控制，有效地克服了常规变结构控制器中颤振的影响，提高了对线控位的控制精度。文章最后给出了该控制器的实际仿真控制结果。     

全自动变形监测系统精度分析

基于测量机器人的固定全自动极坐标和固定全自动极坐标差分变形,提出了监测中的2种技术方案,推导了2种监测方案的精度估算公式,并对精度估算公式进行简化,用模拟数据进行了精度估算。研究了差分测量的原理和提高精度的方法,分析了2种监测方案的优缺点。分析表明：基于测量机器人的固定全自动极坐标差分变形监测技术方案是高精度自动变形监测中的最理想方案。     

两自由度并联机器人的RBF神经网络辨识自适应控制

针对平面两自由度五杆并联机器人的轨迹跟踪问题,提出了一种基于RBF神经网络的自适应PID控制方法.该控制方案利用RBF神经网络自适应学习辨识并联机器人系统的未知非线性动态,可以在线调整PID控制参数以实现高精度控制.仿真结果显示该控制策略可以精确实现对于并联五杆机器人的轨迹跟踪控制,该方法的自适应性和跟踪性能均优于传统的PID控制.     

工业机器人单目双视的应用研究

工业机器人单目双视系统充分利用机器人位姿便于调整的优势,在机器人带动摄像机一起运动过程中,对包含工件的场景进行多次图像采集,实现目标点三维坐标的识别。论文介绍了机器人摄像机的非线性快速补偿算法的定标原理,给出了机器人单目双视三维检测实验。单目双视结合工业机器人控制软件,可使工业机器人能实时调整运动轨迹也可对工件进行非接触测量,提高了工业机器人的适应性和灵活性。     

螺旋铣孔机器人末端执行器位置精度误差分析

基于Reis RV-16机器人,采用D-H法建立机器人连杆坐标系,推导出机器人连杆的运动学方程;采用函数微分法建立螺旋铣孔机器人关节变量对末端执行器位置精度影响的误差模型;采用AD-AMS软件建立螺旋铣孔机器人虚拟样机,通过运动学仿真验证了误差模型的准确性.该模型对评估螺旋铣孔机器人末端执行器位置误差,提高位置精度有积极的作用.