Simulation of unsteady free-surface flow around a ship hull using a fully coupled multi-phase flow method

An accurate, efficient algorithm for solving free surface flows around ship hulls is described. Accuracy is achieved using a compressive advection discretization which maintains a sharp free surface interface representation without relying on a small time step. Efficiency is obtained using a solution algorithm which implicitly couples velocity, pressure, and volume fractions. The algorithm has been implemented in a computational fluid dynamics code called CFX and is validated by means of a comparisonwith experimental data of benchmark cases in both steady and transient conditions.     

圆柱体高速入水数值模拟研究

为了获得圆柱体高速入水过程的演化规律,采用计算流体力学方法对其进行仿真模拟。应用VOF模型和重叠网格技术对圆柱体入水过程的运动情况进行计算,利用Schnerr-Sauer空化模型对入水空化现象进行模拟。仿真获得圆柱体入水过程的空泡演化过程、压力变化和速度衰减曲线。结果表明:圆柱体高速入水过程中,速度先急剧减小然后逐步平稳降低,空泡开始形成,圆柱头部边角处出现空化现象;在撞水时圆柱头部压力急剧增大,入水后压力迅速减小;入水过程与文献结果变化趋势一致,验证了模型的可靠性。     

液压系统乳化时管路边界层与系统参数的关系

为了在船舶液压系统发生乳化故障时诊断系统状况,研究液压系统管路边界层与其系统参数的关系。以锚机液压泵出口管路为研究对象,设计4种不同乳化污染程度的液压管路流动方案,运用Fluent对模型内部的流场进行模拟分析,并利用CFD(computational fluid dynamics)后处理软件对流动模型的数据进行提取,根据第二相体积分数云图来提取的管道内水团处的数据,比较管路边界层与液压系统状态参数之间的关系。研究表明：管道近壁面区域的速度梯度的突变值的最大值与含水量呈正比关系;在同一位置上,管道边界层的压力梯度绝对值的最大值与液压系统的乳化污染程度参数呈正比关系。通过对液压系统的乳化故障进行定性分析,将为液压系统状态监测和故障分析提供依据。     

大型补给舰船液舱晃荡载荷计算方法

随着补给舰船的大型化,补给舰船中的液舱晃荡问题开始凸显。为给大型补给舰船的液舱结构设计提供方便、可靠的晃荡载荷输入,基于改进的VOF法,以Youngs法重构自由液面,结合部分单元参数概念,提出了一种精度更高且数值稳定的、处理非矩形复杂舱室边界晃荡载荷的计算方法。通过对不同装载情况的液舱晃荡进行数值分析,并与Hirt-Nichols算法以及实验结果进行对比,证明该方法可有效改进自由表面的模拟效果,提高舱室内部速度、加速度和压力的预报精度。网格敏感性分析证明该方法的数值稳定性较好,较粗的网格也能达到较高的精度。所建立的晃荡载荷计算方法可用于对补给舰船的液舱晃荡设计载荷进行快速、准确的预报。     

两船在静水中的兴波干扰数值计算

使用VOF方法计算两排水量相当的船型在静水中兴波的水动力干扰,计算时采用两型值一样的Wigley船作为对象,湍流模式选择了RNG k-ε模型。在模拟计算时,变化两船的航速以及两船的间距,得到不同状态下的兴波波形。将得到的波形加以比较分析,进而得出兴波值最大的位置。低速时兴波最大值出现在距船首1/3船长左右的位置,高速时兴波最大值出现在距船首2/3船长左右的位置。将计算结果与实验结果相比较,令人比较满意,证明这种算法是很有效的,为以后的较为复杂的船型两船干扰模拟计计算提供了一些参考。     

Application of the VOF method based on unstructured quadrilateral mesh

To simulate two-dimensional free-surface flows with complex boundaries directly and accurately, a novel VOF (Volume-of-fluid) method based on unstructured quadrilateral mesh is presented. Without introducing any complicated boundary treatment or artificial diffusion, this method treated curved boundaries directly by utilizing the inherent merit of unstructured mesh in fitting curves. The PLIC (Piecewise Linear Interface Calculation) method was adopted to obtain a second-order accurate linearized reconstruction approximation and the MLER (Modified Lagrangian-Eulerian Re-map) method was introduced to advect fluid volumes on unstructured mesh. Moreover, an analytical relation for the interface’s line constant vs. the volume clipped by the interface was developed so as to improve the method’s efficiency. To validate this method, a comprehensive series of large straining advection tests were performed. Numerical results provide convincing evidences for the method’s high volume conservative accuracy and second-order shape error convergence rate. Also, a dramatic improvement on computational accuracy over its unstructured triangular mesh counterpart is checked.     

Numerical simulation of the water entry of a structure in free fall motion

To solve the problems concerning water entry of a structure, the RANS equations and volume of fluid （VOF） method are used. Combining the user-defined function （UDF） procedure with dynamic grids, the water impact on a structure in free fall is simulated, and the velocity, displacement and the pressure distribution on the structure are investigated. The results of the numerical simulation were compared with the experimental data, and solidly consistent results have been achieved, which validates the numerical model. Therefore, this method can be used to study the water impact problems of a structure.     

楔形体入水初期流场的数值模拟

本文应用VOF方法对楔形体入水初期流场进行了数值计算与分析，并与楔形体入水初期流场PIV试验结果及高速摄影流态显示试验结果做了比较。结果表明，水下流场的流态与PIV试验结果一致，自由面形状与高速摄影试验结果一致，贴近物面有一股向上的射流，速度很高。本数值计算方法可以较好地模拟水下速度场、捕捉自由面形状，并能模拟入水喷溅现象。     

NSPMF-EB耦合模型及其在近岸波浪计算中的应用

提出通过耦合透水介质的流体运动方程(NSPMF模型)和改良Boussinesq方程(EB模型)来描述近岸水波现象的数学模型。NSPMF模型的优越性在于它能描述波浪破碎、越浪以及波浪和各种结构物(包括透水性结构物)之间的相互作用等伴随着复杂流动结构的局部波动现象;EB模型则可用于求解广阔海域内非线性不规则波浪的运动和变形过程。耦合模型兼有二者的优势,具有广阔的应用前景。验证计算的结果表明本文建议的耦合方法是有效的。     

掺气分流墩三维流场数值模拟

采用RNGk-ε三维紊流模型和VOF方法,1:1几何建模,对柘林水电站左岸泄洪洞下游掺气分流墩的三维流场进行了数值模拟.在与原型观测试验对比验证的基础上,对该流场的流态、水面、流速分布和压强分布进行了分析.结果表明:流态模拟正确,水面、流速与原型观测结果均能较好吻合;联合作用下的流场,在三维涡体的形成、增强掺气效果和空化空蚀的防止等方面均明显优于无掺气分流墩的流场;三维涡体主要由两股入水主流与池内前部淹没水跃的水体相互摩擦形成;被抛向高空的水翅在下落入水时卷入大量空气,具有较深穿透力,使得波动坎及坎下区域充分掺气,从而破坏空化,防止空蚀.