变速比变厚齿扇齿面滑移及接触应力特性的理论分析

本文以齿条齿面共轭线方程及变速比变厚齿扇齿面数学模型为基础，提出了汽车循环球式转向器变速比变厚齿扇齿面滑移及齿面接触应力特性的离散数值计算方法；提示了速比变化比值对齿面滑移及齿面接触应力特性的影响。     

基于变压差稳流气道试验台数据采集与处理系统的设计

基于变压差试验方法，在稳流气道试验台上，测量涡流动量矩、气门升程、气道压差、温度及流量等参数，上述各参数可用相应的传感器及放大器转变为电信号，再经A／D转换由计算机进行处理和分析，从而得出流量系数、涡流比等参数，改变了以往的手工记录和传统测试方法。     

气道稳流试验的变压差试验分析

用变压差试验方法测量了6108发动机缸盖进气道的流动特性。试验全过程不需要随时调节模拟气缸内的压差为恒定值。确定气门最大升程时模拟气缸内的初始压差后，就可采集试验中的流量和涡流转速等参数。随着气门升程变小，模拟缸内的压差自由增大。试验结果与恒压差试验相同，同样可以得到Ricardo和FEV计算方法的平均流量系数和涡流比。测量精度符合要求，操作程序简单可靠，易于实现气道稳流试验的全自动化。     

基于动力学模型的车辆转向控制器不足与变结构控制方法的研究

本文从理论上分析了基于车辆二自由度转向动力学模型的转向控制器在低速时产生失稳的原因。为解决失稳问题,本文提出了相应的解决方法,建立了基于预瞄运动学的车辆转向控制模型,采用滑模变结构控制理论设计了车辆的转向控制器,使车辆转向控制具有良好的跟踪性能和鲁棒性。     

一种新型城市快速路网交通诱导系统的研发和应用

介绍了一种新型的基于可变信息标志(VMS)的网络级城市快速路交通诱导系统的设计方法。该系统是一个由“重要决策点图形式VMS”、“次要节点图文混合式VMS”、以及“地面一般道路VMS”三类VMS组成的VMS系统。文章在归纳VMS系统设计流程基础上,重点介绍了VMS的路网布局和功能设计、显示格式和显示技术的确定、VMS设立位置(前置距离)的确定、图形式VMS的面板设计和交通信息发布策略等关键技术,最后给出系统的应用实例,说明该新型交通诱导系统的应用效果。可供交通管理部门规划、设计城市快速路网交通诱导系统参考。     

软轴式变速控制系统在汽车工程中的应用

软轴式变速控制系统具有换挡阻力及噪声小、质量轻、布置灵活、更换容易等优点。近年来随着我国客车向准低地板、超低地板发展，软操纵已逐渐呈现出流行趋势。在简述了软轴式变速控制系统构成框架的基础上，以客车为例，主要从操纵器的选型、变速杆的设计、软轴的设计选用、固索架和转换器安装方案的设计等方面介绍了软操纵设计选用的方法。     

变速比齿轮齿条式转向器齿条齿面数学模型

本文根据齿轮啮合原理,在转向器某些参数给定的条件下,利用齿轮法线法,由齿轮齿面数学方程导出了满足给定变速比特性与普通螺旋圆柱齿轮相关轭的齿条齿面数学模型。此模型不仅是齿条齿面几何参数,而且还是变速比齿轮齿条传动副的齿面压力角、重合度、齿面滑移率、齿面曲率、齿条螺旋角等重要参数的计算依据。它为该型转向器齿轮齿条传动副的优化设计奠定了理论基础,也为该型转向器的齿条齿面专用加工机床、刀具、模具及检测设备的研制提供了理论依据。此模型曾用于变速比齿轮齿条式转向器齿轮齿条传动副的计算机辅助设计(CAD),其结果,齿条齿面主要几何参数均与变速比齿条样品完全吻合。     

Supply Chain Cooperation between Coal Enterprise and Electric Power Enterprise in China

Based on the two-stage Stackelberg game method, value creation of supply chain cooperation between coal enterprise and power utilities is studied by formulating profit functions of coal and power enterprises and calculating the maximum profit. According to the analysis, it is found that the profit from supply chain cooperation between coal and power enterprises is more than that of non- cooperation. The cooperation is validated to be beneficial for both units; however, the profit is mainly taken by the power enterprise. Thus, it is necessary to set up the incentive mechanism to distribute cooperation value between coal and power enterprises to promote their continual cooperation.     

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2008北京奥运会,面向公众的交通信息服务为奥运交通保障发挥了重要作用。本文提出了北京奥运公众交通信息服务的体系框架,对服务于奥运的北京市道路交通诱导VMS发布系统和北京市公众交通出行信息服务系统进行了系统说明,总结前者在信息来源、系统控制和发布、外场和中心诱导等5方面的主要技术特点,介绍了北京公众出行网的信息发布等5项主要服务内容和“交通眼”5项特色服务项目,最后还探讨了开展公众交通信息服务的有关问题。     

Effects of low speed limits on freeway traffic flow

Recent years have seen a renewed interest in Variable Speed Limit (VSL) strategies. New opportunities for VSL as a freeway metering mechanism or a homogenization scheme to reduce speed differences and lane changing maneuvers are being explored. This paper examines both the macroscopic and microscopic effects of different speed limits on a traffic stream, especially when adopting low speed limits. To that end, data from a VSL experiment carried out on a freeway in Spain are used. Data include vehicle counts, speeds and occupancy per lane, as well as lane changing rates for three days, each with a different fixed speed limit (80 km/h, 60 km/h, and 40 km/h). Results reveal some of the mechanisms through which VSL affects traffic performance, specifically the flow and speed distribution across lanes, as well as the ensuing lane changing maneuvers. It is confirmed that the lower the speed limit, the higher the occupancy to achieve a given flow. This result has been observed even for relatively high flows and low speed limits. For instance, a stable flow of 1942 veh/h/lane has been measured with the 40 km/h speed limit in force. The corresponding occupancy was 33%, doubling the typical occupancy for this flow in the absence of speed limits. This means that VSL strategies aiming to restrict the mainline flow on a freeway by using low speed limits will need to be applied carefully, avoiding conditions as the ones presented here, where speed limits have a reduced ability to limit flows. On the other hand, VSL strategies trying to get the most from the increased vehicle storage capacity of freeways under low speed limits might be rather promising. Additionally, results show that lower speed limits increase the speed differences across lanes for moderate demands. This, in turn, also increases the lane changing rate. This means that VSL strategies aiming to homogenize traffic and reduce lane changing activity might not be successful when adopting such low speed limits. In contrast, lower speed limits widen the range of flows under uniform lane flow distributions, so that, even for moderate to low demands, the under-utilization of any lane is avoided. These findings are useful for the development of better traffic models that are able to emulate these effects. Moreover, they are crucial for the implementation and assessment of VSL strategies and other traffic control algorithms.