A census of the US near-roadway population: Public health and environmental justice considerations

This study estimates the size and distribution of the population living near high volume roads in the US, investigates race and income disparities in these near roadway populations, and considers the coverage of the national ambient air quality monitoring network. Every US census block is classified by traffic density and proximity to roads falling within several traffic volume ranges using year 2008 traffic data and the 2010 and 2000 US Census. The results indicate that 19% of the population lives near high volume roads. Nationally, greater traffic volume and density are associated with larger shares of non-white residents and lower median household incomes. Analysis at the county level finds wide variation in the size of near roadway populations and the severity of environmental justice concerns. Every state, however, has some population living near a high volume road and 84% of counties show some level of disparity. The results also suggest that most counties with residents living near high volume roads do not have a co-located regulatory air quality monitor.     

巧妙运用LKJ数据发现车载设备质量问题

结合LKJ数据分析中一些巧妙的解决方法,阐述LKJ数据分析在发现、解决车载设备隐藏质量问题中的运用,以期达到快速消除设备隐患,确保LKJ设备运用良好的目的。     

Comparative analysis of the energy consumption and CO2 emissions of 40 electric,plug-in hybrid electric,hybrid electric and internal combustion engine vehicles

This paper analyses the results of the Royal Automobile Clubhallo’s 2011 RAC Future Car Challenge, an annual motoring challenge in which participants seek to consume the least energy possible while driving a 92 km route from Brighton to London in the UK. The results reveal that the vehicle’s power train type has the largest impact on energy consumption and emissions. The traction ratio, defined as the fraction of time spent on the accelerator in relation to the driving time, and the amount of regenerative braking have a significant effect on the individual energy consumption of vehicles. In contrast, the average speed does not have a great effect on a vehicles’ energy consumption in the range 25–70 km/h.     

The characteristic velocity stability indicator for passenger cars

Driver assistance systems have received increased attention as market demands have pushed for improved automotive safety. These systems are designed to aid the driver by preventing any unstable or unpredictable vehicle behaviour. One global indicator for stability and driving conditions could help to manage the control algorithms and driver warning subroutines. Another problem which could be solved by a precise driving situation indicator is evaluating new vehicles during test drives. After a short introduction to a linear lateral vehicle model, an analytical approach for an online calculation of different driving conditions (i.e., stability, understeering, oversteering, and neutralsteering) is given. A characteristic velocity stability indicator is defined, which allows online computation of the present driving condition. Results are then checked against real measurements of a test vehicle.     

T．JCD型重力式电动车辆减速器的制动锁闭与缓解解锁

针对电动重力式车辆减速器驱动力矩小的局限,本文介绍了一种新的解决方案,通过特别的六连杆机构可靠地实现了制动锁闭与缓解解锁。     

自动驾驶整车在环仿真平台研究及模拟实现

针对目前主流自动驾驶整车测试方法及ADAS整车在环仿真测试方法的特点。利用虚拟现实和实时仿真技术,搭建自动驾驶整车在环仿真平台,并在室内进行仿真平台的模拟实现和案例测试。该平台不仅可以提供丰富的测试环境,危险场景以及难复现的复杂场景进行可重复性测试,而且使用的是真实车辆的车辆动力学特性,无需复杂的车辆动力学模型,同时测试成本也相对低廉。     

厦门BRT车辆升级改造关键技术研究

厦门BRT客流巨大,既有BRT车辆难以满足运营需求,迫切需要进行车辆升级改造研究。从对既有工程影响、对运营影响等方面对B型车、C型车、直线电机、有轨电车等制式进行分析比选,确定有轨电车选型方案。针对有轨电车中常用钢轮钢轨、胶轮导轨两种制式车型进行比选,胶轮导轨电车以最小曲线半径、最大坡度、运行加速度、紧急减速、道床厚度小等优点,推荐在BRT升级改造中使用。相关研究成果适用于部分既有道路及桥梁改造轨道交通工程。     

桥（涵）头跳车防制措施

以哈大高速公路为例,结合工程实际,介绍了公路桥(涵)头跳车的防制措施。     

多媒体计算机序列图象运动分析系统的研究

随着计算机多媒体技术的发展，多媒体计算机序列图象运动分析系统已日趋成熟。它与摄影测量学理论相结合成为较完善的非接触动态测量系统。这种为一般工程技术人员在微机上即可进行运动过程定量分析的方法，在工程测量中具有广泛的应用前景。