Analysis process of a steering system using a concept model for idle vibration

This paper describes the development of an optimal design process for a steering column system and supporting system. A design guide is proposed at the initial concept stage of the development process to obtain sufficient stiffness of the steering system while reducing the idle vibration sensitivity of the system. Case studies on resonance isolation are summarized, where vibration modes among the systems are separated by applying a vibration mode map at the initial stage of the design process. This study also provides design guidelines for an optimal dynamic damper system using a CAE (computer aided engineering) analysis. The damper FE (finite element) model is added to the vehicle model to analyze the relation between the frequency and the sensitivity of the steering column system. This analysis methodology makes it possible to achieve target performance in the early design stage and reduction of damper tuning activity after the proto car test stage. Through the proposed steering column system development process, a lightweight vehicle with high stiffness is possible prior to the proto build stage. Furthermore, the improved process is expected to contribute to reducing the overall development period and the number of proto car tests necessary to achieve the desired steering system performance.     

高烈度地震区公路隧道洞口段地震响应分析

根据隧道地震安全性评价报告和地勘资料,建立了三维数值计算模型并采用一致粘弹性人工边界模拟动力边界,对高烈度地震区公路隧道洞口段进行了瞬态动力计算。计算结果表明:在三向地震荷载激励下,洞口段衬砌的地震响应具有明显滞后性,衬砌以水平横向振动为主、轴向振动次之、竖向振动最弱;洞口段衬砌的拱腰部位将承受极大拉应力和剪应力,可设减震层吸收地震能量。通过对衬砌相对位移的分析得出,衬砌横向和轴向变形都很小,衬砌稳定性尚好。     

集装箱船振动及响应分析

介绍了模态频率响应有限元计算方法的基本理论,以多用途集装箱船为目标船,通过建立全船三维有限元模型,用频率响应法得到船体结构的振动响应.文中还讨论了激励与响应关系、水动质量、阻尼、频率响应计算有效频率数选取等问题,以精确预报船体结构振动及响应.本文采用的分析计算方法对目标船结构振动及响应预报值,与实船试验数据具有很好的一致性.     

Optimal vibration isolation of a tractor-semi-trailer system

The procedure is presented for the analytical synthesis of optimal vibration isolation of a tractor-semi-trailer system subjected to random excitation coming from the road. A general approach is discussed for a selected vibration isolation criterion. The especially elaborated procedure of complex matrix factorization is applied. The general results are presented by numerical calculations and their graphical illustrations.     

半主动悬挂的横向和垂向阻尼系数对车辆动力学性能的影响

利用天棚控制原理和SIMPACK动力学软件建立了具有二系横向和垂向半主动悬挂车辆模型,分析在不同的半主动悬挂横向和垂向阻尼系数下,车体平稳性指标、构架加速度、轮对冲角和磨耗指数的变化情况,结果表明动力学性能之间存在多处相互矛盾的地方,在选择半主动悬挂横向和垂向阻尼系数时应合理安排,充分协调相互矛盾的动力学性能.     

砂浆刚度和阻尼对高速列车-板式轨道时变系统竖向振动的影响

利用横向有限条与板段单元模拟板式轨道。考虑轮轨竖向位移衔接条件,基于弹性系统动力学总势能不变值原理及形成系统矩阵的“对号入座”法则,建立了高速列车-板式轨道时变系统竖向振动矩阵方程;分析了CA砂浆的刚度和阻尼对此系统竖向振动响应的影响规律。计算结果表明,合理的CA砂浆刚度为1.0~1.5 GPa/m,尽量采用大阻尼的CA砂浆垫层将有利于降低轨道板的振动。     

铁道客车系统的垂向减振分析

建立铁道客车垂向振动系统数学模型,计算客车系统幅频特性曲线,根据曲线峰点来确定系统自振频率,给出客车系统自振频率计算的简单近似解析方法和精确数值方法。提出客车系统各刚体振型共振速度的概念和计算公式,得出共振速度只与系统本身的自振频率和结构参数如车辆定距和转向架固定轴距有关。对客车系统在有无动力吸振器情况下的简谐和随机振动进行分析,认为采用吸振器确实能够在一定程度上抑制车体某些频率成分的振动,适当增大吸振器质量、刚度和阻尼,可以达到较好的减振效果。     

Assessment of the influence of the elastic properties of rail vehicle suspensions on safety,ride quality and track fatigue

A sensitivity analysis has been performed to assess the influence of the elastic properties of railway vehicle suspensions on the vehicle dynamic behaviour. To do this, 144 dynamic simulations were performed modifying, one at a time, the stiffness and damping coefficients, of the primary and secondary suspensions. Three values were assigned to each parameter, corresponding to the percentiles 10, 50 and 90 of a data set stored in a database of railway vehicles. After processing the results of these simulations, the analysed parameters were sorted by increasing influence. It was also found which of these parameters could be estimated with a lesser degree of accuracy in future simulations without appreciably affecting the simulation results. In general terms, it was concluded that the highest influences were found for the longitudinal stiffness and the lateral stiffness of the primary suspension, and the lowest influences for the vertical stiffness and the vertical damping of the primary suspension, with the parameters of the secondary suspension showing intermediate influences between them.     

船用中速柴油机的振动诊断研究

以８ＮＶＤ４８Ａ－２Ｕ中速柴油机为例介绍了船用中柴油机振动监测与诊断的试验研究，对柴油机振动激励源及振动特征量与磨损状态之间的关系进行了分析。研究表明，利用表面振动监测柴油机零部件的配合状态是可行的。     

新型避振穴研究

本文提出了一处新型避振穴。由于摒弃了橡胶弹性元件，该避振穴的结构简单，施工与维护方便。还介绍了模型试验结果，阐述了减振原理与应用前景。