船体非线性波浪载荷的水弹性分析

本文采用水弹性分析方法研究船舶在规则波及不规则波中迎浪航行时的结构动力响应（运动、剪力和弯矩等）。确定流体载荷时应用了扩展的切片理论，其中计及由于船体的非直舷、剖面吃水的瞬时变化和船体振荡的非简谐特性所导致的非线性，同时还考虑了波浪冲击、出水和上浪的影响。运动方程是在时域内步进求解。数值计算结果与规则波中的模型试验相比较，符合程度令人满意。     

船用汽轮给水泵断轴事故及立式直联机组对中方法分析

以曾发生断轴事故的船用立式直联汽轮给水泵组为例,通过分析该汽轮给水泵组在船用环境条件下轴系可能的就位状态与普通卧式机组的不同之处,指出了船用立式直联机组对中时所应着重注意的地方及其不同的方法.     

Variation of whitecap coverage with wave-field conditions

Field observations were carried out at a sea observation tower to investigate how whitecap coverage on the ocean surface responds to wave-field conditions. Images of whitecaps were taken for every 4 h or 7 h in the daytime using a 3CCD digital video camera fixed at 14 m elevation, and they were stored automatically in a hard disk video recorder at a time interval of 1 s. The determination of whitecap coverage was made by means of a digital image processing. The 1/3 power of whitecap coverage increases linearly with increasing the 10-m neutral wind speed. On the basis of the deflection angle between the propagating directions of wind waves and swell, wave-field conditions are classified into four cases. The present results show that whitecaps are produced most actively under the condition of the pure windsea and they tend to be suppressed by the presence of swell. It is difficult to find a certain relation between the deflection angle and whitecap coverage. Whitecap coverage also increases with the wave age in the same wind-speed conditions.     

舰船波浪弯矩响应的频率特性

非直壁式舰船在高浪级和高航速下的弯矩响应中,除了含有低频遭遇频率成分外,还存在着一定数量的遭遇频率的倍频成分及船体各谐调的垂向总振动频率成份,它们都会对舰船波浪弯矩的非线性响应产生相应的影响。如果舰船的第一谐调垂向总振动频率正好是遭遇频率的整数倍,这时弯矩的非线性响应将达到极值。本文从模型试验及理论计算两方面分析了舰船波浪弯矩的频率特性,对船体载荷响应理论的发展及设计载荷的确定具有指导意义。     

一个基于相对垂荡波能转换装置的对比试验

本文介绍了一个基于相对垂荡波能转换装置模型实验,对模型按既定要求进行改造,实验对比模型改造前后的各种工作状况及能量转换效率。     

离岸结构所受到波浪载荷与风载荷的组合

给出了确定波浪载荷及风载荷组合特征值的一种新方法,其目的就是要估计波高与风速的非高斯性及相关性对组合载荷特征值的影响。利用Terada的矩估计法,确定组合载荷的统计矩、组合载荷过程导致的方差及波浪载荷与风载荷的相关系数。采用Winterstein的以矩为基础的上通率估计法,确定组合载荷的上通率及极值,数值例题展现了波高及风速的非高斯性及相关性对组合载荷特征值的影响,结果表明忽略非高斯性及相关性会导致组合载荷特征值的低估。     

Wave energy assessments in the Black Sea

The present work aims to evaluate the wave energy resources in the Black Sea basin. The study is focused on the western part of the sea, which is traditionally considered as being more energetic. In order to give a first perspective of the wave climate, a medium-term wave analysis was carried out using in situ measured data. As a further step, a wave prediction system was implemented for the Black Sea. This was based on the simulating waves near-shore model, which is used for both wave generation and near-shore transformation. This methodology has the advantage that a single model covers the full scale of the modelling process. Various tests were performed considering data measured at three different locations. Special attention was paid to the whitecapping process, which is still widely considered to be the weak link in deep water wave modelling. Comparisons carried out against measured data show that the wave prediction system generally provides reliable results, especially in terms of significant wave heights and mean periods. By increasing the resolution in geographical space, the field distributions of wave energy were analysed for both high and average wave conditions. The analysis and the wave prediction system developed are a prerequisite for further investigations extended in time and with increased resolution in the near-shore direction.