高速列车气动噪声仿真与试验对比分析

通过Actran建立某高速列车1∶8缩尺比例的三辆编组的列车气动噪声CFD/CAA混合数值分析模型,模拟列车在250 km/h运行速度下外气动湍流噪声,分析结果表明,车外气动噪声在车头、受电弓、转向架处较大,且主要集中在500~2 000 Hz频率范围内.并将仿真分析结果与相应1∶8缩尺比例的列车模型在声学风洞中的气动噪声试验结果数据进行对比分析,仿真数据与试验数据基本吻合,仿真分析结果可以为新车型设计与改进提供可靠的数据.     

潜艇拖曳通信浮标体应用与发展初探

潜艇拖曳通信浮标是解决潜艇深水隐蔽通信的一种重要手段.多年来,其应用与发展一直受到各国海军及相关研究部门的高度重视.本文对潜艇拖曳浮标体的国外研制状况进行了介绍及分析,并对潜艇浮标体应用与设计思路进行了初步探讨.     

Effect of wave boundary layer on sea-to-air dimethylsulfide transfer velocity during typhoon passage

A full-spectral third-generation ocean wind–wave model (Wavewatch-III) implemented in the South China Sea is used to investigate the effects of the wave boundary layer on the drag coefficient and the sea-to-air transfer velocity of dimethylsulfide (DMS) during passage of Typhoon Wukong (September 5–11, 2000) with a maximum sustained wind speed of 38 m s^− 1. The model is driven by the reanalyzed surface winds (1° × 1°, four times daily) from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. It is found that the wave boundary layer evidently enhances (16.5%) the drag coefficient (in turn increases the momentum flux across the air–sea interface), and reduces (13.1%) the sea-to-air DMS transfer velocity (in turn decreases the sea-to-air DMS flux). This indicates the possibility of important roles of wave boundary layer in atmospheric DMS contents and global climate system.     

Spectral signature of wave breaking in surface wave components of intermediate-length scale

This paper investigates the length scale of ocean surface breaking waves in the spectral range of intermediate wavelength components a few centimeters to a few meters long. The spectral properties of wave breaking are examined first with the dissipation function of the wave action density conservation equation. The analysis reveals a strong breaking signature in wave components between 0.15 and 1.5 m long in the form of a quasi-singular behavior of the dissipation function using the present formulation of the wind-generation and breaking dissipation functions. Independent studies of more-direct breaking observations of radar tracking of sea spikes in the past have shown close correlation between sea spikes and scatterers traveling at the speed of surface waves a few meters long and much shorter than the dominant wavelength. This feature of sea-spike properties is consistent with the breaking signature of the dissipation function in similar wavelengths. The intermediate-scale waves are the primary contributor of the ocean surface mean-square slope. The close correlation between the gas transfer rate and the mean-square slope has been demonstrated repeatedly. A better understanding of the wave dynamics of intermediate-scale waves is important for clarification of various gas transfer mechanisms.     

Toward the mobility-oriented heterogeneous transport system based on new ICT environments – Understanding from a viewpoint of the systems innovation theory

This paper describes various solutions of the traffic society from the viewpoint of the analogy in ICT field and mobility field and the systems innovation theory. The systems innovation theory creates systems by considering both aspects “lifestyle/value of sense” and “fundamentals of mathematical physics/science and technology,” including the platform theory. This paper describes the development of ICT, which may drastically change solutions, with emphasis on the real-world nature. Next, three effective solutions for the era of falling birthrate and aging population are described. In addition, Nakashima's innovative approach for enabling, for the first time, the creation of a new social system by bringing IoT and FinTech into the world of Mobility is described. Finally, Mobility as a Service, which can be realized by integrating traffic modes with ICT, is discussed from the viewpoint of the systems innovation theory including the platform theory. Here, the analogy of mobility field and ICT field is used.     

穿浪双体船的船型优化

以计算线性兴波阻力的切比雪夫多项式法为基础 ,以片体水下横剖面面积曲线作为优化目标 ,用变分法对穿浪船WPC××进行船型优化 ,通过逐次增加几何约束数目 ,得到了在较高速度下 (Fn =0 .4 )实用的优化横剖面面积曲线 ,并用切比雪夫多项式法计算优化后的片体兴波阻力 ,经比较可以看出优化的横剖面取得较好的降阻效果。     

基于Matlab的AUV近水面运动模型的建立与仿真

该文运用矢量方法对自主式水下航行器(AUV)近水面的六自由度运动方程进行了推导，得到了一个适于在Matlab环境中仿真的高度矢量化的空间运动模型，并用在Matlab的仿真工具箱Simulink中建立的AUV近水面的六自由度运动仿真模块对AUV的近水面运动进行了仿真，在此基础上分析了波浪力对AUV的影响。该模型的建立和仿真为AUV近水面的稳定性分析和控制系统的设计提供了便利的工具。     

闭环电喷系统中的氧传感器波形分析(1)

在电喷摩托车发动机进入闭环控制工况时,ECM将根据氧传感器的电压信号来修正喷油脉宽,使混合气浓度保持在理论空燃比附近。借助发动机数据分析系统对各工况下的氧传感器波形进行分析判断,有助于快速检测出电喷系统中是否存在影响尾气排放的空燃比反馈故障。同时对于完成故障维修的车辆,通过氧传感器波形分析可以验证出维修是否有效,故障是否彻底排除。使车辆在日常使用中的尾气排放也能达到一个良好的状态。     

论轮机管理中的触类旁通意识

要做好一名出色的轮机员,不但要有扎实丰富的轮机理论知识,还要有触类旁通的意识和思路.本文结合主机吊缸专用工具的解决办法、船舶空调故障排除以及一起船舶分油机跑油问题的解决等三个轮机管理中的具体案例,论证轮机员在轮机管理实践中具有触类旁通意识的意义.     

海上溢油跟踪定位浮标参数分析及技术优化研究

为提高溢油浮标跟踪海上溢油油膜的精度,基于溢油浮标跟踪油膜的水动力学机理,对溢油浮标的尺寸、重量、海域位置等参数进行分析及优化,研究表明,可以根据浮标应用地理位置、海况及溢油油膜本身的性质,有针对性地选择最优的浮标设计参数,以提高溢油跟踪预测的准确性。