Dynamic stability metrics for the container loading problem

The Container Loading Problem (CLP) literature has traditionally evaluated the dynamic stability of cargo by applying two metrics to box arrangements: the mean number of boxes supporting the items excluding those placed directly on the floor (M1) and the percentage of boxes with insufficient lateral support (M2). However, these metrics, that aim to be proxies for cargo stability during transportation, fail to translate real-world cargo conditions of dynamic stability.In this paper two new performance indicators are proposed to evaluate the dynamic stability of cargo arrangements: the number of fallen boxes (NFB) and the number of boxes within the Damage Boundary Curve fragility test (NB_DBC). Using 1500 solutions for well-known problem instances found in the literature, these new performance indicators are evaluated using a physics simulation tool (StableCargo), replacing the real-world transportation by a truck with a simulation of the dynamic behaviour of container loading arrangements.Two new dynamic stability metrics that can be integrated within any container loading algorithm are also proposed. The metrics are analytical models of the proposed stability performance indicators, computed by multiple linear regression. Pearson’s r correlation coefficient was used as an evaluation parameter for the performance of the models. The extensive computational results show that the proposed metrics are better proxies for dynamic stability in the CLP than the previous widely used metrics.     

Sea state estimation based on vessel motion responses: Improved smoothness and robustness using Bézier surface and L1 optimization

Floating structures oscillate in waves, where these wave-induced motions may be critical for various marine operations. An important consideration is thereby given to the sea states at the planning and operating stages for an offshore project. The most important information extracted from a sea state is the directional wave spectrum, indicating wave direction, significant wave height, and wave spectrum peak period. Among several available methods of measuring and estimating the directional wave spectrum, the wave buoy analogy technique based on vessel motion responses is an in situ and almost real-time solution without extra costs of devices. If the forms of the wave spectra are not predefined in the estimation, the method is called a nonparametric approach. Its most remarkable advantage is the flexible form, but the smoothness should be regulated. After the discrete Fourier transform has been applied to the measured vessel motions, smoothing is necessary. However, this process results in disturbed vessel cross-spectra and a lowpass characteristic of the windowing function. This paper presents a nonparametric approach for directional wave spectrum estimation based on vessel motion responses. It introduces novel smoothness constraints using Bézier surface and includes a more robust estimate using L1 optimization. Both techniques are applied to the wave buoy analogy for the first time. Numerical simulations are conducted to verify the proposed algorithm.     

Experimental study of freak wave impacts on a tension-leg platform

This study investigates the freak wave impinging on a tension-leg platform through wave flume experiments. The freak waves are generated using the focused wave theory. By adjusting the wave focusing location, different incident wave scenarios at the structure location are produced. Simultaneous measurements of wave shape evolutions upon impingement, wave impact pressures on the platform deck, platform motions and tether forces are carried out for synchronized analyses of the wave kinematics/dynamics and structural responses. The variation of these parameters with the incident wave profile is studied. It is found that although applying less intensive local impact pressures as compared to the highly-breaking freak wave, the slightly-breaking or non-breaking freak wave imposes the same level of adverse effect on the platform's global stability in terms of motions and tether forces. In addition, the high-crest freak wave causes violent motions of the floating platform, which are likely to induce snap loads of large amplitude and high occurrence frequency in tethers. The published results would provide useful benchmarks for validating numerical and analytical models.     

基于频域法的结构疲劳寿命预测方法研究

以Didik方法的雨流循环计数应力范围概率密度函数为依据，考虑长寿命区的S-N曲线，利用不完全Γ函数建立了一种宽带随机载荷谱下结构疲劳寿命计算的解析解法，为用频域法计算结构在宽带随机载荷谱下疲劳寿命提供了一种快捷方法。     

纯铝的多轴非比例循环塑性行为实验研究

为纯铝材料进行了４种应变路径和２种轴向应力－扭转剪应变组合路径的非比例循环试验,揭示了纯铝在非比例循环加载下塑性应变率方向和塑性模量的演化特征;分析了纯铝的多轴棘轮行为。得到了一些有意义的结果。     

沥青路面非荷载型裂缝的施工预防措施

从半刚性沥青路面的的底基层、基层两个角度对半刚性沥青路面非荷栽型裂缝的产生原因进行了分析，指出了裂缝产生的主要影响因素，并着重从施工方面提出了一些减少非荷栽型裂缝、延长路面使用寿命的方法。     

波形钢腹板箱梁偏载下的力学性能

通过空间有限元分析，对影响其力学性能的高跨比、宽跨比、钢腹板的波纹形状及其板厚等几何参数进行了敏感性研究。结果表明，减小高跨比和宽跨比、增大波形钢板的折叠角度、增加水平面板宽度以及增大钢腹板厚度可以改善结构在偏载作用时的受力性能。     

刚架拱静载试验加载效率研究

以某刚架拱桥为背景,利用影响线法进行刚架拱静载试验,发现在主节点（L/4截面）附近内力和挠度加载效率存在差异,同时对比了同矢跨比的普通拱桥在L/4截面的内力和变形加载效率,结果表明以内力主控时刚架拱在主节点附近处挠度的加载效率需要增加测试工况来满足要求.     

无粘结预应力混凝土框架抗震性能的试验研究

通过2榀2种类型(梁和柱均配置无粘结预应力钢筋和仅梁配置无粘结预应力钢筋)无粘结预应力混凝土框架模型在水平低周反复荷载作用下的试验，对其破坏形态、延性、强度、刚度及能量耗散能力等进行了研究．试验结果表明：能量主要由框架的非预应力构件承担，而且主要集中在框架柱上；对于梁和柱均配置无粘结预应力钢筋的框架，能量大部分集中于框架的中柱．     

荷载横变位下箱梁剪滞效应的二次抛物线解

不同于以往将荷载作用于箱梁的肋板处研究剪力滞效应,采用将对称的荷载作用于上翼缘板的其他横向位置,结合数值模拟的结果,以二次抛物线作为箱梁翼缘板的纵向位移函数,通过能量变分法,推导出荷载作用在横向任意位置时箱梁的应力,从而得到荷载在不同横向位置时箱梁剪力滞效应的变化规律.