重型矿用汽车车架的疲劳寿命计算

介绍了一种用于重型矿用汽车车架疲劳寿命计算的实用方法。这种方法把随机载荷下的疲劳寿命直接与描述一个应力历程的有关统计参量联系在一起,在对车架进行疲劳寿命计算时,只要求知道常幅应力-寿命数据和车架所经受的应力历程的标准离差与度规频率。用这种方法对我国某矿山使用的重型矿用汽车车架进行了疲劳寿命计算,计算结果与实际情况比较吻合。     

基于磨损元素比例特征的发动机磨损状态诊断

针对不连续采样时的车用发动机磨损故障诊断问题,基于摩擦磨损原理和摩擦副元素之间的相关性,提出了基于比例特征的发动机磨损状态模糊优选诊断方法,建立了发动机磨损变化的比例模型,研究了摩擦副主要磨损元素之间在磨损过程中的比例关系,运用模糊优选理论实现了发动机磨损状态的诊断。通过典型磨损状态的油样光谱分析数据验证了该诊断方法的有效性,解决了车用发动机在不连续采样情况下的磨损故障诊断难题。     

高填土路堤边坡地震稳定性静动力法比较分析

研究用不同的计算方法，输入不同的地震波和地震烈度，同时结合路堤有关参数的变化，找出高填土路堤边坡稳定系数的变化规律。计算分析时采用静力法、拟静力法、静力有限元法和动力有限元法；动力反应分析时分别输入美国EL Centro地震波和按规范反应谱拟合的人工合成地震波。结果表明：路堤有关填土参数的变化对稳定系数的影响程度各不相同。     

Dual extended Kalman filter for vehicle state and parameter estimation

The article demonstrates the implementation of a model-based vehicle estimator, which can be used for combined estimation of vehicle states and parameters. The estimator is realised using the dual extended Kalman filter (DEKF) technique, which makes use of two Kalman filters running in parallel, thus 'splitting' the state and parameter estimation problems. Note that the two problems cannot be entirely separated due to their inherent interdependencies. This technique provides several advantages, such as the possibility to switch off the parameter estimator, once a sufficiently good set of estimates has been obtained. The estimator is based on a four-wheel vehicle model with four degrees of freedom, which accommodates the dominant modes only, and is designed to make use of several interchangeable tyre models. The paper demonstrates the appropriateness of the DEKF. Results to date indicate that this is an effective approach, which is considered to be of potential benefit to the automotive industry.     

A local model for the simulation of two–dimensional spilling breaking waves

A numerical model for the simulation of two dimensional spilling breaking waves is described. It is derived from a previous model which, in turn, takes its underlying ideas from the Cointe and Tulin theory of steady breakers. With respect to the former model, the present one is local, i.e., the inception, extension, and geometry of the breakers are determined through the local shape of the water surface. The model has been implemented in a RANSE code, which was developed for the simulation of ship flows, through a modification in the boundary conditions. This yields a simple and effective way to reproduce the breakers influence on the underlying flow. The resulting code has been used to simulate the flow past a submerged hydrofoil. The numerical results are compared with those of the previous model and with the experimental data obtained by Duncan.     

海浪统计资料对船舶波浪弯矩设计值的影响

对船舶,特别是超规范船舶,进行结构的直接计算设计时,首先要知道波浪弯矩设计值。 要确切地做到这一点,设计人员应合理地选择船舶航行海域的海浪长期统计资料,然后根据船 舶的装载工况和实际可能达到的航速,借用线性理论或非线性理论进行波浪弯矩的长期预报 来确定设计值。本文就一艘大型集装箱船舶,按五个典型海域的海浪统计资料,对波浪弯矩及 波浪合成弯矩作了长期预报计算,并与 ＩＡＣＳ的统一纵强度要求ＵＲ—Ｓ１１的结果作了比较和 分析,给出了对船舶结构直接计算设计有指导意义的几点结论。     

基于高阶谱的水下目标识别

利用高阶谱估值法,对具有很强非高斯性和非线性的舰船辐射噪声信号进行分析及特征提取,并通过结构自适应神经网络作为分类实验,表明基于高阶谱的特征提取具有较强的类别可分性,在无源声纳目标识别中特具潜力。     

Towards a generic benchmarking platform for origin–destination flows estimation/updating algorithms: Design,demonstration and validation

Estimation/updating of Origin–Destination (OD) flows and other traffic state parameters is a classical, widely adopted procedure in transport engineering, both in off-line and in on-line contexts. Notwithstanding numerous approaches proposed in the literature, there is still room for considerable improvements, also leveraging the unprecedented opportunity offered by information and communication technologies and big data. A key issue relates to the unobservability of OD flows in real networks – except from closed highway systems – thus leading to inherent difficulties in measuring performance of OD flows estimation/updating methods and algorithms. Starting from these premises, the paper proposes a common evaluation and benchmarking framework, providing a synthetic test bed, which enables implementation and comparison of OD estimation/updating algorithms and methodologies under “standardized” conditions. The framework, implemented in a platform available to interested parties upon request, has been flexibly designed and allows comparing a variety of approaches under various settings and conditions. Specifically, the structure and the key features of the framework are presented, along with a detailed experimental design for the application of different dynamic OD flow estimation algorithms. By way of example, applications to both off-line/planning and on-line algorithms are presented, together with a demonstration of the extensibility of the presented framework to accommodate additional data sources.     

Real-time traffic state estimation in urban corridors from heterogeneous data

In recent years, rapid advances in information technology have led to various data collection systems which are enriching the sources of empirical data for use in transport systems. Currently, traffic data are collected through various sensors including loop detectors, probe vehicles, cell-phones, Bluetooth, video cameras, remote sensing and public transport smart cards. It has been argued that combining the complementary information from multiple sources will generally result in better accuracy, increased robustness and reduced ambiguity. Despite the fact that there have been substantial advances in data assimilation techniques to reconstruct and predict the traffic state from multiple data sources, such methods are generally data-driven and do not fully utilize the power of traffic models. Furthermore, the existing methods are still limited to freeway networks and are not yet applicable in the urban context due to the enhanced complexity of the flow behavior. The main traffic phenomena on urban links are generally caused by the boundary conditions at intersections, un-signalized or signalized, at which the switching of the traffic lights and the turning maneuvers of the road users lead to shock-wave phenomena that propagate upstream of the intersections. This paper develops a new model-based methodology to build up a real-time traffic prediction model for arterial corridors using data from multiple sources, particularly from loop detectors and partial observations from Bluetooth and GPS devices.