Fatigue life prediction of welded stiffened 350WT steel plates

The propagation of fatigue cracks under constant amplitude cyclic loading was studied in welded stiffened steel plates. The residual stresses in the stiffened plates were measured using the neutron diffraction strain-scanning technique. A finite element model of the stiffened plate was constructed to simulate the residual stresses by an uncoupled thermal and thermo-mechanical analysis. Both the finite element model and the neutron diffraction measurements indicated that in general the residual stresses were tensile near the welded stiffeners and compressive between the stiffeners and ahead of the starter notch tip. Fatigue testing indicated that the fatigue crack growth rates of the stiffened plates were in general lower than that of a corresponding unstiffened plate, especially near the notch tip where compressive residual stresses existed. Both the finite element method and Green's function predicted the fatigue crack growth rates with reasonable accuracy.     

激光拼焊板制复杂件的成型模拟及拉深筋优化研究

分析了拉深筋的设置对激光拼焊板成型时焊缝移动的影响。针对某轿车前纵梁加强板的拉深成型进行了数值模拟分析,并根据模拟分析结果预测了拼焊板在成型过程中材料的流动趋势,对该零件成型时的拉深筋高度及其布置进行了优化。结果表明,拉深筋优化后有效地控制了拼焊板焊缝两侧材料的流动,进而提高了冲压件质量。     

无缝线路现场移动式气压焊接质量的控制

长钢轨焊接是铺设无缝线路的一个极其特殊和重要的过程,原因在于其内部质量的好坏不能通过后续检验来判定,直接危及运输行车安全;其几何外形尺寸的平顺是保证无缝线路正常运用的关键。钢轨焊接质量不良,将使线路维修工作后患无穷,因此有效控制钢轨焊接质量成为目前急需探讨和解决的新课题。     

Comparison of different structural stress approaches for fatigue assessment of welded ship structures

The structural stress approach, which considers the stress increase due to the structural configuration, allows the fatigue strength assessment of welded ship structures with various geometries on the basis of an S–N curve depending only on the type of weld. However, a unique definition and the numerical calculation of the structural stresses are problematic, which has resulted in the development of different variants of the approach. These are discussed and compared with each other in the present paper. The application to three examples shows the variation and differences in the analysed stresses and predicted fatigue lives, which are compared with those derived from fatigue tests.     

纵向受压骨材侧倾计算分析

根据不同计算方法对骨材侧倾的屈曲应力计算结果的比较分析与讨论,基于Bleich公式,得出实际可行的计算公式。通过与有限元计算的比较,表明文中计算公式形式简单、实际设计与计算时应用方便,与有限元计算的结果比较吻合,可以用于实际骨材的侧倾屈曲应力计算。     

多种型式肋骨加强的耐压圆柱壳体结构稳定性研究

耐压圆柱壳体通常采用环肋加强以提高其在静水外压作用下的结构稳定性.文中在理论分析和实例计算的基础上对多种型式肋骨加强的耐压圆柱壳体的稳定性进行了比较,比较结果表明:在肋骨用材总量相同的情况下,通过合理选择肋骨型式或合理设计肋骨尺寸,使其面内惯性矩增大,可以较大幅度地提高耐压圆柱壳体的总体失稳压力;相邻两肋之间净距离较小的肋骨,可以较大幅度地提高肋间壳板的稳定性.     

油气管道焊接接头的应力腐蚀及防护

焊接过程引起焊接接头组织和力学性能的不均匀性。通过研究焊接接头应力腐蚀的规律,发现焊缝比母材具有更高的应力腐蚀敏感性;焊缝硬化层越宽对应力腐蚀越敏感;工作温度越高应力腐蚀敏感电位区间越宽;适量的加入合金元素可提高焊接接头的抗应力腐蚀能力;改善介质条件也是很重要的方面。     

钢轨焊接接头平直度的影响因素

为提高热处理后钢轨焊接接头平直度的控制精度,实验分析实际生产工艺和不同支撑条件下钢轨焊接接头分别静茕20 h及30 d时上拱量及残余应力的变化.结果表明,当2 m长钢轨焊接接头试样的轨顶温度从55℃冷却到室温25℃时,其上拱的减小最约为0.1 mm;在自由放置状态、支撑两边和支撑中间3种支撑条件下,试样的变形量相似;试...     

基于热点应力的国产化Y25型转向架焊接构架疲劳强度分析

以用于160km.h-1提速货车的国产化Y25型转向架焊接构架为研究对象,依据UIC 510-3标准设计运营载荷,采用通用有限元软件ANSYS分析得出在焊接构架的侧梁鱼腹形板与轴箱导框焊接处、心盘焊缝处以及侧梁单腹板与横梁焊接处的应力较大,为疲劳薄弱区域;对于应力幅值最大的侧梁单腹板与横梁焊接处的非闭合环向角焊缝,运用子模型技术以及热点应力法得出其安全系数为1.02,焊接构架的疲劳寿命为3.33×107次,而且其疲劳强度满足UIC 510-3标准的要求,这与运用Goodman疲劳极限图校核的结果一致。研究还表明,采用热点应力法进行寿命估算时有较好的精度。     

T型扶强材在横向载荷作用下的侧向屈曲

考虑船舱进水导致船体梁的结构崩溃而发生沉没的事故中舱壁是一个关键的环节,通过能量法导出舱壁扶强材在侧向静水压力作用下的弹性屈曲的临界载荷公式,与有限元数值计算比较,证明文中计算公式的正确、简单、实用性。