20000TEU集装箱船水密横舱壁结构精度建造的预控

水密横舱壁作为20000TEU集装箱船的关键结构,对尺寸精度的要求十分严苛,尤其是焊接变形严重影响其建造精度。针对这一问题,采用基于固有变形理论的弹性有限元分析,来预测水密横舱壁结构的面外焊接变形。同时,比较了计算固有变形的两种方法的准确度,并且总结了热输入与固有变形各分量的经验公式,还提出了减小面外焊接变形的措施。结果表明,通过与实测数据对比验证了弹性有限元分析可快速、准确地预测水密横舱壁结构的面外焊接变形;对于对接接头,变形反演法比应变积分法得到的横向固有弯曲更准确;热输入与固有变形各分量呈线性递增关系;将整个水密横舱壁结构由原来的3段分成5段,并采用对称焊接顺序,面外焊接变形最小,同时会降低对船厂吊装能力的要求。     

焊接裂纹的成因及控制

焊接裂纹是常见的焊接缺陷之一,焊接裂纹的存在常常导致严重的航运事故。文章讨论了船舶制造过程中焊接裂纹的种类,分析了焊接裂纹形成的原因,并在此基础上提出了解决焊接裂纹的措施,从而为船厂生产提供指导。     

白车身侧围焊接机器人焊接作业顺序优化研究

针对轿车白车身焊接机器人作业顺序不合理的问题,采用启发式的节约算法,有效地解决了焊接机器人焊接作业顺序中的最短路径问题,并实现了优化,编写了相应的程序,可以有效地进行焊接作业顺序优化计算。     

中厚板高强钢冷热多丝复合埋弧焊热循环参数测量

为解决中厚板高强钢埋弧焊(Submerged Arc Welding, SAW)焊缝热影响区(Heat Affected Zone, HAZ)热循环参数准确测量难题，自主研制多通道热电偶测温软/硬件系统，测量并比较不同焊丝组合(单丝和冷热多丝复合)对应的焊缝HAZ热循环主要参数。试验结果表明：与单丝SAW工艺相比，冷热多丝复合SAW工艺可解决SAW较大热输入产生的焊缝HAZ脆化问题，提高焊缝组织性能和焊接质量；在中厚板高强钢焊接过程中，冷热多丝复合SAW工艺可为温度场数值模拟计算分析提供实测数据，为各种工艺参数的确定与优化、焊缝HAZ的组织性能改善提供必要的理论基础。     

船用5083铝合金随焊滚压工艺的有限元计算

船用5083铝合金在焊接过程中较易出现热裂纹，主要原因是在脆性温度区间存在较大的收缩内应力。为此，对随焊滚压工艺进行研究，采用有限元分析软件MSC.Marc进行焊接工艺模拟，综合考虑焊接热源模型、材料性能和滚压等边界条件，建立船用5083铝合金工件的随焊滚压有限元模型，对比船用5083铝合金薄板在普通焊接工艺及随焊滚压工艺下的焊后残余应力。计算结果表明，在随焊滚压工艺下选择合适的轮枪距及压下量可有效降低焊后残余应力。     

中厚度船用钢焊接技术发展现状

从电弧焊技术、埋弧焊技术、气体保护焊技术、搅拌摩擦焊（Friction Stir Welding，FSW）技术和激光焊技术等方面，对比中厚度船用钢各种焊接技术的特点和应用基础。研究发现，基于船用钢材料本身的裂纹敏感性和焊接厚度的增加，中厚度船用钢焊接技术应向激光-电弧复合焊发展，以解决现有焊接技术的焊接难点。     

船用柴油机气门推杆结合部杆身与钢球焊接质量检测方法的改进

本文分析了拉力法检测船用柴油机气门推杆的杆身与钢球之间的焊接质量,提出了压力检测的原理和方法,保证了焊接质量检测的合理性。     

Determination of t8/5 cooling times for underwater local dry welding of steel

Knowledge of thermal history is the basic condition for studying the structure - properties of welded joints. The determinant of thermal history is the thermal cycle, whose in-situ measurements are still a big challenge. Water as the welding environment complicates this issue even more. The article presents a method to determine an equation for calculating t_8/5 cooling times for underwater gas metal arc welding of unalloyed steels using the local dry cavity method. The work uses the contact method of temperature measurements with the use of thermocouples to obtain the temperature changes of the points of welded joints covered by the thermal field. On this basis, the values of the t_8/5 cooling times were determined. A regression analysis of the Response Surface Method was used to determine the equation, which resulted in a second-order model with interactions. Statistically significant factors were determined (thickness of welded elements and heat input value) and the model veracity was confirmed as the assumptions of normality and homogeneity of variance (homoscedasticity) of the residuals were met. The t_8/5 cooling time values depend on the thickness of the welded elements and heat input value in a nonlinear way. In terms of the test conditions, the cooling times ranged from 3.0 to 7.7 s. The equation allowed for the calculation of t_8/5 cooling times during underwater welding of unalloyed steels using the local dry cavity method based on the variability of the experimental conditions with satisfactory accuracy.     

工艺参数对原油船用耐蚀钢DWSAW焊接接头的影响

论述前后丝模式、焊接电流、焊接电压和焊接速度对国产原油船用耐蚀钢双丝埋弧焊（Double Wire Submerged Arc Welding，DWSAW）焊缝成型的影响，开展耐蚀钢DWSAW工艺试验，分析耐蚀钢DWSAW焊接接头的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能。结果表明，国产原油船用耐蚀钢具有良好的DWSAW适应性，采用合适的焊接工艺可获得力学性能和耐腐蚀性能兼顾的焊接接头。