船用主汽轮机汽缸静刚度分析研究

针对船用主汽轮机低压缸静刚度的仿真研究考虑温度场和压力场等复杂环境研究较少的现象,为准确计算主汽轮机低压缸结构的静刚度,对考虑温度场、压力场作用的低压缸正车和倒车工况时的静刚度进行研究,并与仅考虑自身重力的设备静刚度进行对比分析.研究表明,温度场、压力场对加载部位结构的响应特性有很大影响,对低压缸整体结构也有一定程度的影响,为更加准确地模拟真实设备,在进行设备的静刚度分析时应该给予考虑.     

湿空气透平循环（HAT循环）中饱和器性能实验台的设计

本实验模拟了实际ＨＡＴ循环中饱和器的热力过程，通过实验，研究分析，影响饱和器性能的主要因素，从而探讨了ＨＡＴ循环的商业化途径，本文介绍了实验装置流程，饱和器结构，喷雾嘴布置及水加热设备的设计。     

舰用主汽轮机汽缸动刚度分析研究

为准确计算主汽轮机低压缸整体结构的动刚度,选取最能反映模型整体位移的低压缸底部中心处为单位激振力的加载点,考虑模型在单位激振力作用下的动态响应,并与在前后轴承座处加载单位激振力时的动态响应进行对比分析。研究表明,在低压缸底部中心处加载激振力能够较好地反映整体模型的振动特性,能较精确地得到整体模型的动刚度,是可行且有效的。     

Experimental field study of floater motion effects on a main bearing in a full-scale spar floating wind turbine

In this paper we present a full-scale experimental field study of the effects of floater motion on a main bearing in a 6 MW turbine on a spar-type floating substructure. Floating wind turbines are necessary to access the full offshore wind power potential, but the characteristics of their operation leave a gap with respect to the rapidly developing empirical knowledge on operation of bottom-fixed turbines. Larger wind turbines are one of the most important contributions to reducing cost of energy, but challenge established drivetrain layouts, component size envelopes and analysis methods. We have used fibre optic strain sensor arrays to measure circumferential strain in the stationary ring in a main bearing. Strain data have been analysed in the time domain and the frequency domain and compared with data on environmental loads, floating turbine motion and turbine operation. The results show that the contribution to fluctuating strain from in-plane bending strain is two orders of magnitude larger than that from membrane strain. The fluctuating in-plane bending strain is the result of cyclic differences between blade bending moments, both in and out of the rotor plane, and is driven by wind loads and turbine rotation. The fluctuating membrane strain appears to be the result of both axial load from thrust, because of the bearing and roller geometry, and radial loads on the rotating bearing ring from total out-of-plane bending moments in the three blades. The membrane strain shows a contribution from slow-varying wind forces and floating turbine pitch motion. However, as the total fluctuating strain is dominated by the intrinsic effects of blade bending moments in these turbines, the relative effect of floater motion is very small. Mostly relevant for the intrinsic membrane strain, sum and difference frequencies appear in the measured responses as the result of nonlinear system behaviour. This is an important result with respect to turbine modelling and simulation, where global structural analyses and local drivetrain analyses are frequently decoupled.     

船用柴油机与燃气轮机动力装置的可靠性对比分析

从关键零部件数量、零部件制造材料、零部件工作条件和部件冗余数量角度,分别对船用柴油机和燃气轮机动力装置的不可靠度进行计算和对比分析。结果表明,柴油机动力装置包含的部件数量大,而燃气轮机动力装置结构相对简单,其结构可靠性高于柴油机动力装置。但对于多缸柴油机来说,由于冗余部件和冗余辅机系统的存在,柴油机动力装置的整体运行可靠性高于燃气轮机动力装置,说明柴油机动力装置的冗余部件对其运行可靠性非常重要。     

Research on the calculation method of penetration resistance of bucket foundation for offshore wind turbines

The cost of foundations for offshore wind turbines constitutes approximately 35% of the total cost of an offshore wind farm. The bucket foundations show significant potential due to their superior transportation and installation efficiencies compared to pile foundations, leading to potential cost savings for the foundation of up to 30%. For a bucket foundation to be installed successfully, the penetration resistance must be predicted. However, there is currently a lack of clarity on how to select a suitable calculation method for penetration resistance based on known geological parameters to guide construction. In order to evaluate the current methods of calculation for bucket foundation penetration resistance, this study combines theoretical calculation methods with two sets of practical measurement data from the field. The calculation methods of penetration resistance for bucket foundation are first reviewed and categorized. The applicability range of each method and the parameters needed for calculation are given. Next, according to the measured data in the process of penetration of bucket foundation on site, the evolution of compartment pressure, tilt angle, resistance and required suction in the process of penetration are analyzed. Finally, the reviewed methods are compared to the results of two practical projects in order to analyze the differences between them and make recommendations for the calculation technique. The findings can be used as a guide for calculating the bucket foundation's penetration resistance in complex geological conditions.     

Sail–sail and sail–hull interaction effects of hybrid-sail assisted bulk carrier

In a previously reported study, wind tunnel experiments were undertaken to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of hybrid-sails in isolation. Such sails are seen as providing a worthwhile reduction in the delivered power to the propeller and hence the engine generated thrust, with a corresponding reduction in the CO₂ production of diesel engine exhaust. In this paper, wind tunnel testing is used to investigate sail–sail interaction effects for two sets of four identical hybrid-sails, and the sail–hull interaction effects for the same two sets of four identical sails in the presence of a bulk carrier hullform. The analysis presented suggests that to build a sail-assisted ship requires an appreciation of the sail–sail and sail–hull interaction effects.     

酒泉至额济纳铁路防沙堤风洞试验数值模拟及积沙试验研究

防沙堤是造价低、使用广泛的工程防沙措施。对三角形和梯形截面防沙堤进行系统对比研究,总结出两种防沙堤的优缺点。通过风洞试验对不同断面形状的防沙堤的流场结构、流场压力分布、积沙情况进行对比研究,然后利用FLUENT数值模拟方法对风洞试验进行验证对比。研究结果和结论:(1)梯形横断面防沙堤迎风侧形成的低速区域宽度大于三角形,梯形迎风侧对沙粒的沉积、滞留作用优于三角形;(2)三角形横断面防沙堤背风侧产生的有效防护宽度大于梯形,防护效果优于梯形;(3)风沙流遇防沙堤阻挡在迎风侧坡脚受阻堆积,积沙达到堤体2/3高度时不再继续堆积增高,一部分向两侧随风流导向两端处,另一部分沿坡越过堤体顶部在落沙坡堆积。准备建设的风沙铁路酒额线及其他交通、民用建筑可以利用以上成果选择防沙堤的形状以达到最好防沙效益。     

燃气轮机监测系统的建模与实现

以从法国引进的ＭＳ６００１燃气轮机发电机组为研究对象,针对它开发了一套以燃气轮机循环计算、压气机和涡轮特性计算及燃气轮机变工况计算为基础的工况监测显示系统软件。该软件的开发有利于提高燃气轮机系统运行的管理水平,为全面实现燃气轮机机组的智能监测和诊断打下坚实的基础。     

船用核汽轮机转速串级前馈-反馈模糊PID控制

在船用核汽轮机装置中,其转速控制效果直接关系到机组安全性和经济性。以船用核汽轮机为研究对象,首先,建立了船用核汽轮机各个模块的数学模型,在此基础上设计了核汽轮机转速的串级前馈-反馈PID控制系统;然后,基于模糊控制原理,采用串级前馈-反馈模糊PID控制对串级前馈-反馈PID算法进行改进;最后,在不同扰动下进行了仿真实验,仿真结果表明了模糊算法在改进前馈-反馈PID控制效果方面起了显著地作用,体现了智能算法与传统算法相结合的控制思想在船用核汽轮机转速控制方面的应用前景。