Gas transfer velocities of CO2 and CH4 in a tropical reservoir and its river downstream

We have measured simultaneously the methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) surface concentrations and water–air fluxes by floating chambers (FC) in the Petit-Saut Reservoir (French Guiana) and its tidal river (Sinnamary River) downstream of the dam, during the two field experiments in wet (May 2003) and dry season (December 2003). The eddy covariance (EC) technique was also used for CO₂ fluxes on the lake. The comparison of fluxes obtained by FC and EC showed little discrepancies mainly due to differences in measurements durations which resulted in different average wind speeds. When comparing the gas transfer velocity (k₆₀₀) for a given wind speed, both methods gave similar results. On the lake and excluding rainy events, we obtained an exponential relationship between k₆₀₀ and U₁₀, with a significant intercept at 1.7 cm h^− 1, probably due to thermal effects. Gas transfer velocity was also positively related to rainfall rates reaching 26.5 cm h⁻¹ for a rainfall rate of 36 mm h^− 1. During a 24-h experiment in dry season, rainfall accounted for as much as 25% of the k₆₀₀. In the river downstream of the dam, k₆₀₀ values were 3 to 4 times higher than on the lake, and followed a linear relationship with U₁₀.     

Sail–sail and sail–hull interaction effects of hybrid-sail assisted bulk carrier

In a previously reported study, wind tunnel experiments were undertaken to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of hybrid-sails in isolation. Such sails are seen as providing a worthwhile reduction in the delivered power to the propeller and hence the engine generated thrust, with a corresponding reduction in the CO₂ production of diesel engine exhaust. In this paper, wind tunnel testing is used to investigate sail–sail interaction effects for two sets of four identical hybrid-sails, and the sail–hull interaction effects for the same two sets of four identical sails in the presence of a bulk carrier hullform. The analysis presented suggests that to build a sail-assisted ship requires an appreciation of the sail–sail and sail–hull interaction effects.     

连续刚构桥动力特性和抗风分析

黑沟特大桥为主跨150m的预应力混凝土高桥墩连续刚构桥,位于峡谷出口处,风速较大。文章利用有限元方法建立其模型,模拟桥梁的施工过程,探讨其结构动力学特性和风荷载作用下的应力和变形,为桥梁施工和控制提供参考。     

二级增压系统压气机效率的优化策略研究

对配置在1台重型车用柴油机上的二级增压系统进行了性能研究。结果表明:放气阀开启的二级增压系统存在进气能力不足、压气机效率低的问题;关闭二级增压放气阀后,在中、低转速低负荷工况仅采用高压级增压器,而其余工况借助高压级涡轮旁通阀实现进气压力可调,增压系统压气机效率均可超过60%,且最大进气压力可达334kPa;针对不同工况采用不同增压形式,通过控制涡轮旁通阀开度使二级增压系统进气压力及压比分配得到有效调节,可以改善压气机效率及燃油经济性,为二级增压系统与重型柴油机的性能匹配提供技术参考。     

以可靠性为中心的维修分析方法应用

以船舶关键设备主汽轮机自控系统为对象,阐述以可靠性为中心的维修策略研究方法和分析过程,详细介绍RCM分析的步骤、内容及具体应用情况,为船舶其它机械设备采取合适的维修策略提供依据。     

r Huaihe River Basin and neighbor regions,

porting water vapor. The second one is from South China Sea. It is the weakest one. The third is from the tropical Pacific Ocean to the east     

竖轴推进器两种控制机构叶片角的探讨

本文研究了用于竖轴推进器控制叶片自转的正统机构和VSP机构的叶片角特性。VSP机构是机架长度可调的双曲柄六杆机构。本文首先指明了它的独立几何参数,并提出一套求解其叶片角的简化公式。力了与正统机构比较,引出了伪偏心率、瞬时偏心率、平均偏心率和放大系数的概念。最后通过实例计算,比较了VSP机构和正统机构的叶片角特性。     

新型高效扭曲叶片的叶轮研制

针对原泥泵叶轮采用柱形叶片,导致过流通道较小、泥泵效率低的问题,在不改变叶轮外形尺寸的前提下,设计一款扭曲叶片的三叶片叶轮,对不同叶片数的叶轮输送清水和泥浆进行水力特性试验,分析泥泵的清水特性和泥浆特性,并且将两款不同叶轮的性能进行对比。结果表明,新开发的扭曲叶片的叶轮最大过流通道的直径增加了40%,泥泵效率提高了10%。研究成果可为类似工程提供参考。     

脉冲全周进气和非全周进气涡轮性能比较的数值研究

分别设计了全周进气双流道涡轮和非全周进气双流道涡轮,通过数值模拟,对两种结构进行了全工况性能分析。结果表明,非全周进气双流道涡轮的效率高于全周进气双流道涡轮。通过流场分析揭示了涡轮内部流动损失机理,从而了解两种结构对涡轮效率和输出功率的影响,为涡轮增压器的进一步开发提供一定的理论依据。     

发电用燃气轮机动态性能仿真

针对发电用燃气轮机,基于Matlab/Simulink仿真平台构建其仿真模型.使用仿真模型,计算在电网负荷波动以及机组甩负荷的情况下燃气轮机的动态特性.参照电网指标,通过优化控制策略,给出电网负荷变化时燃气轮机的响应特性.