三维竖轴潮流水轮机水动力性能研究

竖轴水轮机作为潮流能转换为电能的核心装置,其水动力性能的优劣将会直接影响到整体发电系统的效率。为了研究大型竖轴水轮机叶片安装角对水轮机水动力性能的影响,基于多参考系模型(MRF),采用Fluent软件对流场中的模型进行3D数值模拟。在转速和来流速度保持不变,改变安装角时,分析同种翼型5个不同安装角叶片对潮流能水轮机的水动力性能的影响。同时分析在同一安装角和旋转速度条件下,不同来流速度对水轮机水动力性能的影响。结果表明,叶片安装角对竖轴潮流水轮机的能量利用率影响较大,来流速度对水轮机叶片表面的静压力和输出功率具有一定的影响。研究结果对今后竖轴水轮机的设计和生产具有借鉴意义。     

可变喷嘴涡轮增压器控制策略研究

设计了可变喷嘴涡轮增压器控制策略。以潍柴蓝擎共轨柴油机为平台进行了可变喷嘴涡轮增压器性能匹配试验,台架试验显示,所设计的控制策略可实现可变喷嘴涡轮增压器的精确控制,对提高发动机低速扭矩,改善发动机低速和部分负荷时的经济性效果显著。     

增压器混流涡轮的设计和试验研究

为了提高车用增压器涡轮的性能,针对某柴油机匹配的JP78B增压器进行了混流涡轮设计和试验研究。利用叶轮机械CFD软件NUMECA,对所设计的8个混流涡轮叶轮进行了叶轮内部流动的计算,分析了叶轮进口倾斜角、叶轮进口攻角、叶轮宽度和叶片数对混流涡轮叶轮性能的影响,进行了混流涡轮和径流涡轮的性能试验。试验结果表明,混流涡轮比径流涡轮效率高,并且涡轮最高效率点的u/co小。     

Design optimization of a TetraSpar-type floater and tower for the IEA Wind 15 MW reference wind turbine

We present an optimization study for the conceptual design of wind turbine floaters of the TetraSpar type. The optimization variables include all geometric dimensions of the floater, keel, mooring lines and tower design. A gradient based optimization method is applied to a mass proportional objective cost function. The objective function accounts for the different weight components of the floater, including secondary steel, the wind turbine tower, and the mooring system. A frequency domain response method is utilized, so that each design evaluation also takes into account the dynamic response for 12 wind speeds with associated wave conditions. Nineteen constraints are applied for static and dynamic response, natural frequencies, and fatigue at the bottom of the tower. Two reference designs are presented, namely one with a soft–stiff tower and one with a stiff–stiff tower. Due to the anti-phase coupling of the floater pitch and tower vibration, the soft–stiff tower needs a stronger floater stiffness in pitch. This design thus has a larger water plane area moment than the more compact stiff–stiff floater, which is found to be the least economical. A constraint analysis is next presented based on Lagrange multipliers and a relative cost index. We find that the strongest cost influence is exerted by the 3P tower frequency constraint for the stiff-stiff and soft-stiff designs. Finally, a third design variant with a free optimizable tower frequency is introduced. This design is found to be 11% cheaper than the soft–stiff design and highlights the potential cost savings of tower designs within the 3P region.     

Research on the calculation method of penetration resistance of bucket foundation for offshore wind turbines

The cost of foundations for offshore wind turbines constitutes approximately 35% of the total cost of an offshore wind farm. The bucket foundations show significant potential due to their superior transportation and installation efficiencies compared to pile foundations, leading to potential cost savings for the foundation of up to 30%. For a bucket foundation to be installed successfully, the penetration resistance must be predicted. However, there is currently a lack of clarity on how to select a suitable calculation method for penetration resistance based on known geological parameters to guide construction. In order to evaluate the current methods of calculation for bucket foundation penetration resistance, this study combines theoretical calculation methods with two sets of practical measurement data from the field. The calculation methods of penetration resistance for bucket foundation are first reviewed and categorized. The applicability range of each method and the parameters needed for calculation are given. Next, according to the measured data in the process of penetration of bucket foundation on site, the evolution of compartment pressure, tilt angle, resistance and required suction in the process of penetration are analyzed. Finally, the reviewed methods are compared to the results of two practical projects in order to analyze the differences between them and make recommendations for the calculation technique. The findings can be used as a guide for calculating the bucket foundation's penetration resistance in complex geological conditions.     

指定压力分布的螺旋桨设计

修改压力分布设计螺旋桨新型叶剖面来改进空化斗的工作已经进行多年,但是均基于薄翼理论进行二维剖面与三维叶剖面之间的转换。文中分别用B样条曲线和曲面表达二维剖面和三维桨叶,指定Eppler剖面的压力分布作为三维目标压力;将一个初始螺旋桨用B样条曲线表达其0.8R处的剖面几何;建立算法调整0.8R剖面对应的B样条控制多边形,进而调整桨叶几何,使得0.8R处三维面元法预报压力逼近目标压力。文中最后还讨论了高负荷时该剖面的压力分布情况。     

调距桨调距过程中叶元体受力的CFD分析方法研究

对调距桨作定距桨工况和作调距桨工况时叶元体水动力进行了CFD计算与分析.叶元体采用NACA4412翼型.采用,k-ε和SST两种湍流模型求解叶元体攻角为6.4°时压力系数分布并与面元法计算结果和实验曲线进行比较,校验了CFD分析方法的可信性.在此基础上对叶元体攻角每改变2°进行一次稳态工况计算,分析调距桨在60°转角范围内叶元体水动力随攻角的变化关系.变化曲线与实验曲线吻合良好,且计算精度要高于面元法程序XFOIL.然后采用滑移网格技术对调距桨整个调距过程进行了动态模拟,并将计算结果与作定距桨使用时的稳态工况值时进行了对比.结果表明:在攻角-12°～18°范围内,叶元体所受水动力、力矩在稳态和动态时的值基本相等.动态时叶元体正负失速角均较稳态延迟2°～4°.在大攻角范围内,叶元体稳态时所受阻力明显较动态时大、升力和制动力矩均较动态时小.研究结果表明现行采用的利用稳态敞水实验值来确定调距机构强度的方法是存在风险的;建议取稳态值和动态值两者中大者为强度设计的基本依据.     

采用CFD方法的喷水推进轴流泵导叶整流性能改进研究

采用CFD方法对某喷水推进双级轴流泵流体动力性能进行预报,通过与实验结果的对比确认了该方法的可信性.通过观察设计工况泵内部流场速度、压力等参量和流线分布情况,并考察导叶出口沿不同半径处的速度环量分布,发现导叶的整流效果有进一步提高的空间.基于圆弧骨线设计法,改变导叶叶片安放角,对该轴流泵重新进行数值计算与分析.计算结果表明,改进后导叶的整流性能得到改善.最后,对比分析了不同导叶叶片数对整流性能的影响.     

GT28燃气轮机工业/船用衍生的技术策略研究

GT28燃气轮机是1台带动力涡轮的三轴燃气轮机,性能良好。通过对其工业/船用衍生应用与发展研究策略的分析,全面勾画出其技术发展网络及主要关键技术,明晰其应用和发展技术途径,提出当前应重点开展燃气轮机发电模块(船用/陆用)、天然气增压机组、间冷循环燃气轮机的应用与发展研究工作。在此基础上将会全面推进GT28燃气轮机的工业/船用衍生应用与发展。     

海上风机基础防撞设计初探

从分析风机基础可能遭遇的船舶撞击的风险出发,提出了船舶撞击风机基础的概率计算方法。在此基础上提出通过防护成本和撞击损失的比较分析确定撞击标准的方法。进而提出了海上风机基础防撞设计的基本思路,并就风机基础防撞设计所涉及的船舶撞击力的计算方法和风机基础防撞设施的设计和使用进行了阐述。初步阐明了海上风机基础防撞标准的确定方法和海上风机基础防撞设计的思路,可供海上风机基础设计参考。